Human–Wildlife Interactions最新文献_第9页

Ecological Factors Influencing Wild Pig Damage to Planted Pine and Hardwood Seedlings 影响野猪对松木苗木危害的生态因素

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/E63F-B82A

Micah P. Fern, James Armstrong, R. Barlow, J. Kush

{"title":"Ecological Factors Influencing Wild Pig Damage to Planted Pine and Hardwood Seedlings","authors":"Micah P. Fern, James Armstrong, R. Barlow, J. Kush","doi":"10.26077/E63F-B82A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/E63F-B82A","url":null,"abstract":"Expanding wild pig (Sus scrofa) populations across the southern United States has the potential to impact longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) restoration efforts. The depredation of planted pine seedlings is the most widespread and economically costly damage caused by wild pigs in forest plantations. A better understanding of the ecological factors affecting depredation rates will allow managers to implement best management practices to reduce seedling mortality from wild pigs at their most vulnerable stage of growth. From March 2016 to March 2017, we evaluated wild pig preferences for planted pine and hardwood species at a 34.4-ha cutover site and 4.7-ha pecan (Carya illinoinensis) orchard in Bullock County, Alabama, USA. Wild pig damage differed for the 5 seedling species tested, with longleaf and cherrybark oak (Quercus pagodaefolia) being the most preferred. Ninety one percent of seedlings destroyed by wild pigs were from the cutover site. Wild pigs at the cutover site experienced substantially more hunting pressure compared to those at the other site. We believe the debris scattering practices of the logging crew following a clearcut created a desirable foraging environment that led to the initial discovery of the seedlings. The short-term protection and minimization of seedling depredation in young forest plantations may be the most realistic solution to reducing the impact of wild pigs on forestry and timber resources.","PeriodicalId":13095,"journal":{"name":"Human–Wildlife Interactions","volume":"458 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79801288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Collective effect of landfills and landscape composition on bird–aircraft collisions 堆填区和景观构成对鸟-机碰撞的集体效应

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/RCFE-Z054

M. Pfeiffer, B. F. Blackwell, T. Devault

{"title":"Collective effect of landfills and landscape composition on bird–aircraft collisions","authors":"M. Pfeiffer, B. F. Blackwell, T. Devault","doi":"10.26077/RCFE-Z054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/RCFE-Z054","url":null,"abstract":"Ninety-three percent of all reported bird strikes occur below 1,067 m, which based on the typical approach and departure angles of aircraft is within 8–13 km of an airport. Concomitantly, the Federal Aviation Administration and the International Civil Aviation Organization recommend that any feature that would attract hazardous wildlife to the approach and departure airspace be restricted. Thus, preventing the establishment of wildlife attractants, such as municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLFs) within 8 km or 13 km extents (U.S. and international recommendations, respectively) of airports, has been recommended to mitigate the risk of bird–aircraft collisions (strikes). However, robust evidence linking wildlife attractants at these spatial scales to an increase in strikes is lacking. We investigated the effect of densities of MSWLFs and construction and demolition (C&D) landfills, landscape diversity, and human population density on the adverse effect (AE; strikes that caused damage or had a negative effect on flight) bird strike rate involving species broadly associated with MSWLFs. We predicted that airports surrounded by a high density of MSWLFs, high human population densities, and high landscape diversity would increase the AE strike rate. We evaluated our predictions via generalized linear mixed models with bird strike data from 2009 through 2017 at 111 Part 139 airports. Only U.S. airports were used because of high wildlife strike reporting rates. Part 139 certificated airports are those that facilitate air carriers with >30 seats for passengers and crew. Our average model included density of MSWLFs and C&D landfills for both the 8and 13-km extent from the airports. We found no significant contribution by any variable to the AE strike rate variance. Our results indicated that the effects of landfills on AE strike rates are inconclusive. Possible explanations for our findings include the influence of unmeasured landscape features and lack of fine-scale data on bird habitat use at landfill facilities. Future research should investigate bird 3-dimensional space use in addition to bird and habitat survey techniques.","PeriodicalId":13095,"journal":{"name":"Human–Wildlife Interactions","volume":"38 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90227363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Modeling Migratory Nongame Birds: A Plea for Data 为迁徙的非种鸟建模:对数据的请求

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/4983-4FC9

G. Linz

引用次数: 0

Remote Sensing Applications for Abating Aircraft–Bird Strike Risks in Southeast Brazil 遥感技术在降低巴西东南部飞机鸟击风险中的应用

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/3Z5D-EB31

Natalia S. Novoselova, A. Novoselov, Arthur Macarrão, Guilherme Gallo-Ortiz, W. R. Silva

{"title":"Remote Sensing Applications for Abating Aircraft–Bird Strike Risks in Southeast Brazil","authors":"Natalia S. Novoselova, A. Novoselov, Arthur Macarrão, Guilherme Gallo-Ortiz, W. R. Silva","doi":"10.26077/3Z5D-EB31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/3Z5D-EB31","url":null,"abstract":"The rising number of aircraft collisions with birds requires the development of appropriate mitigation measures to control their populations in the vicinity of airports. The black vulture (Coragyps atratus; vultures) is considered one of the most dangerous species for aviation in Brazil. To better understand the spatial distribution patterns of flying vultures and the risks they may pose to aviation, we studied natural and anthropogenic superficial factors and then numerically estimated and mapped the risk of collision with birds over the Airport Safety Area (ASA) for the Amarais Airport and Presidente Prudente Airport in the southeast part of Brazil. To conduct our research, we surveyed soaring black vultures monthly between September 2012 and August 2013 from 26 points within 20-km ASA zones. We obtained the environmental parameters (i.e., relief, surface temperature, surface covering type, and anthropogenic pressure) from satellite imagery and georeferenced them with our vulture survey. The tabulated data were examined using Spearman’s rank correlation and principal component analysis to determine if any the relationships existed between vulture flight patterns and ASA environmental characteristics. We found that the contrast in surface temperatures correlated well with the intensity of vulture soaring flights. Vultures tend to soar using the strongest thermals in their surroundings. Relief parameters, including altitude above sea level, slope exposure, and inclination, were not related with the vulture soaring activity. Water bodies and roadways were the most attractive landscapes for soaring vultures. We recorded the least number of soaring vultures over the uninterrupted urbanized lands. However, the scattered enclaves of urban settlement surrounded by natural and rural landscapes were selected by soaring birds. To mitigate the bird strike risk in ASA zones, we propose that managers should plot the objects generating thermals that attract vultures on risk assessment maps and reroute aviation to avoid them.","PeriodicalId":13095,"journal":{"name":"Human–Wildlife Interactions","volume":"36 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87601266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Book Review: The Figure of the Animal in Modern and Contemporary Poetry 书评:《现当代诗歌中的动物形象》

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/ACD1-0A61

Yunxiang Yan

引用次数: 0

Worldviews and Coexistence with Coyotes 世界观和与土狼的共存

4区环境科学与生态学

Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2019-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/9781108235730.018

S. M. Alexander, D. Draper

引用次数: 3

Human–Wildlife Interactions