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Superluminal neutrinos: experimental data and new interpretative theories 超光速中微子:实验数据和新的解释理论
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2020.91247
L. Nanni
{"title":"Superluminal neutrinos: experimental data and new interpretative theories","authors":"L. Nanni","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2020.91247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2020.91247","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the data of the OPERA and MINOS experiments, together with those related to the SN1987A supernova, are discussed in the context of the recent theories proposed for the superluminal muon neutrino. It is proved that for the models in which the Lorentz symmetry is violated, the decay mechanism leading to neutrino oscillation becomes possible. Within this framework, a new model based on the Hartman effect is proposed, according to which the neutrino becomes superluminal by quantum tunnelling, crossing a potential barrier generated by its interaction with the earth's crust matter. This model does not violate the Lorentz symmetry since the tachyonic state is generated by the quantum fluctuation of the neutrino initial energy, even if it requires to conjecture the presence of a quantum field that we ascribe to be that due to dark matter. In this model all superluminal neutrino decay mechanisms proposed in other studies are allowed. The hypothetical boson mediating the interaction between neutrino and dark matter is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132111970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The speed of light on the Earth and in the gravity-free space 光在地球和无重力空间中的速度
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.12988/astp.2019.9211
Ting-Hang Pei
{"title":"The speed of light on the Earth and in the gravity-free space","authors":"Ting-Hang Pei","doi":"10.12988/astp.2019.9211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/astp.2019.9211","url":null,"abstract":"The metric for describing the spacetime geometry of a charged and rotating source in general relativity is the Kerr-Newman metrics, and it is an appropriate one to discuss the movement on the Earth. It is explicit that the velocity of light we measure is dependent on the rotation and net charges of the Earth, and usually the measurements are less than it in the really free space, at infinity or the gravity-free space, as long as the net charges of the Earth are less than 1.4x10^19 C. According to this, the velocity of light in the really gravity-free space should be corrected. When we adopt the coordinate time at infinity as the unified time at each measurement placement on the Earth, it is 0.2085 m/s slightly larger than what we identify in vacuum on the Earth, 2.9979458x10^8 m/s. The calculations also show the tiny deviation on the speed of light along the longitudinal direction between two poles and the equator, and it also exists deviation between the left-handed circularly light and the right-handed circularly one in the equator. We also discuss the difference on the speed of light in the local reference frame by using the proper time.","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116524772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scale symmetry and Weinberg's no-go theorem in the cosmological constant problem 宇宙学常数问题中的尺度对称性和温伯格不动定理
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2018-12-24 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2019.9520
I. Oda
{"title":"Scale symmetry and Weinberg's no-go theorem in the cosmological constant problem","authors":"I. Oda","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2019.9520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2019.9520","url":null,"abstract":"We complete the proof of Weinberg's no-go theorem on the cosmological constant problem in classical gravity when the theory has a (global) scale symmetry. Stimulated with this proof, we explore a solution to the cosmological constant problem by the help of renormalization group equations. We find that the manifestly scale invariant regularization method provides a physically plausible solution to the cosmological constant problem, in particular, to the issue of radiative instability of the cosmological constant.","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132322935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Fermi’s theory of beta decay: a first attempt at electroweak unification 费米的衰变理论:电弱统一的第一次尝试
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2018-02-24 DOI: 10.12988/astp.2019.8939
L. Nanni
{"title":"Fermi’s theory of beta decay: a first attempt at electroweak unification","authors":"L. Nanni","doi":"10.12988/astp.2019.8939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/astp.2019.8939","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study, mainly historical and pedagogical, is to investigate the physical-mathematical similitudes of the spectroscopic and beta decay Fermi theories. Both theories were formulated using quantum perturbative theory that allowed obtaining equations whose algebraic structure and physical interpretation suggest that the two phenomena occur according to the same mechanism. Fermi, therefore, could have guessed well in advance of the times that the two theories could be unified into a single physical-mathematical model that led to different results depending on the considered energy. The electroweak unification found its full realization only in the 1960s within the Standard Model that, however, is mainly based on a mathematical approach. Retracing the reasoning made by Fermi facilitates the understanding of the physical foundations that underlie the unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces.","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131198783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Gravitomagnetic monopole in a scalar-tensor theory of gravity 引力标量张量理论中的引力磁单极子
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2017-09-27 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2017.61141
A. Barros
{"title":"Gravitomagnetic monopole in a scalar-tensor theory of gravity","authors":"A. Barros","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2017.61141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2017.61141","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the Brans-Dicke scalar-tensor theory, supposing a weak gravitational field generated by a material source with low rotating motion and nonzero magnetic monopole. In this context, we determine a Kerr-Taub-NUT-type solution and the gravitomagnetic field. After, the effects of frame dragging and gravitomagnetic time delay are explored and the results obtained are compared with those predicted by General Relativity. PACS: 04.50.Kd, 04.25.Nx","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122724323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Physics-First Approach to the Schwarzschild Metric 史瓦西度规的物理优先方法
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2016-02-26 DOI: 10.12988/astp.2017.61142
K. Kassner
{"title":"A Physics-First Approach to the Schwarzschild Metric","authors":"K. Kassner","doi":"10.12988/astp.2017.61142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/astp.2017.61142","url":null,"abstract":"As is well-known, the Schwarzschild metric cannot be derived based on pre-general-relativistic physics alone, which means using only special relativity, the Einstein equivalence principle and the Newtonian limit. The standard way to derive it is to employ Einstein's field equations. Yet, analogy with Newtonian gravity and electrodynamics suggests that a more constructive way towards the gravitational field of a point mass might exist. As it turns out, the additional physics needed is captured in two plausible postulates. These permit to deduce the exact Schwarzschild metric without invoking the field equations. Since they express requirements essentially designed for use with the spherically symmetric case, they are less general and powerful than the postulates from which Einstein constructed the field equations. It is shown that these imply the postulates given here but that the converse is not quite true. The approach provides a fairly fast method to calculate the Schwarzschild metric in arbitrary coordinates exhibiting stationarity and sheds new light on the behavior of waves in gravitational fields.","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131265351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Gravitomagnetic Effects in the Kerr-Newman Spacetime Kerr-Newman时空中的引力磁效应
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2016-02-01 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2016.512114
A. Barros
{"title":"Gravitomagnetic Effects in the Kerr-Newman Spacetime","authors":"A. Barros","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2016.512114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2016.512114","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we consider gravitomagnetic effects in the context of the Kerr-Newman solution of the General Relativity theory. Firstly, the gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic fields are defined with the aid of the expression of the gravitational force, which is a Lorentz-type force. Then, as an application, we study the frame dragging effect, the light deflection and the gravitomagnetic time delay, exhibiting the electric charge contribution in each case and comparing the results obtained with those predicted in the Kerr spacetime. PACS: 04.20.-q, 04.25.Nx","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125457229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Constraints On Holographic Cosmological Models From Gamma Ray Bursts 伽玛射线暴全息宇宙学模型的约束
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI: 10.12988/astp.2016.510103
Alexander Bonilla Rivera, Jairo Ernesto Castillo Hernández
{"title":"Constraints On Holographic Cosmological Models From Gamma Ray Bursts","authors":"Alexander Bonilla Rivera, Jairo Ernesto Castillo Hernández","doi":"10.12988/astp.2016.510103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/astp.2016.510103","url":null,"abstract":"We use Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) data from Y. Wang (2008) to put additional constraints on a set of cosmological dark energy models based on the holographic principle. GRBs are among the most complex and energetic astrophysical events known in the universe offering us the opportunity to obtain information from the history of cosmic expansion up to about redshift of z ∼ 6. These astrophysical objects provide us a complementary observational test to determine the nature of dark energy by complementing the information of data from Supernovas (e.g. Union 2.1 compilation). We found that the �CDM model gives the best fit to the observational data, although o ur statis","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131009544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Symmetry identities of higher-order modified q-Euler polynomials under S4 S4下高阶修正q-欧拉多项式的对称恒等式
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2015-07-09 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2015.5223
D. V. Dolgy, Taekyun Kim, Jong-Jin Seo
{"title":"Symmetry identities of higher-order modified q-Euler polynomials under S4","authors":"D. V. Dolgy, Taekyun Kim, Jong-Jin Seo","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2015.5223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2015.5223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116542250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New fundamental dynamical equation for higher derivative quantum field theories 高导数量子场论的新基本动力学方程
Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics Pub Date : 2015-07-09 DOI: 10.12988/ASTP.2015.511
Z. Musielak, J. L. Fry, G. Kanan
{"title":"New fundamental dynamical equation for higher derivative quantum field theories","authors":"Z. Musielak, J. L. Fry, G. Kanan","doi":"10.12988/ASTP.2015.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12988/ASTP.2015.511","url":null,"abstract":"In space-time with the Minkowski metric, the group of the metric is the inhomogeneous Lorentz group, which is also known as the Poincar e group. A dynamical equation is called fundamental if it is invariant with respect to the group of the metric, which consists of all transformations that leave the metric invariant. A method based on this group is used to derive two innite sets of Poincar e invariant linear dynamical equations for scalar and analytical functions that represent free, spin-zero, massive elementary particles. The sets contain two dierent types of fundamental higher derivative dynamical equations, which are used to construct higher derivative quantum eld theories. One of these sets contains the original Klein-Gordon equation and it is shown that all physically acceptable solutions to the higher derivative equations in this set are the same as the solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation. This means that none of the higher order equation in this set can be considered as new and that the Klein-Gordon is the only fundamental dynamical equation available to construct local quantum eld theories. However, for the other set, it is demonstrated that all physically acceptable solutions to the higher derivative equations are the same as the solutions to the lowest order fundamental equation in this set. As a result, this lowest order equation is the only new fundamental equation in the set, and it is used to construct higher derivative (non-local) quantum eld","PeriodicalId":127314,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Studies in Theoretical Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122526037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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