HAND最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated With Complications and Reoperations in Distal Interphalangeal Joint Fusion.","authors":"Cameron Roth, Dafang Zhang, Kyra A Benavent, Brandon E Earp, Philip E Blazar","doi":"10.1177/15589447251334671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251334671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This objective of this study was to identify risk factors for complications and reoperations after distal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was performed of all patients who underwent isolated distal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis between 2006 and 2019 at an integrated health system consisting of 2 Level I trauma centers and 2 community teaching hospitals. Demographics, implant, and treatment characteristics were collected from the medical record. The primary outcome was complication, and the secondary outcome was reoperation. Bivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with our study outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 209 fingers in 187 patients were included in this study. The radiographic union rate of our cohort was 96.7%. Forty patients (21.4%) had a postoperative complication, and 30 patients (16.0%) underwent reoperation. The use of a graft was significantly associated with decreased risk of reoperation, however, smoking, diabetes mellitus and type of implant were not associated with complication or reoperation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there are no specific risk factors associated with negative outcomes, the use of graft was associated with a decreased reoperation rate.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III, Therapeutic.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"813-818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interosseous Membrane Reconstructions for Longitudinal Radioulnar Instability: A Cadaveric Comparison.","authors":"A Jordan Grier, Scott E Dart, Patrick Marinello, Lisa Ferrara, Bryan Loeffler","doi":"10.1177/15589447251336400","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251336400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple options exist for reconstruction of the interosseous membrane (IOM) including biologic and nonbiologic materials. In this study, we present the biomechanical properties of reconstruction of the IOM using suture button suspension with and without pronator teres (PT) tendon rerouting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 8 cadaveric specimens, radioulnar displacement was tested for the following successive conditions: intact specimen, IOM release with radial head (RH) resection, IOM reconstruction with PT tendon transfer alone, and PT transfer augmented with a suture button suspension construct with and without RH replacement. Specimens were cyclically loaded with 3 compression cycles to 130 N using a uniaxial materials test apparatus. Radioulnar displacement was the primary endpoint measured by the crosshead displacement. A repeated measure 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test was used for statistical analysis using <i>P</i> < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interosseous membrane reconstruction with a PT soft-tissue graft supplemented with a suture button suspension construct with concomitant RH arthroplasty did not significantly decrease mean radioulnar displacement (PT Recon w/ RH: 2.99 ± 1.92 mm, TightRope w/ RH (2.88 ± 1.56 mm, <i>P</i> > .05). The use of suture button suspension augmentation did not significantly increase the stiffness of the PT IOM reconstruction construct when used concomitantly with an RH arthroplasty (PT Recon w/ RH: 82.48 N/mm, TightRope w RH: 71.51 N/mm, <i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pronator teres transfer with suture button augmentation effectively restores radioulnar stability. No significant differences in stability were observed between PT transfer with and without suture button suspension augmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"752-758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Visualization of Scaphoid Fractures: A Three-Dimensional Study Comparing Dorsal and Volar Approaches.","authors":"Scott Telfer, James N Winters, John T Heineman, Nicholas Iannuzzi","doi":"10.1177/15589447251336398","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251336398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimal surgical approach for visualizing fractures of the scaphoid in different locations is often unclear. In this study, we aimed to define and quantify the observable surface areas of different surgical approaches for scaphoid fractures. In addition, we looked to demonstrate the utility of handheld 3D surface scanning for the in situ measurement of visible bone using different approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six cadaveric specimens each underwent 3 surgical approaches to the scaphoid: dorsal, before and after the removal of the dorsal ridge soft tissues (DRST), and volar. Three-dimensional (3D) surface scans were taken of both the in situ surgical field and, after the approaches were completed and visible regions marked, the excised bone. The overall area and locations of the exposed bone were determined, and the area of bone measured within the surgical field scan and excised bone compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of the overall visible surface area, the dorsal approach with DRST removed provided the most exposure, followed by the volar approach, and the dorsal approach with intact DRST. For visualization of the scaphoid waist, the volar approach was found to provide the surgeon with the greatest visible surface area. The 3D surface scanning technique was found to accurately capture in situ morphology of the exposed bone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from this study help inform the best surgical approach to use for fractures of the scaphoid. Three-dimensional surface scanning may be used to quantify exposed regions of bone and may be a useful tool for teaching and as part of a surgical guidance system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"759-764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and Distribution Analysis of Mechanoreceptors and Free Nerve Endings in the Annular Pulleys of the Flexor Tendons of the Hand.","authors":"Sângelo André Ribeiro Abreu, João Pedro Barreto Rocha, João Antônio Soares de Sousa, Lana Lacerda de Lima, Maria Luzete Costa Cavalcante, Diego Ariel de Lima","doi":"10.1177/15589447251334670","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251334670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hand is essential in enabling physical interaction with the environment, with the annular pulleys playing a key role in its functionality. These fibrocartilaginous structures, located along the flexor tendons, are vascularized and may contain nerve endings and mechanoreceptors, aligning tendons with the bones to optimize finger flexion. However, their innervation remains poorly understood, limiting therapeutic advancements for flexor tendon conditions, such as stenosing tenosynovitis (trigger finger). This study aims to analyze the presence and distribution of mechanoreceptors and free nerve endings in the A1 annular pulley to provide insights for improved surgical and therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty A1 pulleys from the ring fingers were obtained from fresh-frozen cadavers. The pulleys were submitted to cryostat sectioning. The sections were subjected to immunofluorescence with the PGP 9.5 (protein gene product 9.5) and confocal microscopy analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed the presence of type I mechanoreceptors (Ruffini corpuscles) in a subset of samples, while type IV free nerve endings were consistently found in all specimens. Both types of neural structures were primarily located at the medial and lateral fibrocartilaginous insertions of the A1 pulley, highlighting specific areas of sensory innervation within the structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study contributes to the anatomical characterization of the A1 pulley, highlighting the presence and distribution of mechanoreceptors and free nerve endings. While the clinical implications of these findings remain uncertain, they may serve as a basis for future research on proprioception, sensory feedback, and potential surgical considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"778-784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Usability of ChatGPT Responses Compared to Other Online Information in Hand Surgery.","authors":"Ophelie Z Lavoie-Gagne, Oscar Y Shen, Neal C Chen, Abhiram R Bhashyam","doi":"10.1177/15589447251329584","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251329584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool with potential to increase accessibility of health information. This study aimed to: (1) assess usability of online medical information for hand surgery topics; and (2) evaluate the influence of medical consensus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three phrases were posed 20 times each to Google, ChatGPT-3.5, and ChatGPT-4.0: \"What is the cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?\" (high consensus), \"What is the cause of tennis elbow?\" (moderate consensus), and \"Platelet-rich plasma for thumb arthritis?\" (low consensus). Readability was assessed by grade level while reliability and accuracy were scored based on predetermined rubrics. Scores were compared via Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests with alpha set to .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Google responses had superior readability for moderate-high consensus topics (<i>P</i> < .0001) with an average eighth-grade reading level compared to college sophomore level for ChatGPT. Low consensus topics had poor readability throughout. ChatGPT-4 responses had similar reliability but significantly inferior readability to ChatGPT-3.5 for low medical consensus topics (<i>P</i> < .01). There was no significant difference in accuracy between sources. ChatGPT-4 and Google had differing coverage of cause of disease (<i>P</i> < .05) and procedure details/efficacy/alternatives (<i>P</i> < .05) with similar coverage of anatomy and pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to Google, ChatGPT does not provide readable responses when providing reliable medical information. While patients can modulate ChatGPT readability with prompt engineering, this requires insight into their health literacy and is an additional barrier to accessing medical information. Medical consensus influences usability of online medical information for both Google and ChatGPT. Providers should remain aware of ChatGPT limitations in distributing medical information.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"833-839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11993548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telerehabilitation After Zone 1 and 2 Flexor Tendon Repairs: Comparison With In-Person Therapy.","authors":"Zeynep Emir, Sedanur Güngör, Kadir Çevik, Egemen Ayhan","doi":"10.1177/15589447251339498","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251339498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telerehabilitation (TR) gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic, showing promising outcomes for remote hand therapy tendon repairs. This study compares remote and in-person hand therapy outcomes for flexor tendon repairs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, nonrandomized comparative clinical study included 23 patients, 25 fingers with flexor tendon repairs in zones 1 and 2. Participants were divided into 2 groups: telerehabilitation (TR) group, 9 patients (10 fingers), and in-person therapy (IP) group, 14 patients (15 fingers). All surgeries were performed under wide-awake anesthesia, followed by early controlled active motion therapy with a dorsal blocking orthosis. Telerehabilitation sessions were conducted via a smartphone video conferencing app. Total active motion (TAM) and disability levels (the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire [DASH]) were evaluated at 6, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Groups were compared based on TAM scores, DASH scores, and extension deficit degrees.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TR group included 3 women (33.3%) and the IP group did 6 women (42.9%) while median age was 27 years in TR and 33 years in IP group. Both groups showed significant improvements in TAM and DASH scores over time (<i>P</i> < .001). There were no significant differences between the TR and IP groups at each assessment in DASH scores, TAM scores, and extensor deficit degrees (<i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical outcomes indicate that remote and in-person hand therapy provide similar results for patients with flexor tendon repairs in zones 1 and 2. Telerehabilitation is a viable alternative to traditional hand therapy and can be integrated into clinical practice due to its comparable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"846-855"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thumb Radial Collateral Ligament Injuries Show Greater Rates of Metacarpophalangeal Subluxation Compared With Thumb Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries: A Comparative Imaging Analysis.","authors":"John F Hoy, Caitlin M Ward, Jason H Kim, Xavier C Simcock","doi":"10.1177/15589447251338586","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251338586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ulnar and radial collateral ligaments (UCL and RCL) of the thumb are essential lateral stabilizers of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint. Despite anatomical and biomechanical findings suggesting a higher rate of MCP joint subluxation after RCL injury compared with that of UCL injury, this has not been clinically substantiated. This study examines and compares imaging of the thumb MCP joint in patients with operative RCL versus UCL injuries of the thumb.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred seventy-five operative thumb injuries were retrospectively reviewed, consisting of 131 UCL injuries, 40 RCL injuries, and 4 concomitant UCL and RCL injuries. Preoperative radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were assessed for volar MCP joint subluxation, classified by severity based on percentage subluxation from grade I to IV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On radiographs, the mean percent subluxation was 16.6 ± 10.2% for UCL injuries compared with 35.5 ± 16.2% for RCL injuries. On MRI, the mean percent subluxation was 30.4 ± 16.5% for UCL injuries compared with 43.8 ± 18.8% for RCL injuries. On radiographs, 0.8% of UCL injuries were classified as grade III or IV subluxation, while 22% of RCL injuries were classified as grade III or IV subluxation. On MRI, 11.6% of UCL injuries were classified as grade III or IV subluxation, while 23.5% of RCL injuries were classified as grade III or IV subluxation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radial collateral ligament injuries show significantly higher volar subluxation of the MCP joint compared with UCL injuries on both plain radiographs and MRI. This has implications for operative indications of complete RCL injuries to help restore joint congruity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"737-743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Appraisal of the Statistical Approaches Used in Within-Individual Observations in Hand Surgery.","authors":"Rawan ElAbd, Natasha Barone, Yasmina Richa, Uyen Do, Stephanie Thibaudeau, Osama Samargandi","doi":"10.1177/15589447251352123","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251352123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hand surgery studies often include data from multiple hands, digits, or joints from 1 individual without using appropriate statistical approaches to assess within-individual observations, allowing for potential bias regarding treatment effects. We critically appraised the statistical methods used among studies, including dependent observations in hand surgery literature. All publications from the year 2020 to 2022 were retrieved from PubMed for 5 hand surgery journals. Studies containing ≥5 participants who performed a hand intervention in the operating theater were included. The proportion of patients with nonindependent observations and the proportion of nonindependent observations were calculated. A total of 10 128 articles were screened, of which a total of 465 studies were identified. Of these, 124 studies (27%) included multiple hands, joints, or digits from 1 individual. Only 79 (64%) studies provided data on the number of the digits, hands, and joints from a given patient. Of these, the proportion of patients with nonindependent observations was 14%. The proportion of nonindependent observations was 26%. Sixty-seven percent of articles did statistical comparisons between groups, but only 14.5% used methodological adjustments for within-patient relationships. Of the 71 studies that did not do proper statistical adjustments, 63 (88.7%) reported at least one significant result. In conclusion, there is a significant amount of nonindependent observations from single individuals and limited studies accounting for multiple observations in hand surgery literature. Most studies that did not do statistical adjustments for nonindependent observations still reported a significant finding, which raises the risk of bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"698-704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12313603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New-Onset Dupuytren After Surgical Treatment of Carpal Tunnel and Trigger Finger.","authors":"Raquel Maroto-Rodríguez, María Tibau-Alberdi, Mercè Font Bilbeny, Guillem Paz Ramírez, Maria Fernanda Gómez Blanco, Andrés Pérez Prieto, Paola Barrera Veloza, Miguel Picallo Fernández, Tania Chicaiza García","doi":"10.1177/15589447251339503","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251339503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dupuytren disease is a progressive fibrotic condition of the hand that often leads to contractures. Although its etiology remains multifactorial, recent studies suggest potential associations with surgical interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and trigger finger (TF). Understanding the incidence and risk factors for Dupuytren disease development following these procedures may improve postoperative management and early detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 426 patients who underwent surgical treatment for CTS or TF. The incidence of Dupuytren disease development postsurgery was assessed, and data on demographics, comorbidities, occupational factors, and type of surgery were collected. Statistical analysis, including odds ratio (OR) calculations, was used to identify risk factors associated with Dupuytren disease onset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven percent of the study population developed new-onset Dupuytren disease within an average of 15.2 weeks postsurgery, with most cases presenting as early-stage nodule formation. The fourth digit was most commonly affected (73.3%). Significant associations were observed between Dupuytren disease onset and comorbidities, such as rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 3.24) and shoulder capsulitis (OR = 9.7), as well as occupational factors like manual labor and vibration exposure (OR = 2.45). Patients treated for TF had a 2.3-fold higher risk of developing Dupuytren disease compared with those treated for CTS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the potential for Dupuytren disease development following CTS and TF surgeries, emphasizing the need for proactive monitoring of at-risk patients. Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and optimize preventive and management strategies for this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"792-797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report of a Child With an Extranumerary Upper Limb: Treatment and Literature Review.","authors":"Rodrigo M R Borges, Hugo A Nakamoto, Vanessa E de Toledo, Fernanda do C Iwase, Thiago F Dos S B, Marcelo R Rezende","doi":"10.1177/15589447251397666","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251397666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A child was born with duplication of the right upper limb, including 2 humeri, radii, and a mirror hand. The child also had multiple cardiac anomalies that required early surgeries. Surgical removal of the supernumerary limb was successfully performed without complications. Due to the rarity of polymelia, this case highlights the importance of individualized and multidisciplinary approaches. It also emphasizes the role of detailed surgical planning, continuous follow-up, and psychological support in optimizing outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"NP5-NP8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12714554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}