Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18最新文献

{"title":"An Exploratory Qualitative Study on Indonesian Mothers' Needs and Concerns about Having a Thalassemic Child and Its Treatment","authors":"Henny Suzana Mediani, Ikeu Nurhidayah, Ai Mardhiyah, R. Panigoro","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10008d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10008d","url":null,"abstract":"Thalassemia is a major genetic blood disorder that considered as a public health problem in Indonesia. Yet, little is known about affected individuals thalassemic children and parents overall experiences with and perceptions of thalassemia mayor in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore the concerns, beliefs, feelings and needs of mothers' who have a thalassemic child. A total of (N=24) mothers' were chosen as participants. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out to better elucidate the mothers' perceptions of their needs and concerns. A semi-structure focus group moderator’s guide corresponding to the research questions was developed. To gain in-depth understanding, questions were divided in four major domains which were (i) Perceptions about child disease, (ii) Knowledge about thalassemia and its treatment, (iii) Thalassemia impact on child and family, and (iv) Needs and future concerns. Transcripts were thematically coded according to the research themes that emerged from the data, and the themes were further sorted into subthemes. The finding of this study indicates significant impact of thalassemic children on their families in terms of emotional well-being, financial burden and social impact. Mother’s education level was very low about Thalassemia. Mother also expressed their needs for more information about thalassemia and its treatment, social, professional support, and financial support. Results of this study provided a portrait of the reality that thalassemia has a significant impact on children and their families. A holistic approach should be carried out while caring with thalassemic children and their families. Nurses and health care professionals should explore the feelings, concerns and needs of mothers' who have thalassemic children and eventually provide appropriate care plans that alleviate their suffering.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78413656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholelithiasis and Its Management: A Clinical Study","authors":"C. Mohan, J. Kabalimurthy, R. Jayavarmaa","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2278f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2278f","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study was carried out to investigate the clinical presentation, incidence, and variations in presentation among different age/sex groups, as well as the various modes of management of Cholelithiasis. \u0000Methods: From October 2016 to September 2018, this study was undertaken in our hospital's department of general surgery on 50 patients who arrived with symptoms and signs suggestive of gallstones and were confirmed as Cholelithiasis based on radiological and laboratory evidence.  The management of the disease, and postoperative complications and histopathological evaluation of the specimen were done and the results were correlated with various other studies. \u0000Results: Between the ages of 17 and 79, the most people are afflicted.Almost all of the patients had dyspepsia and right hypchondrial discomfort.The diagnosis of cholelithiasis was confirmed in 100% of the patients by USG abdomen.In our study, the average age of the patients was 48 years. Gallstones of various types were the most common.Cholesterol stones are next on the list, followed by pigment stones.52% of the patients were female. All the 50 patients were treated surgically, 39 open cholecystectomy and 11 laparoscopy cholecystectomy. All 50 gall bladders sent for HPE, out of which 49 reported as chronic cholecystitis and 1 reported as adenocarcinoma. \u0000Conclusion: Cholelithiasis is most usually found as incidental finding on ultrasonography, especially in the fourth or fifth decade of life.Surgery was planned for the symptomatic individuals after USG confirmation. The procedure of choice is laparoscopic cholecystectomy.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84640413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Cutaneous Tuberculosis: Issues in the Diagnose","authors":"Y. C. Hechavarria, T. Maria, L. Varona, Esema Christopher, Ayesha Binte Ashfaq","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/11038d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/11038d","url":null,"abstract":"Liquen scrofulosorum, also known as tuberculosis cutis lichenoides, is a rare tuberculid that presents as lichenoid eruptions of minute papule, is an uncommon disease and easily misdiagnosed. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, closely grouped, skin colored to reddish-brown papules, often perifollicular. The eruption usually is associated with a strongly positive tuberculin reaction. Diagnosis of the lesions can be difficult, as they resemble many other dermatological conditions that are often primarily considered. A report a case of lichen scrofulosorum in an adult male with a florid medical history is done with the objective of determinate the effectivity of the antitubercular therapy, was revealed the promptly responded to antitubercular therapy of the patient with a complete clearance of the lesions after one month. \u0000Background: This case highlights the uncommon easily misdiagnosed but readily treatable case of lichen scrofulosorum.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75081788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Diligence","authors":"Joseph L. Lewis III, MFS","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2569f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2569f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77194438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Odontoblast TRPC5 in Dentin Hypersensitivity","authors":"T. Bhople, Priyanka Zille Bhople","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10718d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10718d","url":null,"abstract":"Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a relatively common painful condition among dental problems for which several treatment options have been tested. Although many studies have been performed regarding the diagnosis and treatment of DH, dental professionals are still confused about the definite diagnosis and treatment. The neurosensory mechanisms for dentin hypersensitivity are still unclear. According to the hydrodynamic theory, DHS is related to fluid movements within exposed dentinal tubules. Although, this theory cannot explain for all pain associated with DHS. TRPC5 also known as transient receptor protein 5 (TRP-5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPC5 gene. In this chapter we will study the role of odontoblasts when equipped with the cold-sensor TRPC5 along with TRPA1, can lead to sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76796770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Five Cases of an Accessory Left Vertebral Artery on the Aortic Arch","authors":"Guinevere Granite, K. Lashley, G. Wind","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/11507d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/11507d","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular variations of the head and neck are common, but often go unnoticed because they generally do not present clear clinical symptoms. Lack of awareness of the presence and location of such variations may result in iatrogenic complications or even fatalities. Physicians and surgeons should be cognizant of such variations given their potential clinical significance. \u0000Vertebral artery variations are prevalent in both number and origin, but documented infrequently in the literature. Each of the five case studies described here: a White 65-year-old male (Case 1), a White 89-year-old female (Case 2), a White 80-year-old female (Case 3), a White 96-year-old female (Case 4), and a White 95-year-old female (Case 5), presented with an accessory left vertebral artery originating from the aortic arch, between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. This is the most common place for variations of this type in the literature. All five cases, however, also presented with a left vertebral artery branching from the left subclavian artery. For Cases 1 and 3, the accessory left vertebral artery coursed cranially and entered the foramen transversarium at the C5 level. For Case 2, it entered at the C3 level. For Cases 4 and 5, it entered at the C4 level. With a prevalence rate of 7.81%, among a population of 64 donors randomly selected and undergoing cadaveric review, this anatomical variant illustrates the potential frequency, and thus, the clinical importance of extensive anatomical understanding of head and neck vascular variations.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76024880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study of Congenital Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North East Region, India","authors":"Kangjam Radhesana Devi, R. Devi, J. Priya, Ahanthembi Sanaton, L. R. Singh, L. Murray","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/3032f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/3032f","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital anomalies are described as structural and functional abnormalities, including metabolic problems, apparent at birth, and are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in infants. These birth defects are caused by poor embryogenesis or intrinsic anomalies in the development process, and they are linked to a number of risk factors. \u0000Methods: Our research took place at the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences in Imphal over the course of a year and a half, from May 2016 to October 2017. The study's goal was to determine the prevalence of congenital malformations and the proportions of various types of congenital defects.Maternal age, religion, parity, gestational age, baby's sex, outcome, and birth weight were all investigated.           \u0000Results: There were 91 congenital anomalies in total, out of 13658 births.Congenital anomalies were found in 0.66 percent of the population.Cleft lip was the most prevalent congenital defect (17.6%), followed by CTEV (13.2%), and was more common in male term newborns. These were most common in the maternal age group of 18-24 years (34.1%), followed by 30-34 years (26.4%), and women of parity P0-P2. \u0000Conclusions: Stillbirths and infant mortality are frequently caused by congenital abnormalities. At 18-20 weeks, a level II targeted scan should be performed to detect anomalies and lower the prevalence. There should be comprehensive education in the community about common congenital abnormalities, their outcomes, and possible treatment options.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79543038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training and Evaluation of a Knowledge-Based Model for Automated Treatment Planning of Multiple Brain Metastases: An Advanced Study","authors":"V. Dumane, T. Tseng, R. Sheu, Y. Lo, Vishal Gupta, Audrey Saitta, K. Rosenzweig, S. Green","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10941d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10941d","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) has been utilized to plan and treat multiple cranial lesion metastases using a single isocenter due to its ability to provide steep dose gradients around targets as well as low doses to critical structures. VMAT treatment is delivered in a much shorter time compared to using a single isocenter for the treatment of each lesion. However, there is a need to develop methods to reduce the treatment planning time for these cases while also standardizing the plan quality. In this work we demonstrate the use of RapidPlan, which is a knowledge-based treatment (KBP) planning software to plan multiple cranial SRS cases. \u0000Methods: 66 patient plans with 125 lesions (range 1-4, median 1) were used to train a model. In addition, the model was validated using 10 cases that were previously treated and chosen randomly. The clinical plans were compared to plans generated by RapidPlan for target coverage and critical organ dose. \u0000Results: Coverage to the target volume, gradient index (GI), conformity index (CI) and minimum dose to the target showed no significant difference between the original clinical plan versus the plan generated by KBP. A comparison of doses to the critical organs namely the brainstem, brain, chiasm, eyes, optic nerves and lenses showed no significant difference. Target dose homogeneity was slightly better with the clinical plan, however this difference was also statistically insignificant. \u0000Conclusion: This work demonstrates that KBP can be trained and efficiently utilized to help decrease the treatment planning time while standardizing and optimizing treatment plan quality.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85791068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas: Clinico-Radiological Evaluation","authors":"B. Sharma, Shweta Sharma, Shashi Sharma, Akriti Sharma, Mir Rizwan Aziz","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10032d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/10032d","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is also known as bleeding fibroma since it is highly vascular tumour.. This is a benign tumour that is locally aggressive and bleeds in prepubescent and young adults. The tumour expands due to the potential space available in the nasopharyngeal area without much of the resistance JNA requires early and accurate diagnosis by cross sectional modalities with the background setting of  clinical symptomatology. This will helpful in early management and can avoid various future complications. \u0000Case Presentation: We present two cases of JNAs where the role of contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is highlighted. These  two examples of adolescent nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) were diagnosed at at differing stages with the help of CECT reformatted reconstructed 3D images.. \u0000Conclusion: We lay a high value on the clinico-radiological evaluation in concluding the diagnosis. The adequate pre-operative radiological staging is required for the surgical management","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86408315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOETAL Organ Implantation into Adult Animals: A Model for In vivo Culture of Stem Cells?","authors":"V. Coulic, V. N. Novikov, F. Mboti, P. Delrée","doi":"10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2425f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v18/2425f","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Presently stem cell implantations are more and more developed and applied in clinics as alternative and complementary solutions to adult organ transplantation because of the growing demand and capacities to provide these interventions, while lack of donors is patent. But some limitations of stem cell use remain (for instance integration within the recipient organism of engineered tissues and organoids obtained in vitro from stem cells). The use of foetal organ implantation into adult animals may be an alternative for in vivo study of stem cell development and evaluation of the host participation to this process. The objectives of this work were to try different foetal organ implantations into adult animals (part I) and to evaluate their use for repairing experimental lesions of some adult organs (part II). \u0000Material and Methods: \u0000Part I: In > 650 experiments on rats and mice, different sites of foetal organ syngeneic implantation were proposed. Physiological (electric activity, motor and secretion activity) and morphological (per illumination, ultra sound and magnetic imaging, optic and electron microscopy) methods were used for implant development evaluation during up to 12 months. \u0000Part II: Foetal heart and foetal digestive organs were tested for both oesophagus circular defect and heart thermic lesion repair (38 and 29 rats).Trials with foetal pancreas implantation were provided in rats with diabetes induced by Streptozotocin and/or protein deficit and in a small pilot group of diabetic patients. \u0000Result: \u0000Part I: After a “dedifferentiation” phase, foetal organ implants could grow following ontogenetic pattern but – at least in our experimental conditions - some of them were not able to re-organize as a whole functional adult organ. The factors enhancing or limiting the organoid formation are considered. \u0000Part II: Foetal heart implants were proved to enhance heart lesion morphological and functional repair. Foetal oesophagus, stomach or intestine fragments combined with chitosan flaps ensured a complete restoration of the oesophagus wall after oval or segmental resection. Implantation of foetal pancreas was able to reverse Streptozotocin induced diabetes and to prevent chronic glucose disorders following protein deprivation in rats. In patients temporary positive influence was noted. \u0000Conclusion: Implantation of different foetal organs into syngeneic adults may constitute a valuable model for theoretical studies of in vivo stem cell differentiation and organoid growth. The ear implantation site deserves special attention. Some interesting applications are possible and worthwhile to be discussed and developed.","PeriodicalId":12942,"journal":{"name":"Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 18","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84659360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}