From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers最新文献

The Final Organization 最终组织

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.15

引用次数: 0

The Physical Surroundings 物理环境

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.5

引用次数: 0

The Industry 这个行业

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.6

引用次数: 0

A Violent Interlude 暴力插曲

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.13

引用次数: 0

Index 指数

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.25

引用次数: 0

The Collapse of the W.B.A. wba的崩溃

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.12

引用次数: 0

Mine Safety 矿山安全

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.16

{"title":"Mine Safety","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.16","url":null,"abstract":"This Act: • Defines “mine manager;” • Requires facilities to submit emergency action plans when making an application for a license; • Establishes content requirements for the emergency action plan and where copies of the plan are made available; • Requires the implementation of emergency evacuation plans and firefighting programs; • Requires that by September 1, 2006, licensed facilities will be able to activate emergency action plans; • Requires mapping working sections in a mine and the designating escapeways; • Requires escapeway drills at all licensed coal mines; • Provides for telephone or equivalent two-way communication facilities in underground and surface coal mines by September 1, 2006; • Requires ventilation plans and roof control plans be submitted along with requests for licenses and include entrapments, roof falls, and inundation of the mine with liquid or gas in the events that trigger a mine rescue; • Requires mine ventilation plans and revisions to existing mine ventilation plans be submitted to and approved by the executive director of the Office of Mine Safety and Licensing; • Prohibits mine licensees from storing self-contained self-rescuers farther apart than 25 feet; • Provides that self-contained self-rescuers be deployed at not more than 45 minute walking intervals, be placed in storage units to prevent their destruction, and have luminescent signs, alarms, and strobe lights; • Prohibits using return airway as an escapeway and requires devices that direct miners to the surface at 100-foot intervals; • Prohibits riding under a trolley wire; • Defines “serious physical injury;” • Requires reporting accidents that involves serious physical injury or loss of life within 15 minutes after actual knowledge of the occurrence; and • Establishes a $100,000 dollar penalty for failure to report.","PeriodicalId":127182,"journal":{"name":"From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126109891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Reorganization and Collapse 重组与崩溃

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.14

引用次数: 0

The Reward System

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.9

L. Fan

{"title":"The Reward System","authors":"L. Fan","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.9","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of the bonus structure in a public sector dominated economy has been noted by many writers. Since economic reforms in the USSR and many other socialist countries were initiated in the early 1960's, there have been a few studies analyzing the bonus schemes in Soviet-type economies. (See S. Gindin, Michael Ellman, Michael Keren, James A. Mirrlees, and Wayne A. Leeman.) The trend toward profit-related bonus schemes has been continuing in socialist economies, except China's industrial sector which completely dropped the bonus as a revisionist deviation. There are two basic problems involved: one is the bonus which induces a greater effort than the normal exertion, and the other is the tautness (or slackness) of the plan that discourages (or encourages) the effort. Gindin noted the effort-inducing effect of the bonus and the fear of a potentially higher new plan target when the current plan is fulfilled or overfulfilled. His model explains the managers' and planners' conflicting interest, which is inherent in a planned economy.' Leeman discussed some bonus formulae in a Soviet-type economy. He noted that if the reward were given only to the fulfillment of physical output targets, managers would tend to ignore the volume, and if the reward were based on the volume, then managers would be indifferent to plans. However, he also noted that the bonus for overfulfillment induces the managers to understate their capacities. There is a conflict in the output-plan and profit-related bonus.2 Ellman (1973) further analyzed the bonus based on the profit which reduces managers' incentive to understate the capacity. Ellman (1971) also made a detailed analysis of the institutional background of the USSR economy of the late 1960's that provides invaluable understanding of the Soviet reward system. Keren's highly analytical paper emphasizes the tautness of plans and the effortinducing bonus. Basically Keren tried to show that there exists, given a bonus, the highest permissible target, and also to show that there exists an \"optimum size of bonus\" which elicits the maximum exertion (effort) given the planned target.3 Mirrlees, in a recent paper, demonstrated that when the uncertainty about agents' characteristics is ignored, a nearly optimal incentive system is \". . . to threaten dire punishment of the unlucky (or lazy) and give everyone else the same payment, the payment being just high enough to make sure that people are willing to offer themselves as agents despite the threatened penalties\" (p. 5). In this note, a bonus scheme which possesses some desirable characteristics is presented. It will be shown that managers operating under this reward system will have no incentive to understate or overstate their production capacity and they will strive to attain their target profits set by the planning authority. 4 * Professor of economics, Colorado State University. This work was supported by a National Science Foundation grant to the University of Minneso","PeriodicalId":127182,"journal":{"name":"From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers","volume":"74 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123184427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The Productive System 生产系统

From the Molly Maguires to the United Mine Workers Pub Date : 2018-11-12 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv941x1v.8

引用次数: 0