Geosystem Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Leaching of yttrium and europium from fluorescent lamp phosphor powder using nitric acid: kinetics and optimization","authors":"T. Huynh, V. Ha, Minh Trang Vu","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2156399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2156399","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rare earth elements (REEs) are recognized as one of the most critical elements and considered essential for the development of sustainable energy technologies, lasers, electronics, alloys, catalysts, and other applications. In order to meet the increasing demand to ensure those essential usages, the supply of REEs is however limited from the primary sources. Recovery of REEs from secondary resources, such as discarded electrical and electronic equipment, referred to as electronic waste (e-waste) is consequently crucial. Fluorescent lamps among such wastes are of special concern due to the high quantity of REEs present in them. This article discusses a potential hydrometallurgical method for recovering REEs (yttrium and europium) from fluorescent lamp waste via nitric acid leaching. The effects of leaching factors including acid concentration and temperature were examined. To assist the leaching yields of those metals, the effect of alkaline fusion was specifically examined. The kinetics of both processes, direct- and alkaline fusion-assisted leaching were investigated based on the shrinking core model. In the case of direct leaching, the metal dissolution was controlled by surface chemical reaction with apparent activation energies of 43.9 and 48.1 kJ/mol for yttrium and europium, respectively, in the temperature range 303–333 K. Pretreatment, viz., the alkaline fusion changed the subsequent leaching mechanism to diffusion control with apparent activation energies of 7.4 and 9.5 kJ/mol for the respective metal in the same temperature range. Optimization of the alkaline fusion-assisted acid leaching process was undertaken by applying response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD). Under the alkaline fusion conditions such as soda/fluorescent powder mass ratio of 0.65 g/g, temperature of 1223 K and reaction time of 7200 s followed by acid leaching (nitric acid concentration – 3.5 M, temperature-323 K, pulp density – 30 g/L and leaching duration – 1200 s), the leaching efficiencies of 92.6% and 99.5% for yttrium and europium, respectively, could be achieved.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"150 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42043632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separation of Pt and Pd from chloride solutions by liquid–liquid extraction using Alamine 308 and analysis of their mechanism: A possible recovery from spent auto catalysts","authors":"B. Swain, Jae-chun Lee","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2155713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2155713","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper addresses the separation of platinum and palladium from the chloride solutions by liquid–liquid extraction using Alamine 308 as an extractant. The effect of different process parameters such as the concentrations of HCl, NaCl, platinum, and palladium in the aqueous solution, and the concentration of Alamine 308 in the organic phase, on the separation behavior, was evaluated. While selective stripping of platinum was achieved using NaSCN, palladium was selectively stripped with (NH2)2CS. The process can ensure the separation and recovery of both platinum and palladium with 99.99% purity from a mixed solution of platinum and palladium chlorides.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"208 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45184108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative studies of novel biooxidation process to low-grade sulphide gold ores","authors":"Junmo Ahn, Jiajia Wu, Jaeheon Lee","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2145376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2145376","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Sand Farming is one of novel biooxidation processes suitable for sulphide oxidation of low-grade refractory gold ores. It has been previously proven to be feasible and more efficient compared to other conventional sulphide oxidation processes. In this study, the Sand Farming was compared with conventional tank biooxidation to investigate biooxidation behaviors on ores with different mineralogy and compare the ultimate gold recovery. Ore samples were tested for Sand Farming biooxidation. Conventional tank biooxidation was also compared as the baseline. After each biooxidation was completed, cyanidation was conducted for gold extraction. The Sand Farming achieved the gold recovery of 75% from high grade with higher sulphur content sample (Sample A) and 68% from low grade with lower sulphur content sample (Sample B), slightly lower than tank biooxidation of 83% and 85%, respectively. Sand Farming can be an alternative to several sulphide oxidation processes with better overall economics.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"194 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44486827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New method for selective recovery of manganese from NCM-based cathode material of spent Li-ion batteries","authors":"Eunyoung Kim, Taebum Ahn, Tae-Young Kim","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2119610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2119610","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study provides a new leaching method for selective recovery of manganese from the spent NCM-based cathode active material of lithium-ion secondary batteries (LIBs). The recovery method involves the use of aqueous Mn(II) phase spontaneously generated in sulfate media as a reducing agent, in which Ni(III) and Co(III) are reduced to soluble species while Mn(II) precipitates as Mn(IV) oxides simultaneously. To optimize the process, the effects of time, temperature, and acid concentration on the leaching behavior were investigated. As a result, two-step successive leaching at an optimal condition was proposed, by which the dissolution efficiency of Co and Ni reached up to 99% and ~100%, respectively while Mn leaching was restricted to 15.5%. The leaching residue mainly consisted of manganese oxide (MnO2), containing Mn ~40%. The amount of Mn in the residue increased to ~70% by calcinating at 650 °C, which converted its phase into Mn2O3 and Mn3O4. Therefore, our two-step leaching technique will lead to the recovery of nearly all the contents of Li, Co, and Ni in addition to ~70% purity Mn as supplemental benefit from spent LIB materials without using any oxidants or reductants.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"143 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41522533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrowinning of gold from a dilute solution using hydrocyclone-type cell","authors":"Mooki Bae, Hong-Lyong Kim, Sookyung Kim, Hyunju Lee","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2142855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2142855","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The redox reaction mechanism of gold−cyanide [Au(CN)2 −] during hydrocyclone electrowinning was investigated in this work by conducting Hull cell test, potentiodynamic polarization, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A leaching solution of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) was prepared as an electrolyte, and the effects of flow rate and applied voltage on the recovery of gold and destruction of cyanide through hydrocyclone electrowinning were investigated. A numerical simulation of the flow field in the cell was performed, and the results were visualized by conducting a finite element analysis in FLUENT. The CFD simulations and Hull cell test showed that the cylindrical cathode region had a flow velocity of ~11.05 m·s−1, which was higher than that at the center of the cylindrical part (<6.45 m·s−1). The optimum conditions for electrowinning were found to be as: an electrode distance of 4.9 mm and a current density of 73.78 mA·cm−2. The anodic polarization results showed that an Ir-based mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode could more efficiently oxidize the free cyanide because of its high current density than other types of anodes (Ir-based MMO: 299.3 mA·cm−2 > SS304: 3.5 mA·cm−2 > Pt-coated Ti: 1.3 mA·cm−2). Through the demonstrated hydrocyclone electrowinning test, the gold concentration could be decreased from 100 to 0.24 mg·L−1 within 12 h while destroying almost total amount of free cyanide in a day.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"175 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44391531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential hydrometallurgical processes to recycle metals from discarded personal computer","authors":"Om Shankar Dinkar, Rukshana Parween, Rekha Panda, P. Choubey, B. Ambade, M. Jha","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2156400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2156400","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rapid technological modernization has accelerated the replacement of older electronic goods with newer ones, which has led to the generation of huge quantities of discarded electronic items at its end-of-life, known as electronic wastes (e-wastes). The growing quantity of e-wastes has become a major threat to the society as well as environment. On the other hand, e-wastes contain several valuable metals and materials of high economic value, which compels researchers to work in the area for secondary resources for metal recovery. Metal recovery from such secondary resources will not only preserve the primary resources but also reduce the loss of valuable metals/materials, protect the environment from their hazardous effects as well as reduce the demand-supply gap of metals up to some extent. In view of the above, present study is focused on the possible effort to figure out variety of metals present in the component of waste personal computers (WPCs) as well as different recycling processes implemented for the efficient recovery of metals.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"132 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48814823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of industrial effluent to reclaim copper using adsorption technique","authors":"Shilpa Kalamani Bawkar, P. Choubey, Rukshana Parween, Rekha Panda, P. K. Singh, M. Jha, Jae-chun Lee","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2140712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2140712","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Effluent generated during metal finishing in industries contains large amount of heavy metals, which get discharged into water bodies and creates environmental pollution as well as loss of metal values. Present studies report the adsorption of copper (Cu) from the effluent using Tulsion T-42 resin. Experiments were carried out for the adsorption of Cu from the effluent of Chemical and Mechanical Polishing (CMP) industries using cationic resin Tulsion T-42 (adsorbent). To get the optimized adsorption condition for copper the studies were carried out with varying process parameters i.e., contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, etc. Result of the batch experiments shows that 95% copper was adsorbed from the effluent containing 100 ppm copper using 0.1 g Tulsion T-42 in 50 mL feed solution at pH 4.0 in contact time of 30 min. The obtained data from Cu adsorption studies fitted well with Freundlich adsorption isotherm and followed second-order rate reaction. The 99% copper was found to be eluted from loaded adsorbent using 10% sulfuric acid in 60 min contact time. FT-IR result confirmed that complex with active sulphonic group of Tulsion T-42 was formed. The findings of the studies will be useful for the reclamation of copper from the waste water of metal finishing industries.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"165 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of the recycling of e-waste in Indonesia","authors":"Kurniawan Kurniawan, Muhammad Dzikri Ahira Soefihara, D. C. Nababan, S. Kim","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2142856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2142856","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electronic waste (e-waste) has become a major economic and environmental concern. It requires the development of sustainable and integrated recycling systems capable of recovering valuable constituents while simultaneously protecting the environment. While many developed countries have established such recycling systems, most developing countries, including Indonesia, lack such systems and have a low level of public awareness about e-waste. This article focuses on the current state of e-waste recycling in Indonesia. The estimated amount of e-waste generation and distribution in the country, potential economic recovery, relevant legal frameworks, and recycling practices are presented. The review also highlights barriers to formal e-waste management and recycling in Indonesia, such as (i) superiority of the informal sector, (ii) lack of regulation and infrastructure, (iii) lack of awareness and reliable data about e-waste, (iv) low rate of research works on recycling technology development, and (v) large diversity of socio-economic and geographic conditions in Indonesia. The study suggests strategies for establishing a sustainable e-waste recycling system in Indonesia, including potential processing routes and scenarios that integrate the actors involved in e-waste collection, pretreatment, and metal extraction.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"83 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42388149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable recycling technology toward carbon neutrality: special issue dedicated to Dr. Jae-Chun Lee","authors":"Jaeryeong Lee","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2164125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2164125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"63 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49179427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Process for Manufacturing Vanadium Dioxide(VO2) as a resource of Vanadium Electrolyte from Vanadium Pentoxide(V2O5)","authors":"B. Kim, Taegong Ryu, Jihyuk Choi, Tae Jun Park, Hankwon Chang, JeongHyun Yoo, Chang-Youl Suh, S. Cho, K. Roh","doi":"10.1080/12269328.2022.2156398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2022.2156398","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A vanadium electrolyte for energy storage is generally prepared by dissolving vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) in sulfuric acid using oxalic acid ((COOH)2) as a reducing agent. However, there is a disadvantage that the dissolution rate in the sulfuric acid solution of V2O5 is very slow. In this study, a new process for producing vanadium dioxide (VO2), which has the faster dissolution rate than V2O5 in sulfuric acid solution, was developed. Vanadium dioxide (VO2) could be used in the production of a vanadium electrolyte for energy storage. The process developed in the study has the advantages of being economical and simple as compared to the existing process for producing VO2 from V2O5 using hydrogen or carbon monoxide as a reducing agent.","PeriodicalId":12714,"journal":{"name":"Geosystem Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"202 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48953711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}