Human Studies最新文献_第9页

Migrations of Trust: Reasonable Trust and Epistemic Transgressions. 信任迁移:合理信任与认知越界。

IF 1 2区哲学

Human Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10746-022-09651-5

Duška Franeta

{"title":"Migrations of Trust: Reasonable Trust and Epistemic Transgressions.","authors":"Duška Franeta","doi":"10.1007/s10746-022-09651-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10746-022-09651-5","url":null,"abstract":"Despite an immense amount of literature on the topic of trust, there is still no account that offers a plausible epistemological framework for the phenomenon of reasonable trust. The main claim of this article is that reasonable trust and distrust are phenomena based upon practical knowledge, while non-reasonable trust and distrust result from dislocation of trust into different epistemic regimes. This dislocation can be observed in some of the influential theories such as cognitive and emotional accounts of trust and in the accounts understanding trust as a form of faith. Added to that, theoretical approaches introducing a strong idea of basic trust preclude observing the difference between reasonable and non-reasonable trust. In this article, I argue that reasonable trust is founded upon practical knowledge which includes knowledge of integrity of the trusted person and knowledge about a similarity of worldviews of the trust giver and the trust receiver. Furthermore, I elaborate on the ways reasonable trust and distrust are being transformed and disfigured in other epistemic regimes. Drawing mainly upon Aristotelian understanding of practical knowledge, I want to show how non-reasonable trust and distrust are manifested in the phenomena of blind trust, unconditional trust and absolute doubt and explain why non-reasonable trust and distrust can hardly be distinguished from loyalty, subordination, infatuation or calculation.","PeriodicalId":13027,"journal":{"name":"Human Studies","volume":"45 4","pages":"719-738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9676884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10373613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Face-to-Face with the Doctor Online: Phenomenological Analysis of Patient Experience of Teleconsultation. 与在线医生面对面：远程会诊患者体验的现象学分析》。

IF 0.8 2区哲学

Human Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10746-022-09652-4

Māra Grīnfelde

{"title":"Face-to-Face with the Doctor Online: Phenomenological Analysis of Patient Experience of Teleconsultation.","authors":"Māra Grīnfelde","doi":"10.1007/s10746-022-09652-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10746-022-09652-4","url":null,"abstract":"The global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has considerably accelerated the adoption of teleconsultation-a form of consultation between patient and health care professional that occurs via videoconferencing platforms. For this reason, it is important to investigate the way in which this form of interaction modifies the nature of the clinical encounter and the extent to which this modification impacts the healing process. For this purpose, I will refer to insights into the clinical encounter as a face-to-face encounter drawn from the phenomenology of medicine (R. Zaner, K. Toombs, E. Pellegrino). I will also take into account a criticism that has been expressed by various contemporary phenomenologists (H. Dreyfus, T. Fuchs, L. Dolezal, H. Carel), namely, that due to the lack of physical proximity to the other in all types of online encounters, such encounters lack significant features that are present in face-to-face encounters, with the most important of these being the possibility of attaining an empathetic perception of the other and a sense of embodied risk. As these elements are essential features of the clinical encounter, the aim of this paper is to determine whether teleconsultation exhibits these features. To do that, I will integrate phenomenological philosophy with qualitative research drawing materials from both the philosophical tradition, particularly with respect to the concepts of the face-to-face encounter and embodied risk (A. Schutz and H. Dreyfus), and qualitative research study regarding patient experiences of teleconsultation. I will argue that teleconsultation does involve both the possibility of perceiving the other empathetically and the possibility of experiencing a sense of embodied risk.","PeriodicalId":13027,"journal":{"name":"Human Studies","volume":"45 4","pages":"673-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9707169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10719371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to Start a Fight: A Qualitative Video Analysis of the Trajectories Toward Violence Based on Phone-Camera Recorded Fights. 如何开始一场战斗:基于手机相机记录的暴力轨迹的定性视频分析。

IF 1 2区哲学

Human Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10746-022-09634-6

Don Weenink, René Tuma, Marly van Bruchem

{"title":"How to Start a Fight: A Qualitative Video Analysis of the Trajectories Toward Violence Based on Phone-Camera Recorded Fights.","authors":"Don Weenink, René Tuma, Marly van Bruchem","doi":"10.1007/s10746-022-09634-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10746-022-09634-6","url":null,"abstract":"We aim to contribute to recent situational approaches to the study of interpersonal violence by elaborating the concept of trajectories. Trajectories are communicative processes in which antagonists act upon each other's bodily and verbal actions to project a direction for the interaction to take, which is then (con) tested in the exchanges that follow. We use the notion of trajectories to gain insight in how participants turn an antagonistic situation into a violent encounter, which we contrast to interactionist and micro-sociological understandings. Using ethnomethodological and conversation analytical tools, we detail the trajectories of three violent encounters, captured on phone camera recordings to answer the question how verbal and bodily exchanges project physical violence. Methodologically, our contribution shows how bodily actions can be studied in visual data. Our cases show how antagonists move the interaction toward violence by creating a metaconflict revolving around the conditions under which the interaction will become a physical confrontation; what we call the contested projection of violence. We conclude that the concept of trajectories offers a useful analytical tool to detail the shifts and turns of the interactive process-notably it's bodily dimensions- that characterize antagonism and violence. Substantially, our analysis raises questions about conceptualizations of the emotional dynamics (notably the role of dominance) of violence, as proposed by earlier micro-sociological and interactionist work. We therefore suggest that future studies engage with these issues in more detail and in larger datasets.","PeriodicalId":13027,"journal":{"name":"Human Studies","volume":"45 3","pages":"577-605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9576657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40565937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Beyond Contagion of Violence: Passionate Love and Empathy in the Thought of René Girard and Max Scheler 超越暴力的传染:雷纳·吉拉德和马克斯·舍勒思想中的激情之爱和同理心

IF 1 2区哲学

Human Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10746-021-09613-3

Bogumił Strączek