Hormones and Cancer最新文献

{"title":"L-cysteine contributes to destructive activities of odontogenic cysts/tumor","authors":"Ji Li, Chunyu Feng, Xiaochan Pang, Xiang Li, Xinyu Dou, Erhui Jiang, Zhengjun Shang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00959-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00959-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Odontogenic cysts/tumor can cause severe bone destruction, which affects maxillofacial function and aesthetics. Meanwhile, metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of diseases. Changes in metabolic flow affect all aspects of disease, especially bone-related diseases. At present, the researches on pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts/tumor are mainly focused on the level of gene regulation, but the effects of metabolic alterations on odontogenic cysts/tumor have still underexplored.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>Imaging analysis was used to evaluate the lesion size of different odontogenic lesions. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were utilized to detect the differences in bone destruction activity in odontogenic cysts and tumors. Furthermore, metabolomics and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were conducted for the metabolomic features and key metabolite screening, respectively. The effect of ferroptosis inhibition on bone destruction was confirmed by IHC, immunofluorescence, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assay.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The bone destruction activity of ameloblastoma (AM) was the strongest and the weakest in odontogenic cysts (OC). High-throughput targeted metabolomics was used to map the metabolomic profiles of OC, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and AM. WGCNA and differential analysis identified L-cysteine in OKC and AM. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) was further screened by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The functions of L-cysteine were further validated. Finally, we confirmed that CTH affected destructive activities by regulating the sensitivity of epithelial cells to ferroptosis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>High-throughput targeted metabolomics performed on diseased tissue confirmed the unique alteration of metabolic profiles in OKC and AM. CTH and its metabolite L-cysteine are the key factors regulating destructive activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance and implications of FHIT gene expression and promoter hypermethylation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)","authors":"Fozia Mohammad, Arshad A. Pandith, Shayaq Ul Abeer Rasool, Faisal R. Guru, Iqbal Qasim, Sajad Geelani, Syed Nisar, Shahid M. Baba, Farooq A. Ganie, Safiya Kouser, Javid Rasool","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00971-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00971-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Fragile histidine triad (<i>FHIT</i>) has been documented to play a vital role in various cancers including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Keeping in view the plausible role of <i>FHIT</i> gene, we aimed to examine DNA promoter hypermethylation and mRNA expression in ALL cases in Kashmir (North India).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A total of 66 cases of ALL were analyzed for <i>FHIT</i> mRNA expression and promoter methylation by qRT-PCR and Methylation Specific-PCR (MS-PCR) respectively.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p><i>FHIT</i> mRNA expression showed significantly decreased expression in ALL cases with mean fold change of 9.24 ± 5.44 as compared to healthy controls (p = 0.01). The pattern of <i>FHIT</i> deregulation in ALL cases differed significantly between decreased and increased expression (p &lt; 0.0001). A threefold decreased expression was observed in 75% of ALL cases than healthy controls (− 3.58 ± 2.32). ALL patients with <i>FHIT</i> gene promoter hypermethylation presented significantly higher in 80% (53/66) of cases (p = 0.0005). The association of <i>FHIT</i> gene hypermethylation and its subsequent expression showed <i>FHIT</i> mRNA expression as significantly lower in ALL cases with hypermethylation (<i>p</i> = 0.0008). B-ALL cases exhibited a highly significant association between the methylation pattern and its mRNA expression (p = 0.000). In low range WBC group, a significant association was found between increased expression (26%) of the cases and methylated (4%)/unmethylated group 86% (p = 0.0006).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The present study conclude that <i>FHIT</i> gene hypermethylation and its altered expression may be linked in the pathogenesis of ALL and provide an evidence for the role of <i>FHIT</i> in the development of ALL.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of mTORC1 and ferroptosis in tumors","authors":"Huilin Liao, Yueqing Wang, Lili Zou, Yanmei Fan, Xinyue Wang, Xiancong Tu, Qiaobai Zhu, Jun Wang, Xiaowen Liu, Chuanjiang Dong","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00954-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00954-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed death, dependent on iron ions and oxidative stress, with a predominant intracellular form of lipid peroxidation. In recent years, ferroptosis has gained more and more interest of people in the treatment mechanism of targeted tumors. mTOR, always overexpressed in the tumor, and controlling cell growth and metabolic activities, has an important role in both autophagy and ferroptosis. Interestingly, the selective types of autophay plays an important role in promoting ferroptosis, which is related to mTOR and some metabolic pathways (especially in iron and amino acids). In this paper, we list the main mechanisms linking ferroptosis with mTOR signaling pathway and further summarize the current compounds targeting ferroptosis in these ways. There are growing experimental evidences that targeting mTOR and ferroptosis may have effective impact in many tumors, and understanding the mechanisms linking mTOR to ferroptosis could provide a potential therapeutic approach for tumor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morbidity and mortality of patients with peritoneal malignancy following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy","authors":"Greta Hotza, Michael Karageorgos, Varvara Pastourmatzi, Nader Baniowda, Dimitrios Kyziridis, Apostolos Kalakonas, Nicolaos Chavouzis, Irene Hotza, Antonios-Apostolos Tentes","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00968-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00968-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <span> <h3>Background</h3> <p>The purpose of this study was to record the incidence, and identify the prognostic variables of morbidity and mortality in patients with peritoneal malignancy undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).</p> </span> <span> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>The files of patients with peritoneal malignancy who underwent CRS + HIPEC from 2015–2022 were retrieved. Morbidity and hospital mortality were recorded and correlated to a variety of clinical variables.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Results</h3> <p>A total of 44/192 (22.9%) patients were recorded with postoperative complications. Grade 3 and 4 complications were 12.5%. The possible prognostic variables of morbidity were the extent of peritoneal malignancy and the number of suture lines. The mortality rate was 2.5% (5 patients). The number of FFP units, and peritonectomy procedures were identified as possible prognostic variables of hospital mortality.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Conclusions</h3> <p>The morbidity rate in patients undergoing CRS + HIPEC is acceptable compared to morbidity of previous publications or major gastrointestinal surgical operations. The possible prognostic variables of morbidity are the extent of peritoneal malignancy, and the number of suture lines. The mortality rate is low. The possible prognostic variables of mortality are the number of FFP units, and the number of peritonectomy procedures.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"2020 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRD4 inhibitors broadly promote erastin-induced ferroptosis in different cell lines by targeting ROS and FSP1","authors":"Chenyang Fan, Xiaohong Guo, Jie Zhang, Wen Zheng, Chonglin Shi, Yongwei Qin, Haoliang Shen, Yang Lu, Yihui Fan, Yanli Li, Liuting Chen, Renfang Mao","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00928-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00928-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is an epigenetic reader and a promising target for cancer therapeutics. However, the role of BRD4 in ferroptosis is controversial and the value of the interaction between BRD4 inhibitors and ferroptosis inducers remains to be explored. Here, we found that BRD4 inhibition greatly enhanced erastin-induced ferroptosis in different types of cells, including HEK293T, HeLa, HepG2, RKO, and PC3 cell lines. Knocking down <i>BRD4</i> in HEK293T and HeLa cells also promoted erastin-induced cell death. BRD4 inhibition by JQ-1 and I-BET-762 or <i>BRD4</i> knockdown resulted in substantial accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both HEK293T and HeLa cells. The effect of BRD4 inhibition on ferroptosis-associated genes varied in different cells. After using BRD4 inhibitors, the expression of FTH1, Nrf2, and GPX4 increased in HEK293T cells, while the levels of VDAC2, VDAC3, and FSP1 decreased. In HeLa cells, the expression of FTH1, VDAC2, VDAC3, Nrf2, GPX4, and FSP1 was reduced upon treatment with JQ-1 and I-BET-762. Consistently, the level of FSP1 was greatly reduced in HEK293T and HeLa cells with stable <i>BRD4</i> knockdown compared to control cells. Furthermore, ChIP-sequencing data showed that BRD4 bound to the promoter of <i>FSP1</i>, but the BRD4 binding was greatly reduced upon JQ-1 treatment. Our results suggest that ROS accumulation and <i>FSP1</i> downregulation are common mechanisms underlying increased ferroptosis with BRD4 inhibitors. Thus, BRD4 inhibitors might be more effective in combination with ferroptosis inducers, especially in FSP1-dependent cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of chitosan-folate modified PLGA nanoparticles for targeted delivery of diosgenin as an anticancer agent","authors":"Fatemeh Teymouri, Ehsan Karimi","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00957-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00957-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diosgenin as a potential phytoconstituent and steroidal saponin manifested significant anticancer agents against various cancers. To enhance its solubility and bioavailability in cancer treatment, we loaded diosgenin (PubChem CID: 99474) in poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticle coated with folic acid-chitosan (Da-PFC-NPs). The diosgenin nano-formulation was characterized and its antioxidant and anticancer properties were surveyed respectively. The obtained results illustrated that the Da-PFC-NPs were spherical and stable with a size of 218 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.41. The Da-PFC-NPs indicated potential free radical scavenging using ABTS and DPPH assay. Meanwhile, it demonstrated selective toxicity against the TUBO breast cancer cell with IC₅₀ values of 104.45 μg/ml and did not show toxicity on normal cells (I929 cell line). The <i>invivo</i> funding exhibited that Da-PFC-NPs notably altered the liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM). Besides that, different doses of Da-PFC-NPs (50 and 100 mg/kg) remarkedly enhance the expression of caspase 3 and decrease HER2 genes. In light of this experiment, we can conclude that Da-PFC-NPs have promise as novel carrier for improving the delivery of diosgenin in cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAP3K4 kinase action and dual role in cancer","authors":"Yuxin Huang, Guanwen Wang, Ningning Zhang, Xiaohua Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00961-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00961-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is commonly known that the MAPK pathway is involved in translating environmental inputs, regulating downstream reactions, and maintaining the intrinsic dynamic balance. Numerous essential elements and regulatory processes are included in this pathway, which are essential to its functionality. Among these, MAP3K4, a member of the serine/threonine kinases family, plays vital roles throughout the organism's life cycle, including the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, MAP3K4 can interact with key partners like GADD45, which affects organism's growth and development. Notably, MAP3K4 functions as both a tumor promotor and suppressor, being activated by a variety of factors and triggering diverse downstream pathways that differently influence cancer progression. The aim of this study is to provide a brief overview of physiological functions of MAP3K4 and shed light on its contradictory roles in tumorigenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combined effect of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms on the risk of digestive system cancer among a hypertensive population","authors":"Qiangqiang He, Yaping Wei, Hehao Zhu, Qiongyue Liang, Ping Chen, Shuqun Li, Yun Song, Lishun Liu, Binyan Wang, Xiping Xu, Yuhan Dong","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00960-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00960-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and purpose</h3><p>The enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (<i>MTHFR</i>) plays a crucial role in directing folate species towards nucleotide synthesis or DNA methylation. The <i>MTHFR</i> polymorphisms C677T and A1298C have been linked to cancer susceptibility, but the evidence supporting this association has been equivocal. To investigate the individual and joint associations between <i>MTHFR</i> C677T, A1298C, and digestive system cancer in a Chinese hypertensive population, we conducted a population-based case–control study involving 751 digestive system cancer cases and one-to-one matched controls from the China H-type Hypertension Registry Study (CHHRS).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We utilized the conditional logistic regression model to evaluate multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of digestive system cancer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The analysis revealed a significantly lower risk of digestive system cancer in individuals with the CT genotype (adjusted OR: 0.71; 95% CI 0.52, 0.97; P = 0.034) and TT genotype (adjusted OR: 0.57; 95% CI 0.40, 0.82; P = 0.003; P for trend = 0.003) compared to those with the 677CC genotype. Although A1298C did not show a measurable association with digestive system cancer risk, further stratification of 677CT genotype carriers by A1298C homozygotes (AA) and heterozygotes (AC) revealed a distinct trend within these subgroups.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>These findings indicate a potential protective effect against digestive system cancer associated with the T allele of <i>MTHFR</i> C677T. Moreover, we observed that the presence of different combinations of <i>MTHFR</i> polymorphisms may contribute to varying susceptibilities to digestive system cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of next-generation sequencing versus next-generation flow cytometry for minimal-residual-disease detection in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma","authors":"Mo Zhou, Yan Chen, Yanlei Gong, Mingqing Zhu, Jiannong Cen, Jinlan Pan, Lingzhi Yan, Jingjing Shang, Song Jin, Xiaolan Shi, Weiqin Yao, Shuang Yan, Depei Wu, Suning Chen, Chengcheng Fu, Li Yao","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00938-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00938-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the efficacy of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in minimal-residual-disease (MRD) monitoring in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study analyzed 60 Chinese MM patients. During MRD monitoring in these patients’ post-therapy, clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) rearrangements were detected via NGS using LymphoTrack assays. MRD monitoring was performed using NGS or next-generation flow cytometry (NGF), and the results were compared. Additionally, the sensitivity and reproducibility of the NGS method were assessed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The MRD detection range of the NGS method was 10^–6–10^–1, which suggested good linearity, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.985 and a limit of detection of 10^–6. Intra- and inter-assay reproducibility analyses showed that NGS exhibited 100% reproducibility with low variability in clonal cells. At diagnosis, unique clones were found in 42 patients (70.0%) with clonal IGH rearrangements, which were used as clonality markers for MRD monitoring post-therapy. Comparison of NGS and NGF for MRD monitoring showed 79.1% concordance. No samples that tested MRD-positive via NGF were found negative via NGS, indicating the higher sensitivity of NGS. MRD could be detected using NGS in 6 of 7 samples before autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, and 5 of them tested negative post-transplantation. In contrast, the NGF method could detect MRD in only 1 sample pre-transplantation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Compared with NGF, NGS exhibits higher sensitivity and reproducibility in MRD detection and can be an effective strategy for MRD monitoring in Chinese MM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notch appearance as a novel radiological predictor of transient expansion and good outcome of expanding schwannoma after radiotherapy","authors":"Masahiro Yamazaki, Shigeyuki Takamatsu, Yuta Iwata, Takayuki Sakurai, Masashi Taka, Satoshi Kobayashi, Toshifumi Gabata, Eiichi Mizuno","doi":"10.1007/s12672-024-00936-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-00936-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Schwannoma expansion after radiotherapy has not been well-studied despite the clinical importance of distinguishing transient increase from permanent expansion. Thus, this study aimed to identify the underlying mechanism and novel radiological predictors of schwannoma expansion after radiotherapy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials &amp; methods</h3><p>We retrospectively examined the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy on schwannomas and magnetic resonance images of 43 patients with vestibular schwannomas who underwent stereotactic radiotherapy or radiosurgery at our facility between June 1, 2012 and September 1, 2018. Based on the size change pattern, the treated tumors were classified into six groups, including transient-expansion and consistent-increase groups. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratio and appearance of any notch were included as evaluation items based on our hypothesis that transient expansion is due to edema with increased extracellular free water. A log-rank test was performed to evaluate the relationship between the local control rate and radiological signs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The mean overall 5-year local control rate was 90%, and the median follow-up period was 62 (24–87) months. Approximately 28% of the tumors showed transient expansion; all ADC ratios synchronized with size change, and 75% showed a new notch appearance. Approximately 9% of tumors showed consistent increase, with no notch on the outline. The log-rank test revealed a difference in the local control rate with or without notch appearance in expanding irradiated schwannomas. All tumors with notch appearance showed a significant regression 5 years after radiation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>New notch appearance on the outline could indicate favorable long-term outcomes of expanding schwannomas post-treatment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b><i> Clinical relevance statement</i></b>\u0000</h3><p>Notch appearance can help differentiate a transient schwannoma from a real tumor expansion, and it is a novel predictor of better outcomes of expanding schwannomas after radiotherapy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":13170,"journal":{"name":"Hormones and Cancer","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}