HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov最新文献

{"title":"Clinical relevance of IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism in patients with ischemic heart disease and chronic heart failure","authors":"E. V. Khazova, R. V. Valiakhmetov, Aigul R. Murzakova, O. V. Bulashova","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov108270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov108270","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cascade contributes to the development of chronic heart failure. In this way, Interleukin-6 measurement in serum is relevant for understanding a course and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. Interleukin-6 expression correlates with IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism. \u0000AIM: This study analyzes the research articles about Interleukin-6 effects and IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism in the patients with cardiovascular diseases with ischemic etiology. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic review and synthesis of findings of independent studies addressing the association between Interleukin-6 measurement and IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism in the patients with coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure, including prognosis assessment. \u0000RESULTS: The articles that were focused on the clinical features and outcomes in the patients with coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure depending on Interleukin-6 level have been analyzed. IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and its clinical significance have been introduced from the perspective of Interleukin-6 expression, C-reactive protein and lipids level in the blood. The meta-analysis data indicate the correlation between the rs1800795 and risk of coronary artery disease in comparison with homozygotes, as well as additive, recessive and dominant models. This review demonstrates relationship of polymorphism determination to left ventricular functioning, risks of chronic heart failure progression and future cardiovascular diseases. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism can provide comprehensive insights for prognosis assessment in patients with chronic heart failure.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88971212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovisual technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of closed injuries of the pancreas","authors":"F. Khadjibaev, Shuhrat K. Atadjanov, A. L. Mustafaev","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov105058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov105058","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: To date, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment and diagnostic algorithm for patients with closed pancreatic injury in cases where emergency surgery is not required. Patients with suspected pancreatic injury require the closest attention and maximum efforts aimed at establishing an accurate diagnosis. \u0000AIM: To optimize the method of diagnosis and surgical intervention for closed abdominal trauma with damage to the pancreas. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have analyzed the results of treatment of 125 patients with pancreatic injuries who were treated in the surgical department of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Aid and its branches from 20112021 among the victims, men predominated 104 (83.2%) patients, women 21 (16.8%), age ranged from 20 to 60 years. For the study, two groups of patients with damage to the pancreas with a closed abdominal injury have been formed. Group I included 84 victims in the period from 2011 to 2016 using traditional surgical interventions. Group II included 41 patients in the period from 2016 to 2021 using endovideosurgical technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with a closed injury of the pancreas. \u0000Isolated trauma of the pancreas was diagnosed in 22 (26.1%) patients, combined in 103 (82.4%). Injuries of the pancreas in case of a closed injury were localized mainly in the tail of the pancreas, less often in the head, body and isthmus. \u0000RESULTS: Resection of the pancreas was performed in the predominant number of cases with III degree of damage, when there was damage to the tail of the gland with a violation of the integrity of the MP. In group I, this volume of operation was performed in 1 out of 4 cases of distal damage to the gland, in group II, resection was also performed in 1 out of 3 cases of damage to the pancreas with degree of damage. Suturing was carried out with a hemostatic purpose in case of damage to the integrity of the blood vessel in the projection of the pancreas. It was used in 9 (10.7%) cases in group I and also in 3 (7.3%) cases in group , in both cases II and III degree of damage to the pancreas occurred. Opening of the hematoma of the pancreas was performed in 6 (7.1%) cases in group I, in 4 of which with the I degree of damage to the gland, in the II group it was performed in 3 (7.3%) cases also with I and II degrees of damage. Among our patients in group II there were 12 patients with degree I damage to the pancreas. 6 patients underwent diagnostic videolaparoscopy, bursoscopy (pancreatoscopy), drainage of the omental sac. There were no significant differences in the number of complications in patients undergoing laparotomy and laparoscopy. This indicates that both methods can adequately inspect the abdominal cavity and establish a diagnosis. \u0000Of the 125 victims with dominant damage to the pancreas, 17 (13.6%) died. According to our data on the Pancreatic Injury Mortality Scale, there were no lethal outcomes with mild severity. In the group ","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85392485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of interleukin status in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"M. Mailyan, Maksim I. Pugachev, S. Shustov, V. Salukhov, Pavel A. Livarsky","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov107281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov107281","url":null,"abstract":"A hundred years have passed since the first use of insulin as the main means of therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. During this time, significant progress has been made in the development of insulin therapy, including the development of new insulin formulations and methods of its delivery. At the same time, over the years, expanding knowledge about the immunopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, doctors are trying to reach a completely new level of possibilities in the treatment of this disease. At this level, methods of immunotherapeutic effects on those links of autoimmune chains will become available, which today limit both the therapy of patients with type 1 diabetes and the development of the idea of stem-cells transplantation due to the lack of a holistic understanding of ways to overcome post-transplant immune aggression against -cells. \u0000The review summarizes the current understanding of known interleukins involved as the most important intermediaries in the phases of initiation and immuno-mediated destruction of pancreatic -cells. The achievements in the study of the role of key interleukins in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diabetes for marking potential application points of immunomodulatory targeted therapy are considered.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86587799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between inflammatory bowel diseases and kidney diseases","authors":"O. Barysheva, R. N. Simanov","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov105170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov105170","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases occupy a significant place among all diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. According to D. Corica, the prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases ranges from 6 % to 46 %. Gastroenterologists are well aware of local intestinal manifestations of these diseases. The etiology of extra-intestinal manifestations is still unclear. However, it is well known that these injuries are not limited to the intestines and one of the target organs is the kidneys. The following review presents the analysis of possible pathogenetic mechanisms of intestinal and kidney lesions, such as Crohns disease, ulcerative colitis and urolithiasis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis and amyloidosis of the kidneys.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84992904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of E. faecium probiotic and autoprobiotic in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"N. V. Bakulina, S. Tikhonov, E. Ermolenko, M. Kotyleva, N. Lavrenova, Yulia G. Topalova, V. Simanenkov, A. Suvorov","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov104795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov104795","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract regulate eating behavior and metabolic processes. A number of probiotic strains have a positive effect on glucose and insulin metabolism. A series of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of autoprobiotic therapy in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The efficacy and safety of an indigenous strain of Enterococcus faecium in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes has not been studied in the past. \u0000AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of products containing the probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium L3 or the indigenous strain Enterococcus faecium in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 were randomized into two groups: group of probiotic therapy with an industrial strain of Enterococcus faecium L3 (11 patients); group of autoprobiotic therapy based on an indigenous strain of Enterococcus faecium (9 patients). Therapy was for 14 days. Before and 10-14 days after the end of therapy, anthropometric parameters were assessed; psychometric testing was carried out; biochemical parameters of blood serum were studied. The intestinal microbiota was studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction. \u0000RESULTS: Probiotic therapy based on Enterococcus faecium L3 and autoprobiotic therapy based on indigenous Enterococcus faecium had no significant effect on glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 DM. In the Enterococcus faecium L3 group and the group of indigenous Enterococcus faecium there was a significant decrease in gastroenterological complaints on scales of the GSRS questionnaire. Patients in both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the total bacterial mass, an increase in the quantitative content of Lactobacillus spp., a decrease in the population of Bifidobacterium spp. and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium L3 and the indigenous Enterococcus faecium do not have a significant effect on the metabolism of glucose and insulin, while they contribute to a similar change in the component composition of the microbiota and a decrease in the severity of gastroenterological complaints.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75879740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital healthcare in the Russian Federation: the current stage of transformation","authors":"T. S. Fil","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov101609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov101609","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the information about the current stage of digital transformation of the healthcare sector of the Russian Federation. The first part of the article presents the basic concepts and processes of the digital transformation, digital economy, digital rights, necessary for understanding the foundations of digital transformation in the healthcare sector. The article highlights the main laws and regulations on the process of digital transformation in the Russian Federation, technologies and services introduced mainly in the state healthcare system. The final part discusses the prospects and ethical problems of digital transformation. The article targets students, clinical residents, graduate students of medical universities, doctors and other healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81963047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A modern view of the processes of mechanotransduction in healthy and damaged skin: review","authors":"I. V. Pavlenko, Vitaly N. Gostev, Kirill V. Andriukhin","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov104610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov104610","url":null,"abstract":"Questions concerning the study of mechanotransduction in the skin are currently of interest to many researchers, especially those engaged in the study of the problem of high-quality surgical treatment of soft tissue wounds. The possibility of developing new ways of treating various pathologies of the integumentary tissues, including wound defects, depends on understanding the processes of transmission and transformation of mechanical stimuli coming to skin cells into chains of biochemical reactions. The review presents the main historical stages of the development of scientific knowledge about mechanotransduction, describes the features of mechanotransduction in integumentary tissues, currently known mediators and signaling pathways that realize the transmission of mechanical influences from the cell surface to its nucleus, and also suggests possible directions for using this phenomenon in practice. The work also noted changes occurring at the cellular level during the recoding of mechanical signals in wounds prone to slowing down natural healing processes chronic wounds. We believe that one of the promising trends in the practical application of mechanotransduction is the possibility of using its effects when stretching the skin during the treatment of wound defects of soft tissues.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84620086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, anxiety and asthenia in patients with comorbidity of chronic heart failure and iron deficiency","authors":"M. Smirnova, P. Chizhov, A. A. Baranov","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov88681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov88681","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: A common comorbid pathology in patients with chronic heart failure is iron deficiency, as well as depressive and anxiety disorders. \u0000AIM: To study the frequency and severity of depression, anxiety and asthenia in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: 290 patients, 78 men and 212 women (mean age 71.29 8.11 years) with chronic heart failure, functional class IIIV, have been examined. All the patients underwent clinical examination, a 6-minute walk test; a general blood test, the level of NT-proBNP, iron, transferrin, and ferritin in blood serum have been studied; the percentage of transferrin saturation with iron has been calculated. The presence of iron deficiency has been diagnosed on the basis of the following criteria: a decrease in the level of serum ferritin (less than 100 g/L) or ferritin in the range from 100 to 299 g/L and saturation of transferrin with iron less than 20 %. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) has been used to determine the presence and severity of depression and anxiety in points; the presence and severity of asthenia have been evaluated according to MFI-20 asthenia scale. \u0000RESULTS: It has been found that in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency, depression and anxiety are diagnosed significantly more often than in patients without iron deficiency. In addition, in patients with iron deficiency, the severity of depression, anxiety and various manifestations of asthenia are significantly greater. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: In chronic heart failure, iron deficiency predisposes patients to the development of depression and anxiety and an increase in various manifestations of asthenia.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88934735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadequate rehabilitation after multi-level revascularization as a risk factor of low quality of life","authors":"N. I. Glushkov, P. Puzdriak, M. Ivanov, K. Chizhova, Anastasiya N. Agurbash","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov105030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov105030","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Reconstructive surgery of multilevel lesions in peripheral atherosclerosis has been undergoing changes over the past decades. The spectrum of such interventions includes conventional, endovascular and hybrid technologies. Due to the fact that the main goal of treatment is to preserve the limb, the outcome of the surgical intervention directly affects the quality of patients life; however, there is insufficient data in the literature on the tactics of postoperative rehabilitation of patients who underwent surgery for a multilevel lesion. Randomized clinical trials aimed at studying the effectiveness of walk training and rehabilitation measures demonstrate an increase in walking distance in people with peripheral atherosclerosis against the background of controlled physical exertion. \u0000АIM: To assess the effect of rehabilitation program on the vital activity levels in the patients who suffered from multilevel peripheral arterial disease in a long-term period after revascularization. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 216 patients with MPAD who underwent various lower limb revascularization, including 87 patients with hybrid interventions, 81 open surgery and 48 with endovascular interventions. The patients have been examined both in perioperative and postoperative periods as well as in a long-term period (36 months) after reconstruction. Depending on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of the proposed rehabilitation program, such indicators as limb preservation, walking distance and quality of patients life have been evaluated in accordance with the EQ-5D questionnaire. \u0000RESULTS: In the early postoperative period, a decrease in the number of thrombosis of the operated segment has been registered in the group of hybrid interventions in comparison with the results in the group with open operations. In the long-term period after the operation, the use of complex rehabilitation measures allowed to reduce the number of amputations and stabilize the maximum walking distance. Walk training provided the necessary level of quality of life, which, in most cases, has been recorded in the patients who underwent hybrid interventions. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The composition and fullness of rehabilitation program is a circumstance affecting long-term outcomes after reconstructive vascular interventions. The exclusion of walk training from the rehabilitation program does not allow achieving the maximum frequency of limb preservation, increasing the walking distance and improving the quality of life of patients suffering from multilevel lesion of the arteries of the lower extremities.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74764980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and genetic predictors of cardiovascular events as the risk of an unfavorable course and outcomes of novel coronavirus infection","authors":"E. S. Bratilova, V. A. Kachnov, V. V. Tyrenko, S. N. Kolyubaeva","doi":"10.17816/mechnikov87291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov87291","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous data indicate a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases against the background of a novel coronavirus infection, including initially healthy individuals. The development of complications such as cardiac rhythm disturbances, myocardial injury, acute coronary syndrome aggravates the severity of the disease and the prognosis. Moreover, signs of structural and functional damage of the cardiovascular system are detected after recovery, which makes prevention issues especially relevant. Various non-modifiable risk factors for the severe course of COVID-19, such as gender, age, heredity, race, environment, can determine the development of complications, including heart disease. In this matter, genetic characteristics are also important. The literature review presents possible genetic predictors and the mechanism of their influence on the development of cardiovascular complications and the severe course of novel coronavirus infection. The identification of specific genetic predictors can determine biological mechanisms that are relevant to diagnostic and treatment strategies. Moreover, recognizing people at high or low risk of severe COVID-19 can contribute to understanding the course of infection in different people and the development of cardiovascular complications. In addition, the determination of genetic markers contributes to the early detection of developing cardiovascular complications against the background of the novel coronavirus infection and elaboration of the personalized prevention strategy.","PeriodicalId":12949,"journal":{"name":"HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81105460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}