Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII最新文献

{"title":"The near-infrared planet searcher (NIRPS) (Conference Presentation)","authors":"R. Doyon, F. Bouchy, É. Artigau, O. Hernandez, F. Wildi, C. Melo, P. Vallée, S. Thibault, X. Delfosse, C. Lovis, F. Pepe, P. Figueira, V. Reshetov, N. Santos, L. Malo, M. Ouellet, D. Brousseau, R. Rebolo-López, N. Blind, Uriel Condo, Stéphane Dry, J. G. Hernández, B. Chazelas, B. C. Martins, J. D. Medeiros","doi":"10.1117/12.2313050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313050","url":null,"abstract":"NIRPS (Near Infra Red Planet Searcher) is a new ultra-stable infrared ( YJH) fiber-fed spectrograph that will be installed on ESO’s 3.6-m telescope in La Silla, Chile. Aiming at achieving a precision of 1 m/s, NIRPS is designed to find rocky planets orbiting M dwarfs, and will operate together with HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher). In this paper we describe NIRPS science cases, present its main technical characteristics and its development status.","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116068431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEC: the MKID exoplanet camera for high contrast astronomy at Subaru (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Walter, B. Mazin, C. Bockstiegel, Neelay Fruitwala, P. Szypryt, Isabel Lipartito, S. Meeker, N. Zobrist, Giulia Collura, G. Coiffard, P. Strader, O. Guyon, J. Lozi, N. Jovanovic","doi":"10.1117/12.2311586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2311586","url":null,"abstract":"Direct Imaging of exoplanets is one of the most technically difficult techniques used to study exoplanets, but holds immense promise for not just detecting but characterizing planets around the nearest stars. Ambitious instruments at the world’s largest telescopes have been built to carry out this science: the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI), SPHERE at VLT, SCExAO at Subaru, and the P1640 and Stellar Double Coronagraph (SDC) at Palomar. These instruments share a common archetype consisting of an extreme AO system feeding a coronagraph for on-axis stellar light rejection followed by a focal plane Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS). They are currently limited by uncontrolled scattered and diffracted light which produces a coherent speckle halo in the image plane. A number of differential imaging schemes exist to mitigate these issues resulting in star-planet contrast ratios as deep as ~10^-6 at low angular separations. Surpassing this contrast limit requires high speed active speckle nullification from a focal plane wavefront sensor (FPWS) and new processing techniques. \u0000\u0000MEC, the Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) Exoplanet Camera, is a J-band IFS module behind Subaru Telescope’s SCExAO system. MEC is capable of producing an image cube several thousand times a second without the read noise that dominates conventional high speed IFUs. This enables it to integrate with SCExAO as an extremely fast FPWS while eliminating non-common path aberrations by doubling as a science camera. Key science objectives can be further explored if longer wavelengths (H and K band) are simultaneously sent to CHARIS for high resolution spectroscopy. MEC, to be commissioned at Subaru in early 2018, is the second MKID IFS for high contrast imaging following DARKNESS’ debut at Palomar in July 2016. \u0000\u0000MEC will follow up on young planets and debris disks discovered in the SEEDS survey or by Project 1640 as well as discover self-luminous massive planets. The increased sensitivity, combined with the advanced coronagraphs in SCExAO which have inner working angles (IWAs) as small as 0.03” at 1.2 μm, allows young Jupiter-sized objects to be imaged as close as 4 AU from their host star. If the wavefront control enabled by MEC is fully realized, it may begin to probe the reflected light of giant planets around some nearby stars, opening a new parameter space for direct imaging targeting older stars. While direct imaging of reflected light exoplanets is the most challenging of the scientific goals, it is a promising long-term path towards characterization of habitable planets around nearby stars using Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). With diameters of about 30-m, an ELT can resolve the habitable zones of nearby M-type stars, for which an Earth-sized planet would be at ~10^-7 contrast at 1 μm. This will complement future space-based high contrast optical imaging targeting the wider habitable zones of sun-like stars for ~10^-10 contrast earth analogs.\u0000\u0000We will present lessons lea","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126807073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The wide field optical spectrograph (WFOS) for TMT: fiber-WFOS optical design (Conference Presentation)","authors":"R. Kupke, Hangxin Ji, S. P. Nadar, Devika K. Divakar, L. Gilles","doi":"10.1117/12.2313674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313674","url":null,"abstract":"TMT’s wide field optical spectrograph is a multi-object, first-light instrument with broad continuous wavelength coverage (0.310 – 1.0 m) at a moderate spectral resolution of R = 5000. The international WFOS design team has recently completed the downselect of two design approaches: a slicer-based monolithic architecture and a fiber-based modular concept. We present here the end-to-end conceptual design for the fiber-based optical spectrograph. Included are the front-end focal reduction optics for coupling light into the fibers, the spectrograph collimator and camera optics, and the dispersive architecture for each color channel. The highly multiplexed fiber-WFOS presents a unique design challenge in keeping costs for the modular spectrographs low while maintaining performance gains afforded by the TMT, and in particular the TMT plus ground-layer adaptive optics (GLAO). A full performance analysis including predicted spectral resolution and throughput is presented for the design.","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133183953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRIRES+ on its way to VLT (Conference Presentation)","authors":"R. Follert, R. Dorn, A. Brucalassi, P. Bristow, A. Hatzes, U. Seemann, N. Piskunov, A. Lavail, B. Klein, C. Cumani, C. Moins, D. Ives, E. Stempels, E. Oliva, I. Molina-Conde, J. Lizon, M. Haug, Siegfried Eschbaumer, T. Marquart, U. Heiter, S. Tordo, R. Hinterschuster, Yves Jung, J. Paufique, A. Haimerl, J. Stegmeier, J. Kirchbauer, C. Schmidt, E. Valenti, L. Pasquini, A. Reiners, H. Anwand-Heerwart, K. Hauptner, Tim Umlauf, Peter Jeep, P. Rhode, C. Marvin","doi":"10.1117/12.2314150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314150","url":null,"abstract":"The CRIRES upgrade project (CRIRES+) will improve the performance and observing efficiency of the successful adaptive optics (AO) assisted CRIRES instrument. CRIRES was in operation from 2006 to 2014 at the 8m UT1 (Unit Telescope) of the Very Large Telescope (VLT, Cerro Paranal, Chile) observatory accessing a parameter space (wavelength range and spectral resolution) largely uncharted back then.\u0000\u0000CRIRES+ will be commissioned in summer 2018 at UT3 of the VLT. It will provide a spectral resolution of R=50.000 or 100.000 in an accessible wavelength range of 0.95 – 5.3 μm (YJHKLM bands). For each band there is a separate, performance optimized reflection grating as the cross dispersing element. The slit length of 10 arcsec will provide, in combination with the new focal plane array of three HAWAII 2RG detectors, cross-dispersed (7 – 9 orders simultaneous) echelle spectra. In total, the observing efficiency will be improved by a factor of 10 comparing CRIRES+ and CRIRES. Furthermore, the upgraded instrument will be equipped with a number of novel wavelength calibration units, including a gas absorption cell optimized for use in K band and an etalon system. A spectro-polarimetric unit will allow the recording of circular and linear polarized spectra. The new metrology system will ensure a very high system stability and repeatability. Last but not least the upgrade will be supported by dedicated data reduction software allowing the community to take full advantage of the new capabilities.\u0000\u0000The full system is being integrated at ESO and system testing has commenced. Acceptance of the instrument in Europe (PAE) is scheduled for the second quarter of 2018. Commissioning at the VLT observatory will start mid 2018. This article gives an overview of the final configuration of the instrument. The instrument will be available to the astronomic community from Spring 2019 with a call for proposals in October 2018.","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128754189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIRADAS: the facility multi-object medium-resolution NIR spectrograph for the GTC (Conference Presentation)","authors":"S. Eikenberry, S. N. Raines, R. Stelter, A. Garner, Y. Dallilar, K. Ackley, J. G. Bennett, B. Chinn, S. Mullin, S. Schofield, C. Warner, F. Városi, Bo Zhao, Sophia A. Eikenberry, C. Vega, Veronica H. Donoso, Christian Carrera, Denisse Almeida, Gabriel Fuentes, J. Sabater, Jose M. Gomez, Francisco Garzón López, P. López, J. Rosich, Anthony Russo, A. Marín-Franch, A. Larman, M. Carrera, G. Fitzgerald, Ian Prees, T. Stolberg, Peter A. Kornik, A. Ramaprakash, M. Burse, S. Punnadi, P. Hammersley","doi":"10.1117/12.2313482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313482","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115769679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The OCTOCAM instrument concept at Gemini and beyond (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. U. Postigo, C. Thöne","doi":"10.1117/12.2309465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122602492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Around the world: status and prospects with the infrared vortex coronagraph (Conference Presentation)","authors":"O. Absil, M. Karlsson, D. Mawet, B. Carlomagno, V. Christiaens, D. Defrére, C. Delacroix, Julien H. Girard, C. G. Gonzalez, S. Habraken, P. Hinz, E. Huby, A. Jolivet, M. Kasper, H. Käufl, M. Kenworthy, K. Matthews, J. Milli, G. O. D. Xivry, E. Pantin, P. Piron, M. Reggiani, A. Riggs, E. Serabyn, J. Surdej, E. V. Catalán","doi":"10.1117/12.2312783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312783","url":null,"abstract":"Since its first light at the VLT in 2012, the Annular Groove Phase Mask (AGPM) has been used to implement vortex coronagraphy into AO-assisted infrared cameras at two additional world-leading observatories: the Keck Observatory and the LBT. In this paper, we review the status of these endeavors, and briefly highlight the main scientific results obtained so far. We explore the performance of the AGPM vortex coronagraph as a function of instrumental constraints, and identify the main limitations to the sensitivity to faint, off-axis companions in high-contrast imaging. These limitations include the AGPM itself, non-common path aberrations, as well as the data processing pipeline; we briefly describe our on-going efforts to further improve these various aspects. Based on the lessons learned from the first five years of on-sky exploitation of the AGPM, we are now preparing its implementation in a new generation of high-contrast imaging instruments. We detail the specificities of these instruments, and how they will enable the full potential of vortex coronagraphy to be unleashed in the future. In particular, we explain how the AGPM will be used to hunt for planets in the habitable zone of alpha Centauri A and B with a refurbished, AO-assisted version of the VISIR mid-infrared camera at the VLT (aka the NEAR project), and how this project paves the way towards mid-infrared coronagraphy on the ELT with the METIS instrument. We also discuss future LM-band applications of the AGPM with VLT/ERIS, ELT/METIS, and with a proposed upgrade of Keck/NIRC2, as well as future applications at shorter wavelengths, such as a possible upgrade of VLT/SPHERE with a K-band AGPM.","PeriodicalId":129032,"journal":{"name":"Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131127570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}