Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii最新文献_第2页

Methodology for the Evaluation of the Economic Effectiveness of Investment Projects 投资项目经济效益评价方法

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.8

V. Serov, Y. P. Tikhonov

{"title":"Methodology for the Evaluation of the Economic Effectiveness of Investment Projects","authors":"V. Serov, Y. P. Tikhonov","doi":"10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.8","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the problem of evaluating the economic efficiency of investment in production capital. The article provides an overview of the theoretical and methodological framework developed by Russian scholars and practitioners. In the Soviet period, when the model of centrally planned economy prevailed, the evaluation methodology comprised the following methods: comparing the result of capital investment and its amount (calculation of the coefficient of capital investment effectiveness); comparing the coefficient’s estimated value with its normative value set for specific sectors of economy; and the category of national income (net production) being taken as the result of capital investment. The methodology was described in the officially approved document ‘Methodological Guidelines for Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Investment Projects (Second Edition)’, which corresponded to the guidelines of the research centre of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Our analysis brings to light certain drawbacks in the methods described in this document, more specifically, the inaccuracies in the evaluation criteria, the lack of methods for calculation of the corresponding indicators, and the shortcomings of the established indicators of economic effectiveness, in particular the main indicator -the net present value. In accordance with the established methodology, we calculate not the amount of net present value but only a part of it and the method of calculating this part boils down to testing whether the desired level of profitability is ensured or not. To improve this methodology, it is proposed to apply a combination of income- and property-based approaches. The newly generated value should be taken as the result of investment (on the national level — national income, on the level of production entities — net output). Since this approach focuses on the satisfaction of the economic interests of the government, investors and employees, apart from general effectiveness, it is recommended to differentiate between entrepreneurial, budget-related and labour-related components of effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":125794,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131776753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decomposition of the Labor Productivity Dynamics in Donor and Recipient Regions of the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦援助国和受援国劳动生产率动态的分解

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-4.24

A. A. Pushakrev, A. Sennikova

引用次数: 0

Interdisciplinary Synthesis in Economics 经济学的跨学科综合

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-4.3

T.O. Provolovich

{"title":"Interdisciplinary Synthesis in Economics","authors":"T.O. Provolovich","doi":"10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-4.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to identify the factors that influence the methods and outcomes of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary synthesis in economics, in particular with natural science, social studies and humanities. Our analysis focused on neuroeconomics resulting from an interdisciplinary synthesis of economics and neuroscience. We also considered the multidisciplinary economic socio-cognitive-neurobiological synthesis of Peter C. Whybrow and Matthew D. Lieberman. Third, we analyzed the multidisciplinary synthesis of psychology, economics and sociology by Y. I. Alexandrov and S. G. Kirdina-Chandler. We compared these cases of modern interdisciplinary synthesis and showed that the experimental ideal of the natural sciences which neuroeconomics is oriented at creates methodological constraints for the research of socio-economic processes, aspects of human society and culture. In other words, these processes and phenomena are reduced to biological or physical ones. Thus, neuroeconomics can serve as an example of ‘unequal interdisciplinary relation’. The multidisciplinary synthesis of Wybrow and Lieberman is more successful. It provides a comprehensive description of both the economic agent and the social reality in which it resides and it explains economic interactions within a broader perspective. However, this synthesis is still at the initial stage, since most of the statements are hypothetical and require additional experimental verification. We believe that the multidisciplinary synthesis of Alexandrov and Kirdina-Chandler (Alexandrov, Kirdina, 2012) is the most promising for economic research. We distinguish two main factors for the success of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary synthesis in economics: either none of the sciences involved in the synthesis dominates or the synthesis is based on the general picture of the world, including objects and methods from different sciences and relies on a single meta-methodology or paradigm methodology.","PeriodicalId":125794,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123625550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effective Use of Human Capital in the Conditions of Russian Economy Digitalization 俄罗斯经济数字化条件下人力资本的有效利用

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-2.5

N. Gabdullin, I. Kirshin

引用次数: 4

Impact of Technological Innovations on the Structure and Functions of Large Businesses in Economy 技术创新对经济中大型企业结构和功能的影响

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-3.20

M. Maslennikov

引用次数: 0

Territorial Clusters as a Mechanism for Spatial Development of Russian Economy 地域集群:俄罗斯经济空间发展的机制

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-4.6

A. Fonotov, O. Bergal

引用次数: 4

Economic Consumption Theory: Types, Properties and Useful Goods 经济消费理论:类型、属性和有用商品

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-1.6

O. Sukharev

引用次数: 1

Innovation Ecosystem: Review of the Research Field 创新生态系统:研究领域综述

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.10

V. Akberdina, E. Vasilenko

{"title":"Innovation Ecosystem: Review of the Research Field","authors":"V. Akberdina, E. Vasilenko","doi":"10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2021.18-3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on a relatively new concept of innovation ecosystem. The purpose of this article is to provide an analytical review of the Russian and international research field associated with this concept. The study relies on the methods of meaningful content analysis of publications. The article outlines the history of the concept’s emergence; six different approaches to its understanding and their evolution. Based on a wide range of sources, the analysis reveals the fundamental aspects of the concept directly related to the diversity of its applications. Demonstrating the differences between the concept of innovation ecosystem and other similar concepts (e. g. digital ecosystem, regional innovation ecosystem), we show the main feature of all ecosystems — the coevolution of its participants throughout their interaction. The factors that affect the development of innovation ecosystems are also identified. The final part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the interpretations of the concept ‘innovation ecosystem’ and to the conceptual ‘traps’ inherent in the operationalization of this concept. The concept ‘innovation ecosystem’ is now beginning to acquire practical significance marking the transition to a new paradigm in management; it is the starting point for a variety of approaches designed to solve specific practical problems.","PeriodicalId":125794,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121682464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Opportunistic Behaviour of Employees: its Causes and Ways of Overcoming it 员工机会主义行为的成因及克服途径

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2020.17-4.9

V. Belkin, N. Belkina, O. Antonova

{"title":"Opportunistic Behaviour of Employees: its Causes and Ways of Overcoming it","authors":"V. Belkin, N. Belkina, O. Antonova","doi":"10.31063/2073-6517/2020.17-4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2020.17-4.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows that the root of opportunistic behavior of employees in Russia is alienation of labor as employees are excluded from participation in property and management relations. The main reasons behind opportunism among employees are the discrepancy between the economic interests of the owners of labor-power (workers) and the owners of the means of production (employers), information asymmetry, and the fact that slacking often goes unnoticed in enterprises. The study relies on the data collected by the authors in a number of enterprises. Thus, the analysis brings to light the main factors that determine the tendency of workers to slack off and the scale of this problem in Russian enterprises and leads the authors to propose their own definition of the term “opportunistic behavior of workers”. The article discusses opportunistic behavior of employers, which is also a widely spread phenomenon. Employers’ opportunism may occur both before and after the conclusion of the employment contract and stems from the employer’ s desire to reduce labour costs. To a great extent such behaviour is caused by employers’ dominant position in relation to the vast majority of workers. Under the threat of unemployment, most workers are forced to agree to the conditions dictated by employers. Thus, the authors also propose a definition of the term “opportunistic behavior of employers”. The collapse of the North American company ENRON is considered as a practical example of harmful socio-economic effects of employer opportunism. The authors’ findings concerning the reasons behind opportunistic behaviour at work are further used to suggest ways of overcoming this problem. Keywords: opportunism, opportunistic behavior of employees, opportunistic behavior of employers, alienation of labor, overcoming opportunism of employees, values of corporate culture, stages to overcome opportunistic behavior of employees, concept to overcome opportunistic behavior of employees in Russian enterprises.","PeriodicalId":125794,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133469662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Assessment of Social and Innovation Projects of the Region 评估区内的社会及创新项目

Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31063/2073-6517/2019.16-1.2

E. Popov, A. Veretennikova, A. Safronova

引用次数: 1