Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia最新文献

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Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-020

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2. Slavonicizing Purism and Its Reconceptualization in Religious Literature 2. 宗教文学中纯粹主义的斯拉夫化及其再概念化

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-017

{"title":"2. Slavonicizing Purism and Its Reconceptualization in Religious Literature","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781618116734-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781618116734-017","url":null,"abstract":"381 principles, as the realization of a single linguistic imperative, or for that matter a single cultural one. Selection becomes a matter of authorial taste and resourcefulness, and it is precisely here that the search for the correct path for the literary language culminates. Hunting for paths is replaced by the pursuit of the best linguistic means to embody the concrete goals of the author in the context of one particular text. This was achieved by the stabilization of the literary language, as general theoretical problems were now transformed into issues of literary stylistics. And so in the conflict between archaists and innovators we see not a clash between Europeanized and traditional culture, but one of literary trends, a conflict that may be situated fully within the framework of Europeanized Russian culture. The very narrowing of the issue from a broad cultural to an intra literary one testifies to the fact that the cultural antagonism that shook Russia during the Petrine and post-Petrine periods had taken a secondary place, if it still existed at all. Of course, on the larger Russian scale this antagonism was still there, and the lower levels of society continued to view the world in far different categories from those of the educated class. However, for the dominating culture those other categories no longer held any interest, and ceased to be a factor in its development. The dominating culture attained that level of self-sufficiency at which cultural oppositions merge with the battle between literary trends. This circumstance prepared the ground for the synthesizing stabilization of the Russian literary language which Pushkin was able to accom plish. But this development also brought the literary language into a new phase of development, beyond the parameters we set out to examine in this book—the history of the harmo nization of European and traditional values in Russian culture and the literary language. The debates between archaists and innovators might have served as the epilogue to this investigation, were it not for one arena of literature in which the struggle between secular and religious traditions retained its impor tance: the religious literature of the first half of the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":128120,"journal":{"name":"Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129078048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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1. Tasks of the Language Reform and the Nature of its Realization 1. 语言改革的任务及其实现的本质

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-009

Petrine Era

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2. Rationalist Purism and the Richness of the Slavenorossiiskii Language 2. 理性主义的纯粹主义与斯拉夫语的丰富性

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-014

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3. The Synthesis of Cultural and Linguistic Traditions: The Slavenorossiiskii Language and Its Functioning 3.文化和语言传统的综合:斯拉夫语及其功能

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-015

{"title":"3. The Synthesis of Cultural and Linguistic Traditions: The Slavenorossiiskii Language and Its Functioning","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781618116734-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781618116734-015","url":null,"abstract":"301 Russian literary norm, and even while remaining in principle an ecclesiastic tongue, at the same time it turned out to be a necessary component of the new Russian culture. Without reference to the church tongue it was impossible to achieve correctness, purity, and abundance — those qualities which were to give Russian parity with European languages. It turned out that European beauties blossomed not on distant shores but right here at home, within the churchyard of the Greek Orthodox Slavonic church, any association with which had earlier been forbidden. As a consequence of this new perception, the church tradition was now considered the preserve not only of pure faith but of pure language. An author unsure of the correctness of his writing or experiencing difficulty in selecting words was supposed to look directly to church books. Insofar as Russian and Church Slavonic were declared to have the same nature, Russian’s nature was held to be imprinted in church books; here it was expressed in pure and unchanging form. Hence church books were transformed into a constant standard with which to measure the literary language and which shielded it from the danger of betraying its nature and becoming impure. Lomonosov wrote that “the Russian language will remain in full strength, beauty and richness, firm and inaccessible to change and decline as long as the Russian church will be adorned by singing the glory of God in the Slavonic tongue” (Lomonosov, IV, 230; VII2, 591). Trediakovskii expressed precisely the same idea: “our Slavenorossiiskii language... can never be irremediably harmed: literary Slavonic will maintain it, preserve it, and save it from injury unwaveringly and for all time.” And in another place he wrote that “the Russian language is one of the Slavonic languages, and indeed the most integral (tseleishii) of them, if it hasn’t been spoiled; however, nothing will harm it forever: its shield and buttress is our immortal church tongue” (1773, 241 and 372). And so the Church Slavonic literary and linguistic tradition was fully reinstated, and this could not help but have important culturological consequences.","PeriodicalId":128120,"journal":{"name":"Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115959319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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5. Linguistic “Simplicity” and the Means of its Realization 5. 语言的“简单”及其实现途径

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-007

{"title":"5. Linguistic “Simplicity” and the Means of its Realization","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781618116734-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781618116734-007","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Slavic book culture confronted the idea of linguistic “simplicity” in the sixteenth century. Although the issue of the comprehensibility of bookish texts could have been posed earlier it was in this century that it acquired fundamental importance and became a motivating factor in linguistic change in the framework of Slavia Orthodoxa. It entered into complex interaction with other factors in creating a new attitude both toward the traditional bookish language and toward the learned linguistic tradition, provoking changes in the functioning of particular variants of the bookish language and, ultimately, the rejection of traditional bookishness as the principal medium for the expression of cultural values. The transformation of linguistic thought was common throughout Europe, although in various regions it proceeded differently, at different speeds, influenced by the specifics of national traditions and their starting points, and produced diverse, at times dissimilar, results. The cause of this transformative process was religious conflict, which gripped all of Europe to a greater or lesser extent and radically altered the traditional social organization of religious life; if earlier continuity of religious convictions from generation to generation had been the norm, now to a significant extent they were a","PeriodicalId":128120,"journal":{"name":"Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121785171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Frontmatter

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-fm

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2. The Conflict Between Linguistic Theory and Actual Practice; The Concept of a Poetic Language 2. 语言理论与语言实践的冲突诗歌语言的概念

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-012

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Works Cited 作品的引用

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-019

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6. The Secularization of Culture, Its Specifics in Russia, and Its Significance for Rethinking Linguistic Usage 6. 俄罗斯文化的世俗化及其特点及其对语言使用反思的意义

Language and Culture in Eighteenth-Century Russia Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9781618116734-008

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