ERN: Antitrust (European) (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Cartel Enforcement in the European Union: Determinants of the Duration of Investigations","authors":"Kai Hüschelrath, U. Laitenberger, Florian Smuda","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2179037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2179037","url":null,"abstract":"We provide an empirical assessment of EC cartel enforcement decisions between 2000 and 2011. Following an initial characterisation of our dataset, we especially investigate the determinants of the duration of cartel investigations. We are able to identify several key drivers of investigation length such as the Commission's speed of cartel detection, the type of cartel agreement, the affected industry or the existence of a chief witness.","PeriodicalId":130313,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Antitrust (European) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130050068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Economic Efficiency in Competition Law","authors":"Zbigniew Jurczyk","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3160504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3160504","url":null,"abstract":"<b>English Abstract:</B> The main focus of the paper is the function of economics in the current application of competition law. While advocating further economization of the law, it is seen as necessary to widen the extent to which aspects of economic efficiency encompassing static and dynamic efficiency are taken into consideration in an antitrust analysis. Much attention is devoted to these issues, while clarifying what is meant by them, how they are to be understood and implemented in the practice of antitrust authorities, as well as discussing their importance for the promotion of innovation. It is noted that accounting for the economic efficiency aspects differently in the light of competition law allows for the assessment of the market behavior of dominant companies, which traditionally has been seen as anticompetitive. This main issue of the paper is analyzed extensively and explained using the case of Microsoft, a company accused by the US and EU antitrust authorities of abusing its dominant position on the market of operating systems in that it integrated the sale of its base product Windows OS exclusively with other applications (Media Player and Internet Explorer). The differences presented in the research part of the paper as to the way Microsoft was treated by these authorities originated in their different methodology of analysis and assessment of the effects of the sales model launched by Microsoft for products offered to the PC manufacturers and their users, in spite of the US and EU antitrust authorities adopting the same evaluation standard – consumer welfare. Aspects of dynamic efficiency adequate in the assessment of the behavior of innovative firms holding a dominant position proved to be deciding. On the other side of the Atlantic, taking into account the aspects of dynamic efficiency was crucial in coming up with a lighter assessment of Microsoft’s tying compared to the European authorities’ assessment which was based largely on the structural analysis, where the benefits arising from dynamic efficiency are not visible. It is clear from the decisions made by the Commission that it favours regulation over effects generated by competition forces at a later time. <b>French Abstract:</B> L'objet principal du papier est la fonction de l'économie dans l'application actuelle du droit de la concurrence. Tout en préconisant une plus loin économisation de la loi, il est jugé nécessaire d'élargir la mesure dans laquelle les aspects de l'efficacité économique englobant l'efficacité statique et dynamique sont pris en compte dans une analyse antitrust. Une grande attention est accordée à ces questions, tout en clarifiant ce qu'on entend par elles, comment elles doivent être comprises et mises en œuvre dans la pratique des autorités de la concurrence, et en abordant leur importance pour la promotion de l'innovation. Il est noté que la prise en compte différente des aspects d'efficacité économique à la lumière du droit de la concurrence p","PeriodicalId":130313,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Antitrust (European) (Topic)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120865188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}