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Polymer Reaction Engineering最新文献

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Modeling and Simulation of Equal Density Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene 苯乙烯等密度种子乳液聚合的建模与仿真
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.2000.10744540
Jung-Hyun Kim, I. Cheong, Do-Ik Lee
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of Equal Density Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene","authors":"Jung-Hyun Kim, I. Cheong, Do-Ik Lee","doi":"10.1080/10543414.2000.10744540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.2000.10744540","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Equal density polymerization concept was proposed to simulate a micro-gravity environment based on a semi-continuous monomer addition process. A general model for this particular process was derived to calculate the specific monomer addition rate. Dynamic monomer feeding rates for an equal density condition were obtained with different reaction temperatures, initial sizes of seed particles, and initiator concentrations. The average number of radicals per particle was calculated by pseudo-bulk kinetics equation proposed by R. G. Gilbert et al. (1995) in both batch and semi-continuous conditions. A generalized dynamic feeding equation was derived to maintain an equal density condition by using a simple relationship concerning the volume fraction of monomer in growing polymer particles.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131263153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Model-Based Control of Emulsion Terpolymers Based on Calorimetric Measurements 基于量热测量的乳液型三元共聚物模型控制
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.2000.10744538
Isabel Sáenz de Buruaga, J. R. Leiza, J. Asua
{"title":"Model-Based Control of Emulsion Terpolymers Based on Calorimetric Measurements","authors":"Isabel Sáenz de Buruaga, J. R. Leiza, J. Asua","doi":"10.1080/10543414.2000.10744538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.2000.10744538","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The feasibility of the on-line control of emulsion terpolymers based on calorimetric measurements was assessed. First the inference of the terpolymer composition from calorimetric measurements was studied and experimentally validated. Two control strategies were used to maximize the production of BuA/MMA/Sty latexes under safe conditions, maintaining simultaneously the terpolymer composition of the polymer at predefined values. The application of these strategies to systems affected by a severe gel effect is discussed.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131982301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Kinetic Simulation of Living Carbocationic Polymerizations I. Simulation of Living Isobutylene Polymerization 活性碳阳离子聚合的动力学模拟I.活性异丁烯聚合的模拟
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744530
J. Puskas, Hai Peng
{"title":"Kinetic Simulation of Living Carbocationic Polymerizations I. Simulation of Living Isobutylene Polymerization","authors":"J. Puskas, Hai Peng","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744530","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe kinetic behaviour of living isobutylene polymerization initiated by TMPCI/TiCI4 at −80 °C in Hx/MeCl solvent mixture was simulated using the PREDICI® polymerization simulation software. The basis of the simulation was the newly developed comprehensive mechanistic scheme, involving a series of consecutive and competitive reactions. This scheme accounts for the interesting phenomenon that living isobutylene polymerization may display either first or second order dependence on [TiCl4]0, depending on reaction conditions. The complex mechanism of the system was simplified and the kinetics was described using composite rate constants. The simulation results showed good agreement with experimental data.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126124129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Bulk Terpolymer Composition Prediction from Copolymer Reactivity Ratios 共聚物反应性比预测三元共聚物组成
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744527
Rémy Beauchemin, M. Dubé
{"title":"Bulk Terpolymer Composition Prediction from Copolymer Reactivity Ratios","authors":"Rémy Beauchemin, M. Dubé","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744527","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTBulk terpolymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) up to full conversion levels was studied at BA/MMA/VAc initial mass ratios of 20/50/30, 50/20/30, 20/60/20, 60/20/20, 10/40/50, and 40/10/50. The experiments were carried out to high conversion levels at 50°C with an initiator concentration of 0.071 mol/L (2,2'-azo-(bis)isobutyronitrile) and a chain transfer agent concentration of 0.0058 mol/L (n-dodecyl mercaptan). For each experiment, samples were analyzed for conversion by gravimetry and for composition by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy.The overall rate of polymerization was greatly influenced by the amount of BA in the feed and to a lesser degree by the ratio of acrylic monomers (BA + MMA) to VAc in the feed. Using reactivity ratios previously estimated from low conversion bulk copolymerization experiments, the bulk terpolymerization composition data were well predicted by terminal model kinetics up to high conversion levels.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127374132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Assessing the Validity of the Universal Calibration Concept in THF and DMAC for a Variety of Polymers and Column Supports 评估THF和DMAC通用校准概念对各种聚合物和柱支撑的有效性
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744526
T. Provder, C. Kuo, R. Sanayei, K. O'driscoll
{"title":"Assessing the Validity of the Universal Calibration Concept in THF and DMAC for a Variety of Polymers and Column Supports","authors":"T. Provder, C. Kuo, R. Sanayei, K. O'driscoll","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744526","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe validity of the universal calibration concept in tetrahydroforan (THF) and in dimethylacetamide (DMAC) is explored in the low molecular weight region for molecular weights less than 10,000 daltons. A variety of calibrant polymer types and column packings are studied utilizing a single capillary GPC-viscometer (DV)/differential refractometer (DRI) chromatographic system. Use is made of the Sanayei-O'Driscoll-Rudin single parameter universal calibration model based on Ko to assess the validity of the universal calibration concept.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133987900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comb-Branched Polymer Formation During Copolymerization with Macromonomer 与大单体共聚过程中梳状支化聚合物的形成
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744531
H. Tobita
{"title":"Comb-Branched Polymer Formation During Copolymerization with Macromonomer","authors":"H. Tobita","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744531","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe branched structure development during copolymerization with macromonomer is investigated by using the Monte Carlo simulation method on the basis of the random sampling technique. The present simulation method is quite general, and in principle, can be applied irrespective of the copolymerization mechanisms and the reactor types used. Free-radical copolymerization systems are used to illustrate the proposed technique. In the Monte Carlo simulation, one can investigate the structure of each polymer molecule directly and very detailed structural information can be obtained in a straightforward manner, including the full distributions of molecular weight and copolymer composition, and the spatial conformation of each polymer molecule. The elution curve of the size exclusion chromatography is also simulated. The present Monte Carlo simulation method can be used to design and control the comb-branched graft polymers formed in the copolymerization with macromonomers.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123757203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
High Impact Polypropylene—Interaction of Residence Time Distribution, Thermal Deactivation and Poisoning of Active Sites on the Distribution of the Ratio of Rubber/Polypropylene Among Polymer Particles 高冲击聚丙烯——停留时间分布、热失活和活性位点中毒对聚合物颗粒中橡胶/聚丙烯比分布的相互作用
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744528
H. Kawai, A. E. Hamielec
{"title":"High Impact Polypropylene—Interaction of Residence Time Distribution, Thermal Deactivation and Poisoning of Active Sites on the Distribution of the Ratio of Rubber/Polypropylene Among Polymer Particles","authors":"H. Kawai, A. E. Hamielec","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744528","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTA polymerization process model for the continuous production of high impact polypropylene using Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts has been developed and this is reported herein. The novel features of the model are the incorporation of the effects and interactions of residence-time distributions (RTD's) in each polymerization stage (homo and copolymerization stages), and the effects of thermal deactivation and poisoning of active sites on the distribution of the ratio of rubber (EPR)/polypropylene (i-PP) among the polymer particles leaving the copolymerization stage. It was shown that narrower RTD's narrow the distribution of EPR content in the polymer product. Poisoning can narrow the distribution as well. In addition, in our sample calculations, it was observed that 1-CSTR in both polymerization stages with poison can have the same effect on the distribution of EPR in the polymer product as 3-CSTR's in both stages without poison.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116223162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Emulsion Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and Butadiene in an Industrial Batch Reactor. Estimation of Conversion and Polymer Quality from On-line Energy Measurements 丙烯腈和丁二烯在工业间歇反应器中的乳液共聚。从在线能量测量中估计转化率和聚合物质量
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744529
L. Gugliotta, J. Vega, C. Antonione, G. Meira
{"title":"Emulsion Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and Butadiene in an Industrial Batch Reactor. Estimation of Conversion and Polymer Quality from On-line Energy Measurements","authors":"L. Gugliotta, J. Vega, C. Antonione, G. Meira","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744529","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTA method for monitoring an industrial emulsion copolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene for the production of two NBR grades is presented. From an on-line calculation of the reaction heat (proportional to the mass flow rate of evaporated refrigerant), three open-loop estimators of increasing complexity were developed for monitoring conversion, copolymer composition, and average molecular weights. A good agreement between on-line estimates and off-line measurements was obtained.","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126926544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Some Comments on Polymer Reaction Engineering 对聚合物反应工程的几点看法
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744525
K. O'driscoll
{"title":"Some Comments on Polymer Reaction Engineering","authors":"K. O'driscoll","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128835440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Size Exclusion Chromatography: Practical Methods for Quantitative Results 粒径排除色谱法:定量结果的实用方法
Polymer Reaction Engineering Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/10543414.1999.10744521
S. Balke, T. Mourey, T. Schunk
{"title":"Size Exclusion Chromatography: Practical Methods for Quantitative Results","authors":"S. Balke, T. Mourey, T. Schunk","doi":"10.1080/10543414.1999.10744521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1999.10744521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSize exclusion chromatography (SEC) is now a common polymer analysis method employed in polymer reaction engineering studies. However, this once simple technique is no longer very simple. In this overview we selectively review the literature relevant to the practical use of SEC to obtain quantitative results. Fractionation, detection, calibration, resolution correction and system development are examined in turn. It becomes evident that, at this stage in SEC development, each of these areas is advancing very rapidly. This means that valuable additional quantitative information on polymer molecular properties is now obtainable.However, this additional information is accompanied by significant additional sources of error and uncertainty. The original SEC with only a differential refractive index detector is currently the most reliable and precise system, as well as being the most limited in what information it provides. New methods of linking results from such simple systems with multi-detector “res...","PeriodicalId":124648,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reaction Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117075150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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