Chiara Bini, Martina Paoletti, Andrea Marcellusi, Carlo Tomino, Francesco Saverio Mennini
{"title":"Valutazione economica di treosulfan in pazienti sottoposti a trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali ematopoietiche.","authors":"Chiara Bini, Martina Paoletti, Andrea Marcellusi, Carlo Tomino, Francesco Saverio Mennini","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2022.2412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2022.2412","url":null,"abstract":"Economic evaluation of treosulfan in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness and economic sustainability of treosulfan plus fludarabine compared with busulfan plus fludarabine as a conditioning treatment for malignant disease prior to allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in adult patients in Italy. Method: The two theoretical cohorts of patients aged ≥ 60 years with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were pooled and followed over time using a partitioned survival model with cycles of 28 days. Patients can transition between a post-HSCT recovery/remission state (Event-Free Survival state, EFS state), a relapsed/progressed disease state, and a death state. A lifetime horizon for cost-effectiveness analysis and a 5-years’ time horizon for budget impact analysis were used. The perspective of the Italian National Health Service was adopted. Utility values were obtained from published sources. Costs included: drug acquisition, HSCT procedure, management and treatment of adverse reactions, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and health states, end of life treatment. Discounting of 3% per year was applied for both costs and outcomes according to Italian guidelines. Sensitivity was tested through both one-way and probabilistic analyses. Results: Cost-effectiveness analysis showed that treosulfan is both more effective and less expensive compared with busulfan (+1.08 life-years, +0.95 quality-adjusted life-years per patient and –€ 41,388 per patient). On the side of economic sustainability, the introduction of treosulfan in the market could generate a cumulative decrement of the expense incurred by NHS of about –€ 212,063 over five years. Conclusion: Treosulfan could represent a cost-effective and sustainable treatment alternative from the perspective of the NHS.","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/34/grhta-9-105.PMC9768594.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10518582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The budgetary impact of alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis in Quito, Ecuador. Payer's perspective.","authors":"Luis J Pastor-Quirós, Edgar P Correa-Díaz","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2273","DOIUrl":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple sclerosis is a neurological condition that causes disabilities and is most common in young adults. It imposes high financial costs affecting the quality of life of patients, families, and society. It is critical to measure the budgetary impact of new technologies to treat this disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the article is to estimate the budgetary impact of introducing alemtuzumab as an escalation therapy in patients diagnosed with Recurrent Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and treated in Quito, Ecuador.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cohort of 85 patients receiving treatment with disease-modifying therapies was used, within a 5-year timeframe, between 2021 and 2025. The baseline scenario, including the percentages of administration of the different drugs, is compared with the alternative scenario, including alemtuzumab. The cost assessment included only direct medical resources. To obtain local resources for management of the disease, a neurologist and clinical expert who treats most of the patients in Quito was consulted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering a cohort of 85 patients with active Recurrent Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, the average global budget impact in 5 years would be USD 10,603,230.00 in the base case and USD 9,995,817.00 in the alemtuzumab scenario.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The inclusion of alemtuzumab as escalation therapy represents budgetary savings over the next 5 years (2021-2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2d/55/grhta-8-140.PMC9616185.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10869816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovanni Corrao, Giovanni Alquati, Giovanni Apolone, Andrea Ardizzoni, Giuliano Buzzetti, Giorgio W Canonica, Pierfranco Conte, Elisa Crovato, Francesco Damele, Carlo La Vecchia, Aldo P Maggioni, Alberto Mantovani, Michele Marangi, Walter Marrocco, Andrea Messori, Alessandro Padovani, Alessandro Rambaldi, Walter Ricciardi, Francesco Ripa di Meana, Federico Spandonaro, Valeria Tozzi, Giuseppe Mancia
{"title":"Real-world data: come possono aiutare a migliorare la qualità dell’assistenza.","authors":"Giovanni Corrao, Giovanni Alquati, Giovanni Apolone, Andrea Ardizzoni, Giuliano Buzzetti, Giorgio W Canonica, Pierfranco Conte, Elisa Crovato, Francesco Damele, Carlo La Vecchia, Aldo P Maggioni, Alberto Mantovani, Michele Marangi, Walter Marrocco, Andrea Messori, Alessandro Padovani, Alessandro Rambaldi, Walter Ricciardi, Francesco Ripa di Meana, Federico Spandonaro, Valeria Tozzi, Giuseppe Mancia","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2286","DOIUrl":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/f8/grhta-8-134.PMC9616184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on \"Continuity of care between hospital pharmacies and community pharmacies, and costs avoided: a pilot experience in times of COVID-19 in Spain\".","authors":"David Gómez Gómez","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2261","DOIUrl":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/21/grhta-8-67.PMC9616193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudio Jommi, Antonio Addis, Nello Martini, Elena Nicod, Marcello Pani, Annalisa Scopinaro, Sabine Vogler
{"title":"Price and reimbursement for orphan medicines and managed entry agreements: does Italy need a framework?","authors":"Claudio Jommi, Antonio Addis, Nello Martini, Elena Nicod, Marcello Pani, Annalisa Scopinaro, Sabine Vogler","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article illustrates a consensus opinion of an expert panel on the need and usefulness of a framework for price and reimbursement (P&R) process and managed entry agreements (MEAs) for orphan medicines in Italy. This opinion was gathered in three rounds: an introductory document was sent to the panel and discussed during a recorded online meeting. A second document was sent to the panel for their review. In the third step the final document was validated. Members of the expert panel are the authors of the article. The panel agreed that Italy does not need a specific value framework for orphan medicines, driving the P&R process. Rather, a more structured value framework for all medicines tailored to the specific drugs can be useful. For orphan drugs, the panel advocated for a multidisciplinary approach and the contribution of different stakeholders to value assessment, and acknowledged the importance of addressing, more than for other drugs, unmet needs, equity issues and societal value. The panel raised the need of increasing the importance of patient-reported outcomes. Experts, acknowledging the growing criticisms in implementation of outcome-based agreements in Italy, expressed their position against their abandonment in favour of discounts only and supported orphan medicines as natural candidates for these agreements. Finally, the panel made some recommendations on the appraisal process for orphan medicines, including an early discussion on the uncertainty of the evidence generated and the adoption of a structured approach to identify the agreement, which better responds to the uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/66/grhta-8-114.PMC9616180.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative analysis of international health technology assessments for novel gene silencing therapies: patisiran and inotersen.","authors":"Sergio Iannazzo","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Using the case study of patisiran and inotersen, we conducted a narrative comparative analysis of the health technology assessment (HTA) agency appraisals of these two first-in-class transthyretin gene silencers, which represent exceptional advances in the treatment of hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis, a rare and multisystemic disease. Despite the impact of each product on the treatment landscape, the majority of HTAs are only considered standard of care as a comparator, resulting in a void of information and limited comprehension of the clinical and pharmacoeconomic differences between the two treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted internationally for HTA reports, and only instances where assessment decisions for both treatments were publicly available were included in the present analysis. The HTA reports were analyzed broadly for the assessment of clinical and pharmacoeconomic evidence. Only economic models considering both patisiran and inotersen were included in this analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of nine agencies with public assessment reports for both treatments were identified. HTA agency assessments for both treatments were essentially positive; however, differences were noted in the final recommendations, place in treatment or reimbursed indications, and in the narrative of the evaluations. Only the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) assessment for patisiran evaluated an economic model comparing the two treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The differences summarized in this comparative analysis may provide a more comprehensive overview of the two treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3c/92/grhta-8-14.PMC9616187.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberto Ravasio, Antonio Costanzo, Silvia Antonelli, Alessia Maiorino, Serena Losi
{"title":"Number needed to treat for interleukin inhibitors approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Italy.","authors":"Roberto Ravasio, Antonio Costanzo, Silvia Antonelli, Alessia Maiorino, Serena Losi","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interleukin (IL) inhibitors achieve greater levels of efficacy than older systemic therapies. We calculated the number needed to treat (NNT) of ixekizumab compared with other IL inhibitors approved in Italy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical efficacy was evaluated in terms of NNT, based on the results of a recent network meta--analysis (NMA) by the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The NMA investigated many systemic and biological treatments, but this analysis compared only the efficacy of the following IL inhibitors - brodalumab, guselkumab, ixekizumab, risankizumab, secukinumab, tildrakizumab and ustekinumab - for patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Drugs were compared and ranked according to effectiveness considering the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) 90 score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred and forty trials (51,749 patients) were included in the NMA. Considering the proportion of patients who achieve PASI90, ixekizumab showed the lowest NNT among all comparators (ixekizumab 2.01 [2.46-3.00]; risankizumab 2.05 [2.50-3-05]; guselkumab 2.16 [2.68-3.36]; secukinumab 2.40 [2.90-3.51]; brodalumab 2.61 [3.18-3.88]; ustekinumab 3.44 [4.12-4.95]; tildrakizumab 3.10 [4.15-5.59].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings show that ixekizumab is the most effective option (NNT) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/d3/grhta-8-53.PMC9616200.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Place in therapy of innovative drugs in multiple myeloma in 2021 and 2023 according to an expert panel Delphi consensus.","authors":"Boccadoro Mario, Berto Patrizia, Bringhen Sara, Zamagni Elena, Tosi Patrizia, Cascavilla Nicola, Giuliani Nicola, Mannina Donato, Zambello Renato, Patriarca Francesca, Montefusco Vittorio, Grasso Mariella, Di Raimondo Francesco, Offidani Massimo, Petrucci Maria Teresa, Musto Pellegrino","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to understand the potential use of single agents and drug combinations in multiple myeloma (MM) across treatment lines in the years 2021 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The method used was Delphi Panel Method survey, administered to European Myeloma Network (EMN) Italy Working Group centres. Future treatments were identified assessing all available web-based information sources, including therapies (single drugs or combinations) with strong evidence of efficacy, likely to be on the Italian market in 2021 and 2023. Participants were asked to report on the likelihood of prescription for MM therapies, across treatment lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the 15 centres taking part in the survey, about 890 patients per year are forecasted to receive a new diagnosis of MM. In 2021, the Panel forecasted 66% of 1L-TE (transplant eligible) patients will be treated with bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (VTD) and 32% of patients with daratumumab-bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (DVTd), with a substantial decrease of VTD (15%) and a marked increase of DVTd (81%) forecasted for 2023. The 2L and 3L R(lenalidomide)-based combination treatments are expected to drop and will likely be substituted by a steep increase in P(pomalidomide)-based regimes (from 7% to 23%). On the contrary, in 3L treatment, all combination therapies (with the exception of IsaPd - isatuximab-pomalidomide-dexamethasone) are expected to lose market share in favour of the most recent new therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Expert Panel agrees that many different new drugs and combinations will be used in MM, with different mechanisms of action, both at diagnosis and in subsequent phases of the disease, with a corresponding decline of the drugs currently used.</p>","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4c/06/grhta-8-80.PMC9616197.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10869814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michele Basile, Lorenzo Somaini, Americo Cicchetti
{"title":"Analisi di Budget Impact della formulazione depot di buprenorfina a rilascio prolungato per la gestione di pazienti affetti da disturbo da uso di oppiacei.","authors":"Michele Basile, Lorenzo Somaini, Americo Cicchetti","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2237","url":null,"abstract":"Budget Impact Analysis of prolonged-release buprenorphine depot-formulation for the management of patients affected by opioid use disorder Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a disorder associated with significant rate of morbidity and mortality. Frequent clinic attendance for supervised consumption of sublingual buprenorphine is common. Prolonged-release buprenorphine (PRB) allows a management based on weekly or monthly subcutaneous injections, thus limiting the burdens of clinic attendance and the risks associated with sublingual formulations. Objective: To determine the price level of PRB that allows to obtain a neutral impact from the point of view of the economic resources absorbed, in comparison with the alternatives currently available in the Italian context for the management of patients suffering from OUD. Methods: The analysis assumes a daily PRB cost of € 8.526 (neutral cost). The analysis aims to determine the economic impact associated with the introduction of PRB in the Italian context for the management of OUD patients. Results are expressed in terms of differential resources absorbed in the alternative scenarios. A one-way sensitivity analysis was also carried out to test the robustness of the results. Results: The introduction of PRB implies an increase in the drug acquisition costs over the 5-year time horizon of € 23,016,194.61: such costs are fully compensated by the other cost driver considered in the analysis (drug tests provided, health professionals’ time destined to the provision of the treatment, indirect costs, for savings equal to € 7,255,602.59, € 10,714,320.08 and € 5,046,271.94 respectively) demonstrating its effectiveness in particular by an organizational point of view. Lower price levels for PRB would imply significant savings for the SSN. Conclusions: PRB resulted to be associated to a lower level of resources’ absorption in the Italian sector as compared with the available alternatives thus allowing to re-allocate health founds to other fields of the care sector ensuring greater safety for patients and a decreased misuse and diversion rate.","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6f/85/grhta-8-96.PMC9616199.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudio Jommi, Patrizio Armeni, Arianna Bertolani, Francesco Costa, Monica Otto
{"title":"Il futuro dei Fondi per Farmaci Innovativi: risultati di uno studio basato su Delphi panel.","authors":"Claudio Jommi, Patrizio Armeni, Arianna Bertolani, Francesco Costa, Monica Otto","doi":"10.33393/grhta.2021.2219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2021.2219","url":null,"abstract":"The future of Funds for Innovative Medicines: results from a Delphi Study Introduction: Dedicated Funds for Innovative Medicines were introduced in 2017 for cancer and non-cancer drugs in Italy. After three years, their impact on patient access to the relevant treatments and critical issues about their management has been poorly investigated. Aims and scope. This paper aims at bridging the literature gap and providing possible reforms scenarios. Methods: Our analysis relied on a qualitative approach. The personal opinions of twelve Italian experts coming from the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the Scientific Committee of the Italian Medicines Agency, the Regions and Patient Associations, the Oncologists’ Scientific Societies and Hospital Pharmacists were elicited through a Delphi approach. A consensus on final recommendations was reached in two rounds. Results: Experts were in favour of maintaining dedicated Funds for Innovative Medicines and had a distinct preference for a single Fund. Most of them suggested to extend access to Funds to more than three years, if, for the relevant indication, there are no alternatives to the innovative drug and provided that this does not represent a barrier to new entries. Responders advocated for Funds being covered by on top resources and the production of more evidence on their impact. They finally claimed a speeder flow of information to the regions on expenditure for innovative treatments and an enhancement of controls on prescribing behaviour, to avoid prescriptions be dependent on Funds capacity. Conclusions: The consensus document provides for eight recommendations that could be taken into account for possible reforms and future research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":12627,"journal":{"name":"Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/e8/grhta-8-22.PMC9616190.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10513337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}