A. Zubow, P. Gawłowicz, K. L. Bober, V. Jungnickel, K. Habel, F. Dressler
{"title":"Hy-Fi: Aggregation of LiFi and WiFi using MIMO in IEEE 802.11","authors":"A. Zubow, P. Gawłowicz, K. L. Bober, V. Jungnickel, K. Habel, F. Dressler","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00023","url":null,"abstract":"We present Hy-Fi, a system which combines light fidelity (LiFi) and radio based on the WiFi physical layer waveform by using the MIMO features available in IEEE 802.11-compliant commodity chip sets. Hy-Fi is based on two key ideas. First, we use inexpensive COTS hardware to facilitate direct transmission of WiFi waveforms over the optical wireless channel, as this is proposed in the IEEE P802.11bb task group. Second, we use the MIMO signal processing to aggregate LiFi and radio signals at the physical layer. The system was implemented as a prototype and evaluated in a small testbed. Experimental results show that our approach offers robustness against signal blockage (Shadowing) and external interference in both, the optical and RF channels. Moreover, the two media (LiFi and WiFi) can be aggregated to double the capacity in the best case.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114147944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Trip Matching Algorithms for Mobility Sharing Applications","authors":"F. Martelli, M. E. Renda","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Trip matching algorithms used in ride-sharing and carpooling systems share the common goal of optimizing the number of used vehicles to satisfy a set of trips according to their temporal and spatial constraints, in order to better allocate resources and reduce traffic and congestion. However, each matching algorithm could be designed to pursue a different objective like, for instance, reducing users’ waiting time for quality of service, reducing the total amount of traveled distance within the system to reduce carbon footprint, or maximizing the time two trips are shared to favor user interaction. Changing the final system objective could significantly change the performance of the system itself. In this paper, we compare the performance of matching algorithms with different objectives and show whether potential tradeoffs exist in pursuing these objectives, taking into consideration all the actors in play in a mobility sharing application. In particular, by applying the matching algorithms to two sets of daily trips performed in the cities of Pisa, Italy, and Cambridge, USA, our analysis shows that there is a matching algorithm among the ones we tested able to provide a good compromise between different optimization objectives.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116028719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D Position Optimization for the UAV-Assisted Relay Networks Enhancing by NOMA and MRC","authors":"D. Zhai, Huan Li, Ruonan Zhang, Haotong Cao","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00060","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted relay network for B5G, where the UAV and the base station (BS) cooperated with each other to serve the cell-edge users. Aiming at this network, we propose a new decode-and-forward (DF) relay protocol incorporated with Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and maximum ratio combining (MRC), by which the coverage for the cell-edge users is enhanced. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed NOMA based relay protocol is superior to the traditional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) based relay protocol in terms of channel capacity. In order to make full use of the advantages of the proposed protocol, we formulate the 3D spatial position optimization problem of the UAV relay with the objective to maximize the sum-rate of all the cell-edge users. Based on the genetic algorithm, we propose an effective algorithm to solve the formulated problem. simulation results indicate that the proposed relay protocol greatly outperforms the traditional protocols, and the proposed algorithm achieves orders of magnitude speedup in computational time with only slight loss of performance.1","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116434026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WIP: Analysis of Feasible Topologies for Backhaul Mesh Networks","authors":"Gabriele Gemmi, R. Cigno, L. Maccari","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00043","url":null,"abstract":"Mesh backhauls are getting attention for 5G networks, but not only. A backhaul mesh is attractive due to its multiple potential paths that grants redundancy and robustness. The real topology and its properties, however, is heavily influenced by the characteristics of the place where it is deployed, a fact that is rarely taken into account by scientific literature, mainly due to the lack of detailed topographic data. This WIP analyzes the impact of true topography on small backhaul meshes in nine different locations in Italy. Initial results stress how true data influence results and can help designing better networks and better services.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"1896 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130057282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing Task Allocation for Edge Micro-Clusters in Smart Cities","authors":"Yousef Alhaizaey, J. Singer, A. L. Michala","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00062","url":null,"abstract":"Current urban technology trends like Internet-of-Things and 5G require ultra low latency compute resource to be distributed liberally at the network edge. We characterize and advocate the need for heterogeneous edge micro-clusters; these are pragmatic, low-power, low-cost, minimal footprint units that can provide sufficient resource for typical edge compute applications in smart cities. However, to make best use of heterogeneous edge micro-clusters, we require resource management techniques that are both efficient and effective. In this paper, we report on an empirical study to demonstrate that mathematical optimization (in particular, mixed integer programming) for resource management is appropriate in terms of overhead, also highly effective for executing batch-arrival workloads in smart city use cases.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124361427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Kattadige, Shashika R. Muramudalige, Kwon Nung Choi, Guillaume Jourjon, Haonan Wang, A. Jayasumana, Kanchana Thilakarathna
{"title":"VideoTrain: A Generative Adversarial Framework for Synthetic Video Traffic Generation","authors":"C. Kattadige, Shashika R. Muramudalige, Kwon Nung Choi, Guillaume Jourjon, Haonan Wang, A. Jayasumana, Kanchana Thilakarathna","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike the traditional Internet application such as web browsing and peer-to-peer(P2P), video streaming has been dominating the global network traffic for the past few years, raising many challenges for network providers. With the popularity of interactive videos, a.k.a 360° videos, resource requirement for video streaming has been further increased. Prior identification of these video traffic is useful for effective provisioning of network resources, yet it is difficult due to the end-to-end encryption of data. However, with the recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) methods, prior identification of these resource-demanding traffic types has become viable. Nonetheless, they require more training data, without which leads to poor performance. Collecting more training data may also pose issues related to delayed training time. To remedy this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) based data generation solution to synthesise video streaming data targeting 360°/normal video classification. Taking over 600 actual video traces and generating ≈ 30000 new traces, our post-classification results show that we can achieve 5 - 15% of accuracy improvement compared to only having actual traces.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132656110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Haile, Karl-Johan Grinnemo, Simone Ferlin Oliveira, Per Hurtig, A. Brunström
{"title":"WIP: Leveraging QUIC for a Receiver-driven BBR for Cellular Networks","authors":"H. Haile, Karl-Johan Grinnemo, Simone Ferlin Oliveira, Per Hurtig, A. Brunström","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00046","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular networks are continuously evolving to allow improved throughput and low latency performance for applications. However, it has been shown that, due to buffer over-provisioning, TCP’s standard loss-based congestion control algorithms (CCAs) can cause long delays in cellular networks. The QUIC transport protocol and the Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip propagation time (BBR) congestion control are both proposed in response to shortcomings observed in TCP and loss-based CCAs. Despite its notable advantages, BBR can experience suboptimal delay performance in cellular networks due to one of its underlying design choices: the maximum bandwidth filter at the sender. In this work, we leverage QUIC’s extensibility to enhance BBR. Instead of using the ACK rate observed at the sender side, we apply a more fitting delivery rate calculated at the receiver. Our 5G-trace-based emulation experiments in CloudLab suggest that our modified QUIC could significantly improve latency without any notable effect on the throughput: In particular, in some of our experiments, we observe up to 39% reduction of the round-trip time (RTT) with a worstcase throughput reduction of 2.7%.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133167297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delay Performance of UAV-Based Buffer-Aided Relay Networks under Bursty Traffic: Mobile or Static?","authors":"Rukhsana Ruby, Hailiang Yang, Viet Quoc Pham, Kaishun Wu","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Being a beneficial service in emergency situations, UAV-aided relay communications have received tremendous attentions in the recent years. In this paper, we consider a three-node UAV-based relay network, in which a mobile UAV establishes communication between two remaining nodes in the system. Despite numerous works available for such a system on the optimization of trajectory and other communication resources, none of these have addressed the delay performance of the system at the granular packet level. Furthermore, it is already established that the equipment of buffer at the relay node provides more flexibility in the delivery of packets through the exploitation of better channel quality. On the other hand, with the continued popularity of multimedia and similar other applications, it is very likely that the source node in the system receives bursty traffic from different external networks. Given that the source and UAV nodes have finite packet-level buffers and the trajectory of the UAV is known, under a bursty traffic model, we aim to study the average end-to-end packet delay and buffer overflow performance of the system. While capturing the predictable channel variation due to the movement of the UAV, we establish a queuing model for the source and UAV nodes based on the stochastic process. Then, from the dynamics of the established queuing model, we derive the average end-to-end packet delay and queue overflow probability of such a system. Through extensive numerical simulation, we justify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed analytical model while comparing with three static deployment scenarios of the UAV. Through providing sufficient analytical evidence as well as the numerical results, we exhibit that a mobile relay system outperforms the static relay one in terms of both the delay and buffer overflow metrics.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131233688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Program Placement Optimization for Storage-constrained Mobile Edge Computing Systems: A Multi-armed Bandit Approach","authors":"Ming Feng, M. Krunz","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00028","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising technology to support computationally intensive mobile applications with stringent delay requirements. As MEC applications become much more diverse and complex, it becomes more challenging for an edge node (EN) with limited storage to keep the program codes of all tasks. In this paper, we investigate the problem of program placement and user association in storage-limited MEC systems. Formulating the problem as a sequential decision-making problem, we first derive the solution for a single EN by transforming the formulation into a multi-armed bandit (MBA) problem and solving it via a Thompson sampling (TS) algorithm. We then propose a solution framework for the multi-EN scenario, where we decompose the original problem into three subproblems and solve them with low-complexity approaches. The first subproblem is to learn the task popularity, which we also formulate as a MAB problem and solve it via a TS algorithm. The second subproblem is optimizing program placement under a given user association and we propose a greedy algorithm to solve it. The last subproblem relates to user association, which is solved by a dual decomposition-based approach. Simulation results show that the average latency achieved by our proposed schemes is 30% to 100% lower than two benchmark schemes and is on average less than 10% higher than a lower bound.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131542207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Cicconetti, Leonardo Lossi, E. Mingozzi, A. Passarella
{"title":"A Preliminary Evaluation of QUIC for Mobile Serverless Edge Applications","authors":"C. Cicconetti, Leonardo Lossi, E. Mingozzi, A. Passarella","doi":"10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoWMoM51794.2021.00050","url":null,"abstract":"Deployment of computing infrastructures at the edge of the network will drive a revolution in integrated solutions for smart mobility in the cities of the future, thanks to the promises of reduced latency and outbound traffic. The adoption of serverless computing will help realising this vision since it simplifies management while at the same time providing the application developers with a neat and clean Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) programming model. Today FaaS relies on HTTP over TCP, but QUIC is emerging fast as a replacement because it is more robust to packet losses and it allows connection roaming: both these advantages are especially important for mobile scenarios. In this paper we report the results of a preliminary evaluation of QUIC+HTTP/3 when used instead of TCP+HTTP within a framework for decentralized dispatching of FaaS function invocations, which shows that this direction is promising and deserves to be delved further in the future.","PeriodicalId":131571,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121004905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}