Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"APPLICATION OF MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR SMALL RIVER BASINS OF THE BAIKAL RIFT ZONE BASINS","authors":"O. Bezgodova","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-290-300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-290-300","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the use of morphometric analysis to study the features of formation and development of small river basins in the western branch of the Baikal rift zone basins (by example of the Ihe-Uhgun river basin). The author has prepared a hydrologically correct digital elevation model based on satellite data ALOS Digital Surface Model (DSM). A comprehensive assessment of the earth's surface was carried out, including for the purposes of geomorphological and hydrological analysis, as well as an automated calculation and mapping of standard morphometric indicators based on DEM data. The work is based on general physiographic research methods, the method of morphometric analysis of the relief using GIS, the method of geoinformation mapping. Statistical data of morphometric and hydrological indicators were collected using SAGA GIS, patterns of their distribution over the basin area were revealed, which, as a result, made it possible to draw conclusions about the factors and patterns of the river network development and determine the set of presented exogenous processes of relief formation in the Ihe-Uhgun river basin territory. The main factors in the small river basins development are: high base levels, complex tectonic structure of the territory, steep slopes and southern orientation of the slope exposure, etc. It was revealed that the geometry of the basin relief determines the direction and volume of surface runoff, as well as the intensity of exogenous geomorphological processes.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125603228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TOURISM AS A FACTOR OF RECOVERY OF THE INDUSTRY IN A PANDEMIC","authors":"O. V. Shpyrnya, Z. Khasheva","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-345-348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-345-348","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is known to hit all spheres of society, bringing losses for dollars. One of these areas that have experienced a serious impact of this global problem was tourism, which had to adapt to negative trends. This article analyzes the possibility of using the development of domestic tourism as a tool for restoring the tourism industry in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.To assess the state of domestic tourism, an analysis of statistical indicators (income, number of tourist trips and tourists) for 2019-2021 was carried out. It was concluded that in the conditions of closed borders with most countries of the world, domestic tourism can become the driver that can contribute to an increase in tourist flows within the country, there by stimulating the development of related sectors of the economic.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129829677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF DISTRIBUTION OF CASES OF HEAVY RAINS IN THE FLAT AND MOUNTAINOUS PARTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN","authors":"R. Kamalova, L. A. Kurbanova, R. Nigmatullina","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-311-318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-311-318","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of cases of heavy rains in the Republic of Bashkortostan. For a complete analysis, the authors also included cases of precipitation with a total of 15 mm or more for a period of no more than 12 hours. For the flat part of the Republic of Bashkortostan, urgent observation data were used at the Ufa-Dema weather station, for the mountainous part - at the Tukan weather station. Cases of heavy rains were detected from May to November in the period 1966-2018. The main regularities of the distribution of cases of heavy rains according to the criteria of the amount, timing, months of manifestation are shown. The statistical characteristics of cases for the periods 1966-1994 and 1990-2018 are compared. It was revealed that in the mountainous part of the republic, compared with the plain, there are a third more cases of heavy rains. Also, the orographic features of the Southern Urals caused the formation of 38 cases of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena, while no cases were registered at the weather station of the Bashkir Urals under consideration.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121543727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE TYPIZATION OF THE SOIL COVER STRUCTURE BY GIS MEANS FOR EVALUATING THE PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS","authors":"A.M. x A.M. Chervan’","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-280-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-280-289","url":null,"abstract":"A geosystem approach to the analysis of the structure of the soil cover by soil combinations with the use of geoinformation technologies is considered. Within the boundaries of the soil-ecological zoning of Belarus, the identified types of land are considered as units of territorial planning in the areas of nature management. An agroecological assessment of the productive potential of soil and land resources of agricultural landscapes was carried out on the basis of the nomenclature of land types and the formula of soil combination. In the basic agricultural landscapes, on a typical spatial basis, the factors of differentiation of the structure of the soil cover and the conditions of land use are taken into account. Regularities of changes in the cost of production of the main types of agricultural products, depending on the territorial affiliation to one of the limited set of identified types of land, have been revealed. The prospects for the use of typified soil cover structures in land management and the practice of territorial planning of agricultural landscapes are described.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129866064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF SNOW COVER ACCORDING TO FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PERM)","authors":"L. A. Zlydneva, E. Pischalnikova","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-301-310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-3-301-310","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific interest in snow dynamics is growing steadily, especially in relation to climate variability. The ability to monitor snow cover is being improved, which makes it possible to take into account the characteristics of snow cover from hard-to-reach places in hydrodynamic models of the atmosphere. As a result, the quality of climate and weather forecasting improves. This paper presents an analysis of field observation data in small relief forms with observation data from a stationary network of ground-based observations and ERA5-Land reanalysis. It was found that the temporal variability of the height and density of the snow cover in various elements of the landscape is successfully reproduced by reanalysis. The closest values of the characteristics of the snow cover are observed during the period of its formation. The greatest unevenness in the distribution of snow cover is distinguished by negative landforms and forest edges, which seems to be determined by snowstorm transport. The height of the snow cover in the field during route observations in the vicinity of the meteorological station and stationary observations at the meteorological station has discrepancies on average by 1-4 cm. The height of the snow cover in the gully is 10-22% higher than in the field and 10% more than in the log. It is shown that the highest snow density is observed in open areas, since in open areas, the wind seems to play an important role in compaction of the snow cover. Comparison of field observation data with reanalysis on the distribution of snow cover density shows small discrepancies: no more than 0.08 g/ cm. The maximum deviation from the actual data is observed in the first half of March.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128852840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES IN RIVER RUNOFF IN A LONG-TERM SECTION ACROSS THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN","authors":"A. Gareev, E. Galeeva, V. Barinov","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-159-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-159-165","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the main characteristics of the change in the values of the river runoff layer indicator in the long-term section across the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In previously published works related to 1990-2000, the statistical parameters of river runoff are considered without taking into account the changes that have occurred in the general population of the initial information. It is noted in the article that the calculations and estimates for the study of the peculiarities of changes in hydrometeorological conditions, carried out by us in recent years, indicate a violation of the homogeneity of the observation series. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that this trend is dependent on the influence of factors associated with global climate change. The article indicates that ignoring the facts reflecting the ongoing changes can affect not only the accuracy of the calculations, but also lead to the adoption of incorrect and unjustified decisions in the water sector and the assessment of environmental conditions in watercourses. The analysis was carried out according to the values of the annual runoff layer, the change in the indicators of the annual runoff of the rivers of the republic was calculated for two time intervals. As the boundary conditions between them, the year was taken, from which a rather clear tendency of the trend change in terms of the annual runoff values is revealed. Cartographic analysis of the information obtained was carried out using the ArcGIS software package. It has been established that during the period of noticeable climatic changes in most of the territory of the republic, there is a tendency to an increase in the values of the annual runoff layer. At the same time, the greatest indicators of change occur on the western slopes of the Southern Urals and the Ufa plateau within the republic. It was found that a noticeable decrease in the values of the annual runoff layer is observed over the territory of the Bashkir Trans-Urals.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128206550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE SEED RENEWAL OF TAMARIX RAMOSISSIMA LEDEB. IN THE COLLECTION ALPINARIUM OF PETER THE GREAT BOTANIC GARDEN","authors":"G. Firsov, O. Baranova, N. Tseitin","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-137-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-137-142","url":null,"abstract":"Information about Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. has been growing in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg since 1939. It reached 6.2 m in height at the age of 82. It is considered the most winter-hardy, characterized by long flowering and high decorative effect. The first flowering was noted in 1942, for a long time the plants only bloomed without tying the fruit. After the hot summer of 2010, fruits were first formed and self-seeding appeared in 2011-2012. This is a unique fact for such northern latitudes. The species can be recommended for landscaping and promote its culture further north. In the context of climate change and its warming at the beginning of the XXI century, constant monitoring and continuous phenological observations of Tamarix ramosissima are important.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116719239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS OF HEATING PERIOD IN ULYANOVSK FOR 2000-2020","authors":"E. E. Parfenova, Y. Perevedentsev","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-178-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-178-184","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we considered the Ulyanovsk heating period characteristics in the period from 2000 to 2020 and their changes. Daily meteorological observations of the Ulyanovsk Civil Aviation Meteorological Station were used as the initial data. Statistical analysis showed that during the period under review, there was a noticeable warming of the cold part of the year, as a result of which the fuel consumption index decreased. It is revealed that the duration of the heating period increases due to its later finish in the spring.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121034199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH TO STUDYING THE SYMBOLIC CAPITAL OF THE COUNTRY FROM THE POSITION OF THE POPULATION EXPECTED LIFE","authors":"T. Balina, V. Stolbov, L. Chekmeneva, V.A. Gorbanyev","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-198-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-198-208","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the theoretical and methodological issues of studying the symbolic capital of the territory. In the context of strengthening social priorities in the development of the global economy, it becomes necessary to apply new methods for assessing the attractiveness and competitiveness of countries around the world. The human development index has not lost the relevance of a formalized assessment of the quality of life of the population. It affects the formation of the country's image, but does not fully reflect the qualitative changes taking place in countries of different levels of development. The image and symbolic capital of the territory is investigated from the standpoint of social geography. Speaking about the formation of the image of a region (country) within the framework of social geography, we mean the process of strategic marketing of the territory, that is, not just the creation of a short-term set of associations, but a long-term instrument of territorial governance. Understanding the value and significance of the positive image of the territory should be a necessary element of geographical research. The perspective image of the country and the region is an integral attribute, the central link of the system of strategic planning and territorial marketing. The authors propose the use of the parameter of Life expectancy as an indicator of the standard of living and physical health of the population, which forms the symbolic capital of a territory (country). The analysis of the qualitative content of the indicator of life expectancy of the population is given. The emphasis is made on the need to use a typological approach that reveals the relationship between material and spiritual well-being and the life expectancy of the population. An original typology of the countries of the world is presented, proving the thesis that the success of the socio-economic development of the country can be judged by the duration of the expected and healthy life of the population.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"61 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125574188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROLE OF TOUR OPERATORS AND TRAVEL AGENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST SECTOR IN AZERBAIJAN","authors":"Z. Imrani, E. Karimova, K. Z. Zeynalova","doi":"10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-209-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-2-209-215","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the duties, powers and functions of tour operators and travel agencies, notes their advantages and disadvantages. The general indicators of tour operators and travel agencies operating in Azerbaijan were analyzed, dynamics of domestic and foreign trips of Azerbaijani citizens, as well as the number of foreigners traveling in the territory of Azerbaijan were studied.","PeriodicalId":131329,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114489777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}