Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition最新文献_第4页

Etiology of rickets in Egyptian children. 埃及儿童佝偻病的病因学。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

D E Lawson, T J Cole, S I Salem, O M Galal, R el-Meligy, S Abdel-Azim, A A Paul, S el-Husseini

{"title":"Etiology of rickets in Egyptian children.","authors":"D E Lawson, T J Cole, S I Salem, O M Galal, R el-Meligy, S Abdel-Azim, A A Paul, S el-Husseini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Factors associated with the rickets found in children attending the Outpatients Department of Cairo Children's Hospital have been studied. All the children studied were small for their age with the rachitic children being significantly smaller than the controls. The clinical diagnosis of the disease was confirmed in 54 children by X-ray and plasma biochemistry. The best indicator of the disease was the enlarged epiphysis of the wrist and to a lesser extent that of the ankles. Some of the factors predisposing to rickets were assessed in the rachitic children and in age-matched controls. There was no difference in the nutrient intake of these two groups of children although intakes of energy, calcium and vitamin D, but not of protein, were lower than recommended dietary allowances. Although more of the rachitic children came from urban areas than the controls there were no significant differences in the environments to account for the occurrence of the disease. Factors contributing to the development of rickets are discussed with particular regard to aspects such as low body weight, low maternal vitamin D status and low calcium intakes which cause a high rate of utilization and metabolism of vitamin D.","PeriodicalId":13078,"journal":{"name":"Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition","volume":"41 3","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14731680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the formulae for calculating nutrient utilization rates from respiratory gas measurements in fed subjects. 饲粮受试者呼吸气体测量中养分利用率计算公式的评价。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

P J Garlick

引用次数: 0

Comparison of human growth hormone levels in children with satisfactory and unsatisfactory growth. 生长满意儿童与生长不满意儿童生长激素水平的比较。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

M M Cho, P M Han, M Thein

引用次数: 0

Rates of nutrient utilization in man measured by combined respiratory gas analysis and stable isotopic labelling: effect of food intake. 通过联合呼吸气体分析和稳定同位素标记测量的人体营养利用率:食物摄入的影响。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

P J Garlick, M A McNurlan, K C McHardy, A G Calder, E Milne, L M Fearns, J Broom

{"title":"Rates of nutrient utilization in man measured by combined respiratory gas analysis and stable isotopic labelling: effect of food intake.","authors":"P J Garlick, M A McNurlan, K C McHardy, A G Calder, E Milne, L M Fearns, J Broom","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production have been measured in healthy adults during 4 h of fasting followed by 4 h of hourly small meals. Both rates rose to new steady values during feeding, and the respiratory quotient (RQ) increased from 0.792 to 0.924. The RQ was consistent in repeat studies on any individual (coefficient of variation: 2.5 per cent), and differences between individuals were significant in the fasted but not the fed state. Simultaneous measurements were made of the rate of protein oxidation by primed constant infusion of (1-13C)leucine for 8 h. Rates were calculated from the enrichment of plasma alpha-ketoisocaproate and the production of 13CO2 in the breath, taking account of the incomplete recovery of 13CO2 and the changes in baseline enrichment resulting from natural 13C in the food. Leucine oxidation increased by 87 per cent during the feeding period. Rates of nutrient utilization were calculated from respiratory gas exchange and rates of protein oxidation. These showed that fat was predominant in the fasted state, contributing 61 per cent of total energy expenditure, compared with 27 per cent for carbohydrate and 11 per cent for protein. On feeding there was a switch to carbohydrate as the main fuel (62 per cent), with smaller contributions from fat (20 per cent) and protein (18 per cent). During feeding total utilization of each nutrient exceeded its intake from the diet, indicating storage in the body. Dietary carbohydrate was stored without conversion to fat. It is concluded that this method is useful for studying the control of nutrient utilization by food intake.","PeriodicalId":13078,"journal":{"name":"Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition","volume":"41 3","pages":"177-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14731678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal nutrition and intrauterine growth retardation. 母体营养与宫内发育迟缓。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

K Simmer, C A Iles, B Slavin, P W Keeling, R P Thompson

引用次数: 0

Zinc status and dark adaptation in patients subjected to total gastrectomy: effect of zinc supplementation. 全胃切除术患者的锌状态和暗适应:锌补充的影响。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-05-01

B Sandström, L Davidsson, L Lundell, L Olbe

引用次数: 0

Energetic efficiency and nutrient accretion in preterm infants fed extremes of dietary intake. 摄入极端饮食的早产儿的能量效率和营养增加。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-03-01

S B Roberts, A Lucas

{"title":"Energetic efficiency and nutrient accretion in preterm infants fed extremes of dietary intake.","authors":"S B Roberts, A Lucas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The role of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in the regulation of energy utilization in preterm infants was investigated by measuring energy expenditure and nutrient deposition in groups of subjects fed either banked drip breast milk (BBM) or a preterm formula (PF). Nutrient deposition was determined by combining a 3-d nutrient balance study and measurement of energy expenditure. Infants fed PF consumed 57 per cent more metabolizable energy (ME) than those fed BBM. There were significant differences between groups in energy expenditure, energy deposition and protein deposition; 76 per cent of the additional ME intake consumed by the PF-fed group was deposited while the remaining 24 per cent was expended. Infants fed PF gained weight 39 per cent faster than those fed BBM (19, compared to 14 g/kg/d), and deposited 128 per cent more fat and 86 per cent more protein. These findings indicate that nutrient deposition, rather than DIT, was the primary use of the extra ME received by the infants fed PF. However, the effect of the high energy intake on weight gain in these subjects was reduced, compared to its effect on nutrient deposition, by increases in the concentrations of fat and protein in new tissue.","PeriodicalId":13078,"journal":{"name":"Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition","volume":"41 2","pages":"105-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14692285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of the preceding day's energy intake on the energy costs of rest, arm and leg exercise. 前一天的能量摄入对休息、手臂和腿部运动的能量消耗的影响。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-03-01

O Lammert, L Garby, K Maron, G Mørk, M Thein, P Flindt-Egebak, J Krogh-Hansen

{"title":"Effect of the preceding day's energy intake on the energy costs of rest, arm and leg exercise.","authors":"O Lammert, L Garby, K Maron, G Mørk, M Thein, P Flindt-Egebak, J Krogh-Hansen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Relatively little is known about the response of the human body to perturbations in the energy intake. In particular, results of the effect of a perturbation of the preceding day's energy intake on the energy expenditure on the following day are conflicting, ranging from no effect at all to an increase in the resting metabolic rate of 12 per cent following an increase in the preceding day's energy intake of 5 MJ. In the present study, the fasting energy expenditure of rest, light arm work and light leg work was determined on days following an intake of 4, 10 and 16 MJ in seven healthy men. In each subject, the difference in energy expenditure between days following intakes on the preceding day of 10-10 (control), 10-4 and 10-16 MJ was calculated for each of the three tasks. The mean percentage differences between the days following an intake of 10-10, 10-4 and 10-16 MJ were (s.d. in parenthesis) 0.0 (4.0), +1.3 (4.0) and +0.6 (3.2) for the resting metabolic rate, -1.7 (4.0), -2.2 (3.2) and -1.7 (3.7) for arm work and +0.3 (2.0), -1.2 (2.9) and -0.3 (3.2) for leg work. When the differences for the three tasks were averaged, the results were -0.5 (1.4), -0.7 (2.4) and -0.5 (1.3) for the three combinations respectively. None of these differences were found to be statistically different from zero. Changes in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were also measured but found not to be related to the changes in energy expenditure or to the energy intakes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":13078,"journal":{"name":"Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition","volume":"41 2","pages":"141-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14692227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marginal malnutrition in school-aged Colombian girls: dietary intervention and daily energy expenditure. 哥伦比亚学龄女童的边缘营养不良:饮食干预和每日能量消耗。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-03-01

G B Spurr, J C Reina

引用次数: 0

Undernutrition and lepromatous leprosy. III. Micronutrients and their transport proteins. 营养不良和麻风病。3微量营养素和它们的运输蛋白。

Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 1987-03-01

K N Rao, K Saha, A K Chakrabarty

{"title":"Undernutrition and lepromatous leprosy. III. Micronutrients and their transport proteins.","authors":"K N Rao, K Saha, A K Chakrabarty","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present report is a continuation of our earlier studies on the complex interaction between undernutrition and leprosy. Serum levels of vitamins A and E, zinc and iron were determined in healthy control subjects and lepromatous leprosy patients belonging to an eastern state of India. Results indicated a significant lowering in the two above-mentioned fat-soluble vitamins and also a remarkable hypozincaemia in the patient group. However, serum iron levels were found to be comparable in both the groups. Also concentrations of vitamin A transport proteins such as retinol binding protein and prealbumin in sera of the lepromatous patients were significantly decreased in comparison with the control subjects. Of the two zinc-binding proteins, ie, serum albumin and alpha-2 macroglobulin, only the former was significantly reduced in the patient group. Surprisingly, though serum iron, transferrin and ferritin levels were similar in both the patient and control groups, the haemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in the lepromatous patients. The implications of these findings have been discussed. This is the first report describing the serum ferritin levels in lepromatous patients.","PeriodicalId":13078,"journal":{"name":"Human nutrition. Clinical nutrition","volume":"41 2","pages":"127-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14692287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0