{"title":"Ageing of high voltage cable insulation","authors":"D. Mills, P. Lewin, G. Chen","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996194","url":null,"abstract":"There is great interest in understanding the ageing and degradation of electrical insulation in an effort to improve its lifetime and efficiency. This paper investigates the affect artificial ageing by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has on the charge movement in 100 μm low density polyethylene (LDPE) films. Ageing takes place under a 254nm, 36W, fluorescent tube, in 3 and 7 day intervals up to a total of 17 days. Chemical changes are analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate oxidation products. Samples are boiled in xylene to investigate changes in cross linking due to the UV ageing. The electrical properties are analyzed in terms of electrical strength, relative permittivity, dielectric loss and charge movement. Charge movement is investigated through space charge profiles using the pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) technique. The emission of a faint light, known as electroluminescence (EL) is also investigated to interpret charge movement near the electrode-polymer interface. Results suggest that increases in oxidation products result in the easier conduction and recombination of charge carriers due to the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, supported by a reduced EL emission. Space charge measurements suggest increased quantity of deep trapping sites due to slow charge decay.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"269 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134140806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hikita, M. Kozako, H. Takada, Masayuki Hayashi, M. Higashiyama, T. Hirose, Yusuke Nakamura, S. Nakamura, T. Umemura
{"title":"X-ray irradiation induced discharge of spherical void in epoxy resin","authors":"M. Hikita, M. Kozako, H. Takada, Masayuki Hayashi, M. Higashiyama, T. Hirose, Yusuke Nakamura, S. Nakamura, T. Umemura","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996199","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial for proper insulation design of cast resin transformer to consider voids and delamination which might exist in cast molding process and/or under long-term operation because of several surface boundaries between resin and conductor. Should such defects in the insulation system exist, it would lead to reduction of the life of the apparatus. In this report, we investigate the relation between the void size and apparent charge of partial discharge (PD) occurring in a model simulating the insulation system of cast resin transformer. It is also important to determine necessary PD detection sensitivity of PD test in a factory as well as in a field. In addition, we investigate X-ray irradiation induced discharge of spherical void in epoxy resin. Physical consideration of the effect of X-ray irradiation on void discharges in epoxy resin was also made. Time lag of void discharges in epoxy resin was also made with attenuation of X-ray irradiation dose considered.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130360578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nyanteh, L. Graber, C. Edrington, S. Srivastava, D. Cartes
{"title":"Overview of simulation models for partial discharge and electrical treeing to determine feasibility for estimation of remaining life of machine insulation systems","authors":"Y. Nyanteh, L. Graber, C. Edrington, S. Srivastava, D. Cartes","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996172","url":null,"abstract":"Partial discharge (PD) produces characteristic indications and patterns about the state of an insulation system, which can be studied via computer numerical simulations. Whilst experiments are critical to understanding how these PD patterns affect the aging of insulation systems through the formation and growth of electrical trees, they are also difficult and expensive to setup and actual physical effects sometimes take days and even months to show up. Accurate numerical simulation models can be a workaround, in such a scenario, to aid in studies related to condition monitoring of insulation materials. This paper is a prelude to research into developing prognosis tools for machine condition monitoring. Here we provide an overview of simulation attempts with respect to modeling partial discharge and electrical treeing. A comparison of different simulation approaches is given as per research objective and fidelity to reported experimental data. The reported studies have been used to explore the suitability of using models to extract information from these two phenomena to determine the health of insulation systems, especially in regards to rotating machines, on shipboard power systems with emphasis on the notional concept of an all-electric ship (AES).","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124865500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of deterioration of PET insulation with multiple voids due to electrical stressing","authors":"D. Adhikari, D. Hepburn, B. Stewart","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996135","url":null,"abstract":"The insulation systems of high-voltage power cables and their accessories are subjected to different kinds of stresses during their service life and thus suffer degradation and deterioration. These can lead to a reduction of life which in turn can lower the reliability of electrical power systems. Therefore, a lot of research activities are being carried out to get a better understanding of the insulation degradation phenomena. Polymeric insulating materials with excellent electrical properties are widely used in electrical power equipment. They are degraded however when they are subjected to partial discharges (PD). Deterioration of polymeric dielectrics by Partial Discharge occurs at defects in an insulation system. The degree and rate of deterioration might vary depending on the type of defect present and also on the number and position of the defect in the insulation. The type of defect studied in this paper is the most common one — air voids present in insulation. The model void is created using layers of polymer, to allow well defined structures. To determine the changes to the surface of the voids as a result of the chemical processes produced by PD, the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum of the polymer specimens subjected to PD were examined.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125113473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiences with diagnostics on complete in-service MV cable feeders","authors":"Peter C. J. M. van der Wielen Kema, E. Steennis","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996176","url":null,"abstract":"By using an on-line continuous condition monitoring system, many problems in cable connections can be detected before leading to an outage. The system used for the experiments in this paper is capable of detecting and locating weak spots in complete cable feeders, continuously and while the cable remains on-line, by using only two sensors for the complete cable connection. The system uses partial discharges (PDs) that originate from weak spots in the cable as its diagnostic principle. For MV cables, joints en terminations, detection of partial discharges is proven to be a reliable method. However, this statement is only valid if the PDs are measured correctly and interpreted reliably. The paper summarizes the measuring principles that guarantee the correct detection of partial discharges. The main part of the paper discusses field experiences and results. The system was designed for application on existing, sometimes old, cable connections. However, some interesting phenomena have been observed in new cable feeders too. This, together with the basic principles behind the technology, makes the system extremely applicable in the majority of practical field situations. From the first field experiences important lessons have been learned to increase the reliability of the interpretation. Partial discharge signals are being measured, but risks on failures are produced.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121957259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utilization of Repetitive Surge Oscillograph (RSO) in the detection of rotor shorted-turns in large turbine-driven generators","authors":"I. Kerszenbaum, C. Maughan","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996186","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the RSO technique for the detection of shorted-turns in the field winding of large synchronous generators with cylindrical rotors has become more widely accepted in North America in the last few years. The test procedures have been previously described in a number of publications. However, interpretation of the RSO traces haven not been well defined, and the benefits and limitations of its application are not well understood. Using some recent experience, this paper is intended to provide guidance on signal interpretation and to clarify the main advantages and limitations of the application of the RSO testing.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115932287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple-arc propagation over an ice surface","authors":"S. Farokhi, M. Farzaneh","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996168","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, DC discharge propagation on an ice surface was photographed using a high-speed camera and the corresponding voltage and current waveforms were recorded. Due to the importance of the arc root, which supplies the required energy to the discharge column, the effect of the presence of multiple arcs on the propagation mechanism was investigated. It was observed that the propagation features for an arc with both ends on the ice surface differs from that with one end on the ice and the other on a metallic electrode. The effect of the presence of multiple arcs and position of air gaps were studied and compared with the propagation of a single arc with one root on the ice surface.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116639729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A method for the measurement of leakage current due to surface discharge at the oil-pressboard interface","authors":"H. Zainuddin, P. M. Mitchinson, P. Lewin","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996112","url":null,"abstract":"Surface tracking is the conducting path formed on the surface of an insulation material as a result of surface currents. Tracking has commonly been associated with solid insulation in air such as overhead line insulators but is now recognized to occur at the oil-pressboard insulation interface inside large transformers. The surface current is effectively the drift of charge under the action of an electric field which may be either the general electric field or a locally enhanced field developed around a space charge. A needle-bar configuration has been developed to promote surface tracking under controlled conditions at the oil-pressboard interface without surface flash-over or breakdown. This method is used to study the leakage current associated with surface discharge applied from a high voltage source on the oil-pressboard interface. This paper outlines the experimental set-up and presents results which compare the measured current against the corresponding partial discharges. Subsequently a mechanism describing the process by which leakage current is formed is proposed","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128901116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoxing Wei, Z. Jia, Zhihai Xu, Huafeng Su, Z. Guan, Xiangyang Pen, Senjing Yao
{"title":"Thermal and voltage distribution along insulator strings with semiconducting RTV coatings","authors":"Xiaoxing Wei, Z. Jia, Zhihai Xu, Huafeng Su, Z. Guan, Xiangyang Pen, Senjing Yao","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996154","url":null,"abstract":"Icing problems led a great damage to the power network over the world recent years and a lot of ways dealing with this problem are proposed. Semiconducting RTV coating applied to insulators was first put forward in 2007 and it makes a significant role in defeating the ice accretion on insulator surface. It's main advantage in anti-icing are combination of hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transfer based on the ordinary RTV and the Joule heating effect created by the leakage current. This paper focus on the distribution of voltage and the heat effect of the semiconducting RTV applied to suspension insulator during freezing condition. The thermal distribution along the insulator string with semiconducting RTV coating applied with service voltage in cold condition is investigated using an infrared FLIR. And the distribution of the 7-units 110kV insulator strings is calculated by using finite element analysis. Results showed that the range of the resistance of the semiconducting RTV applied on insulator as a coating is about 106∼107 Ω can get a suitable temperature rise during the cold condition and the voltage distribution is uniform with semiconducting RTV.","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124048994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hinteregger, T. Judendorfer, M. Muhr, S. Berlijn, A. Olsen, S. F. Statnett
{"title":"Voltage withstand tests on a full scale overhead line tower model for line upgrading","authors":"M. Hinteregger, T. Judendorfer, M. Muhr, S. Berlijn, A. Olsen, S. F. Statnett","doi":"10.1109/EIC.2011.5996180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIC.2011.5996180","url":null,"abstract":"In times of rising electrical energy demands, higher transmission capacities are getting more and more important; in Europe as well as all over the world. The construction of new overhead lines is not only cost and time intensive, but it is also difficult to get permits. For that reason the trend is towards upgrading the existing grid to higher operating voltage levels, which raises issues in terms of insulation coordination. Especially the dimensioning of required clearances at the overhead line towers is an important point to ensure a safe electricity transmission. These clearances are influenced by the lengthened insulator string as well as environmental factors. In a cooperative research project between Statnett SF1) and Graz University of Technology a full scale model of a part of an affected overhead line tower has been designed and constructed. Using this model, impulse voltage tests have been performed for several gaps to investigate the gap factor and the withstand behavior. Furthermore the given gap factors in the European standard EN 50341 [1] have been evaluated and compared with the experimental values within the project. This paper will present the development of the model and a summary of the results of the full scale tests as well as some background on the required clearances","PeriodicalId":129127,"journal":{"name":"2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC).","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124985761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}