Health policy and planning最新文献

{"title":"Impact of social health insurance reforms on income inequality: evidence from China's urban-rural residents' medical insurance integration scheme.","authors":"Miao Yu, Xizi Wan, Youyi Deng","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between social health insurance reforms and income inequality has not been thoroughly examined with the domain of social policy research. This study employs data from the China Family Panel Studies spanning 2014-20 and employs a staggered difference-in-difference model to examine the association between China's Urban-rural Residents' Medical Insurance Integration reform and the urban-rural income disparity, as well as related changes in household health and income. Our findings indicate that the reform has significantly reduced the income gap, a result that is consistent across multiple robustness checks. Notably, the improvement in the health status and economic conditions of rural households is consistent with the reduction in urban-rural income inequality, while no comparable changes were observed among urban households, which were not directly affected by the reform. Furthermore, the reform's effectiveness was most pronounced among households with lower dependency ratios and those with lower incomes. The impact of the policy was particularly significant in regions characterized by advanced healthcare infrastructure and higher levels of economic development. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between social health insurance reform and income inequality, while offering suggestive insights into how changes in health and economic conditions may be associated with this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":" ","pages":"1226-1241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing intervention effects on healthcare-related financial protection in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid evidence review.","authors":"Krista Kruja, Nouria Brikci, Maria Paola Bertone, Sophie Witter","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Financial protection is a key goal for universal health coverage, but globally, this indicator has been lagging, especially for low-income households. Understanding how to improve it is urgent. This rapid evidence review examined the effectiveness of interventions, which affected financial protection in health across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A systematic search of published literature identified empirical studies reporting on outcomes such as out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), catastrophic spending, impoverishment, and care foregone for financial reasons, with data extracted and categorized using structured tools. A narrative synthesis was used to interpret the evidence. The review included 214 studies published between 1999 and 2024, covering interventions in 39 countries. About one-quarter of studies assessed equity, often revealing mixed or regressive effects. Financial protection is affected through multiple channels, but evaluations still largely focus on health-sector-specific interventions, failing to examine potentially impactful wider policies. Insurance schemes were the most studied intervention type, with mixed results. Demand-side financing, such as vouchers or cash transfers, and user fee reforms often struggled to benefit the poorest due to structural barriers and indirect costs. Provider payment reforms were more likely than other categories to show adverse effects, including unintended supplier behaviour changes that drove up OOPE and costs to the system. Less frequently evaluated interventions, such as social protection and behaviour change programmes, showed some positive effects. Whilst no single intervention consistently ensured financial protection, the evidence points to the value of interventions that act across multiple sectors and health areas. Designing reforms with an explicit objective of improving financial protection, with local context, system capacity, and equity in mind and adjusting based on continuous monitoring, can support achievement of improved and equitable financial protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":" ","pages":"1307-1333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147928750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aid, debt, International Monetary Fund conditionalities and domestic health financing in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Frederik Federspiel, Josephine Borghi","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), public external debt burdens as well as the number of International Monetary Fund (IMF) loan conditionalities have grown over time. These externally derived macro-fiscal factors, along with official development assistance (ODA), may influence the fiscal space for health and policy decisions that co-determine to what extent countries finance their health systems with domestic government funds (GHE-S), and to what extent they rely on household out-of-pocket payments (OOP). The levels and balance of these sources have great implications for health service access and health outcomes, particularly among poorer population groups. However, we did not identify studies that have jointly examined how these key external factors are associated with GHE-S and OOP, nor compared their correlation sizes. This is key for understanding which might be the most effective policy levers for pursuing universal health coverage (UHC). We performed a panel data study of 105 LMICs from 2005 to 2019, investigating associations between GHE-S and OOP, and a set of ODA-, public external debt- and IMF programme, and conditionality variables. We used the generalized method of moments estimator and performed a range of robustness checks. Increases in ODA via the recipient country public sector were associated with modest reductions in both OOP and GHE-S, measured per GDP. Increases in public external debt servicing per GDP were associated with slight relative increases in OOP and slight relative decreases in GHE-S per CHE. We found no relationship between IMF programme participation or conditionalities and GHE-S or OOP. Our findings support less donor concern of aid fungibility in the health sector, while adding that both on- and off-budget ODA for health also appear to modestly subsidize OOP. Our findings for debt indicated a small shift in the burden of payment from the government onto the user from increasing public external debt servicing. This provides some added support to calls for debt resolution among more heavily indebted LMICs to avoid the negative health service access implications from OOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":" ","pages":"1049-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147987255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does increasing overall health expenditure reduce inequality in under 5 mortality rates between provinces in Indonesia?","authors":"Iván Ochoa-Moreno, Noémi Kreif, Taufik Hidayat, Sari Kurnia, Budi Hidayat, Susan Griffin","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While public health expenditure is widely assumed to reduce health inequalities, empirical evidence from low- and middle-income countries remains limited. This study examines whether increases in public health spending in Indonesia between 2010 and 2017 reduced inequalities in under-five mortality (U5MR). We combined two approaches to assess distributional effects of health spending. First, we used a dynamic panel System-GMM model to estimate the impact of public health expenditure on within-province inequality in U5MR, measured by the concentration index across household wealth quintiles. Second, we applied instrumental variable quantile regression to identify heterogeneous treatment effects across provinces with different baseline mortality burdens. In addition, we estimated the average effect of public health expenditure on U5MR levels and found no statistically significant impact. The results show that higher public health spending increased inequality in U5MR across socioeconomic groups, with wealthier households capturing a disproportionate share of the mortality reductions. By contrast, we find no statistically significant heterogeneity in the impact of spending between high- and low-mortality provinces. These results suggest that increases in spending were not well-targeted to disadvantaged groups or high-mortality regions. Our findings demonstrate that raising overall levels of public spending is not sufficient to reduce health inequalities unless resources are explicitly directed towards disadvantaged groups and underserved areas. This study provides a proof of concept for applying distribution-sensitive methods to assess the equity impact of health financing, offering lessons that remain highly relevant for Indonesia's post-JKN reforms and contributing to global debates on equity-weighted evaluation, benefit incidence, and the distributional consequences of health spending in LMICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":" ","pages":"1242-1254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences and perceptions around uptake of different TB preventive therapy regimens: An exploratory study in Gauteng and Limpopo, South Africa.","authors":"Aneesa Moolla, Michael Galvin, Lezanie Coetzee, Nozipho Musakwa, Patricia Leshabana, Jacqui Miot, Denise Evans","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czag051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TB preventive therapy (TPT) is one of three key interventions for reducing TB in South Africa, but uptake and completion rates remain low. In South Africa, the current TPT options include isoniazid and rifapentine or isoniazid and rifampicin. Evidence and lessons learned from programmatic uses of isoniazid preventative therapy (IPT) could provide operational advice to enhance the implementation of new TPT regimens. We conducted 28 in-depth provider interviews (IDIs) to elicit experiences of and preferences for the different TPT regimens between 04/2022 and 12/2022 in the City of Johannesburg, Gauteng and Greater Tzaneen sub-district, Mopani district, Limpopo Provinces. We used purposive sampling to recruit doctors (n=7), pharmacists (n=8) and nurses (n=13) in high and low volume TB and/or HIV facilities. IDIs were recorded for quality, transcription, and translation purposes. Data analysis was conducted using a thematic approach in NVivo 11. We present provider preferences and perspectives for TPT uptake. The most important attributes relating to preferences for TPT regimens attributes among healthcare providers included medication safety, efficacy and low pill burden. Despite valid preferences for different regimens, healthcare service providers had varied experiences around factors that influence the uptake of the different TPT regimens they offered at their facilities. Many providers indicated that patient booking errors, missing patient records, staff shortages, long queues, medication side effects and limited understanding of the benefits of TPT were reasons for poor patient TPT uptake and adherence. Limited knowledge was attributed to a lack of educational materials and insufficient staff-patient engagement time. Providers noted that increased clinician awareness and patient counselling contribute to a higher rate of TPT prescriptions, as well as improved patient uptake and adherence. Thus counselling, staff training, side-effects management, and improved file documentation are key factors for TPT uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing justice and sustainability through health system resilience under economic sanctions.","authors":"Reza Majdzadeh, Haniye Sadat Sajadi","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czaf091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prolonged economic sanctions-often framed as non-military tools-have increasingly harmed health systems, especially where institutional and policy capacities are fragmented. Despite the growing debate on sanctions, documented analyses of health system responses remain scarce. This study examines Iran to assess how prolonged sanctions shaped its health policy architecture and resilience capacity, with attention to compounded crises such as COVID-19. Phase one synthesized seven empirical studies conducted by the authors-including document reviews, interviews, Delphi, and policy analyses-to assess how resilience principles were embedded across the four stages of the health policy cycle: agenda-setting, policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. These findings formed the foundation for Phase two, which applied an expanded Theory of Change (ToC) framework to reconstruct policy logics, surface implicit assumptions, and identify institutional breakpoints. After modelling the ToC, a panel of experts reviewed and validated the findings, ensuring methodological rigour and contextual accuracy in mapping resilience under sanctions. The findings indicate that while Iranian health authorities implemented adaptive measures, responses were shaped by fragmented coordination, untested assumptions, and limited structured learning systems. Resilience limitations emerged during implementation and were embedded in early design phases, not fully anticipated or addressed, given the complex and uncertain policy environment. This study offers an analytical framework for mapping resilience in policy systems under long-term constraints. Building on identified governance and design weaknesses, we recommend strengthening international legal safeguards; establishing protected humanitarian corridors; institutionalizing risk-informed planning; routine scenario-based resilience testing; and feedback-driven learning mechanisms within national policy systems. These capacities are essential to absorb shocks and enable adaptive, inclusive, sustainable responses. By clarifying structural domains where resilience can be embedded in advance, the analysis offers guidance for countries under comparable pressures to target strategies in governance, planning, and resource protection. This provides a transferable blueprint for strengthening justice-oriented health systems under long-term constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":"41 Supplement_1","pages":"i38-i52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Governance: Negotiating justice for health services in informal urban settlements in Dhaka, Bangladesh.","authors":"Bachera Aktar, Kim Ozano, Sabina Faiz Rashid, Linda Waldman, Sally Theobald","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czaf081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czaf081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the complex governance landscape of public health service delivery in the informal urban settlements of Dhaka, Bangladesh, through the application of Hybrid Governance and Urban Political Ecology (UPE) frameworks. Rapid urbanization and insufficient state capacity have led to the development of informal settlements, where conventional governance structures are absent. In this context, hybrid governance systems emerge, which are characterized by collaborations and conflicts among formal authorities, non-state and informal actors, and local community members. In-depth empirical data were drawn from multi-method qualitative research applying community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches, conducted between 2021 and 2023, in two informal urban settlements in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This paper introduces a \"Multi-layered Hybrid Governance\" (MHG) framework that explains the complex governance arrangements of public health service delivery in informal urban settlements. The MHG framework features the fragile yet resilient nature of collaborations between formal authorities (state-level governing bodies), formal governance actors (elected local government representatives) and their informal representatives (community leaders, local elites), private service providers (including NGOs), and community members, revealing how public health services are negotiated and legitimized within these informal contexts. The findings suggest that hybrid governance is a form of community resilience that can enhance service delivery in the absence of effective state intervention. However, it can also reinforce existing inequalities and introduce new challenges to residents, especially to those without political connection or strong social networks. This paper urges policymakers and researchers to look beyond conventional health governance models and recognize the limitations of the existing systems. By presenting the MHG framework as an analytical tool for learning health systems from the perspectives of those on the margins, we advocate for more inclusive, resilient governance approaches for promoting justice and ensuring sustainability within fragmented urban health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":"41 Supplement_1","pages":"i5-i16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing health systems-advancing justice and sustainability through research, policy and practice.","authors":"Stephanie M Topp, Prashanth N Srinivas, Neha Batura, Eleanor Whyle, Kabir Sheikh","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":"41 Supplement_1","pages":"i1-i4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can innovation strengthen resilient, just and sustainable health systems in disaster-prone settings? Insights from HSR2024.","authors":"Nanuka Jalaghonia, Rumana Huque, David Daniels","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czag036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czag036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health systems in disaster-prone settings face recurrent shocks that expose and often deepen existing inequities. Increasingly, innovation, particularly digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI), is positioned as a pathway to strengthen resilience, responsiveness, and accountability. Drawing on insights from innovation-focused sessions at the 8th Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, this commentary examines whether and under what conditions innovation can contribute to resilient, just and sustainable health systems. We define disaster-prone settings as contexts repeatedly exposed to acute shocks and chronic stressors, such as climate events, outbreaks, and displacement, where service delivery is periodically disrupted and recovery shapes long-term system trajectories. Across diverse examples, including digital dashboards, interoperable data systems, AI-supported decision tools, and community-driven innovations, the symposium highlighted how innovations can improve detection, coordination, and service continuity, particularly during crisis conditions. These approaches can make populations previously invisible to the health system visible, strengthen real-time decision-making, and support anticipatory action. However, the analysis shows that innovation does not inherently produce equitable outcomes. Digital and AI-enabled tools may reproduce or even intensify existing exclusions if they rely on unrepresentative data, lack interoperability, or operate without transparent governance and accountability. Many technologies remain at an early stage, with evolving evidence on effectiveness and equity impacts, placing policymakers in a position of making decisions in uncertainty. In disaster contexts, where rapid decisions and weakened oversight are common, these risks are amplified. We argue that innovation strengthens resilience and justice primarily when accompanied by institutional readiness and governance capacity. This includes clear mandates, regulatory frameworks, ethical safeguards, and mechanisms for iterative learning that translate evidence into practice. Equally important are participatory approaches that ensure communities shape design and decision-making, rather than being passive data sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":"41 Supplement_1","pages":"i53-i57"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of community health workforce governance in federal Nepal.","authors":"Roosa Sofia Tikkanen, Sushmita Pokhrel, Usha Ghimire, Biraj Neupane, Svea Closser, Bernadette Nirmal Kumar","doi":"10.1093/heapol/czaf088","DOIUrl":"10.1093/heapol/czaf088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How Community Health Worker (CHWs) programs are governed shapes their performance. CHW governance can be challenged by CHWs' accountability to both governments and their communities, and the need to coordinate between multiple actors. Furthermore, little is known about how decentralization impacts CHW governance. We examined Nepal's Female community health volunteers (FCHV), where a 2015 constitutional change to federalism-a major governance reform representing one form of decentralization-shifted the responsibility for community health governance to local municipalities. We assessed FCHV governance in the federal landscape and provide preliminary insights into how federalization has impacted FCHV governance in its early years. We identified opportunities and challenges brought by federalization for six actors: federal, provincial and municipal governments, international donors, FCHVs and their representative organizations (unions), and non-governmental organizations. Our qualitative case study comprised 26 semi-structured interviews and five focus groups conducted with FCHVs, health workers, federal and municipal government representatives, researchers, and FCHV union, donor and NGO representatives, across four districts in Bagmati Province, combined with analysis of 259 documents. We analysed these data using a theoretical framework of CHW governance adapted from seven existing frameworks on health workforce and community health governance. We show that FCHV governance was characterized by improved accountability, transparency, participation, and responsiveness to local needs, to some extent. Decentralization remained incomplete, with governance challenged by limited budgetary and administrative decision-space at local levels, in part because of continued central-level control and limited revenue-raising capacity, coordination, and enforcement challenges, as well as lack of role clarity. While donors and NGOs participate in decision-making, FCHVs and their representative organizations are not consistently consulted. The results indicate that strengthening FCHV governance in federal Nepal will require capacity-building of municipalities while loosening the federal grip.</p>","PeriodicalId":12926,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and planning","volume":"41 Supplement_1","pages":"i17-i37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}