Forestry Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"The effect of volcanic eruptions on the radial growth of trees in the forests of the Mari El Republic","authors":"Yu. P. Demakov","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/16","url":null,"abstract":"The data ofthe long-term dynamics of radial growth for Pinus sylvestris L., Picea×fennica (Regel) Kom., Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Quercus robur L. in the forests of theof Mari El Republic (Middle Volga region, Russia) are presented. The objective of the study wasto obtain fundamental knowledge about the reactions of trees and biogeocenoses in general to the effects of various environmental factors. The research was conducted in different types of forest and vegetation conditions of Mari ElRepublic according to the traditional method in dendrochronology, which based on the wood cores, measuring the width of the annual rings of trees and subsequent mathematical processing of the initial time series: highlighting the age trend, calculating the annual growth indices and their smoothing by the method of a moving average with a lag of 7 years. The length of the dendrochronological series varied from 70 to 300 years. Was shown that the dynamics of tree growth indices in each ecotope has a clearly pronounced wave-like character, but the period of fluctuations is unstable and variedwithin large limits. All decreases in the magnitude of the growth indices were associated with a series of volcanic eruptions and explosions of Supernova and powerful solar flares that destabilized the state of the climate system of our planet. The impact of the current weather anomalies on the dynamics of tree growth was very weak and not always unambiguous. The results indicate the ambiguity of the reaction of trees in response to the same changes in external conditions, which is associated with the peculiarities of the genotypic and age structure of their cenopopulations, as well as the spatial heterogeneity of ecotopes and the entire lithosphere, which is a complex fractal-wave system of lineaments (tectonic faults, watercourses, karst voids, etc.). In this regard, in our opinion, attempts to reconstruct the dynamics of climate in the past, especially changes in temperature and precipitation, according to dendrochronological series, which reflect only information about the degree of favorable conditions for tree growth, are untenable.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial growth of Pinus sylvestris L. under industrial pollution on the Kola Peninsula","authors":"P. Katyutin, Irina Lyanguzova","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/18","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of the 21st century in many countries, including Russia (Kola Peninsula), there has been a sharp decrease in the volume of atmospheric emissions from industrial enterprises, which made it possible to trace the reaction of plants to the reduction of aerotechnogenic load. In some regions, very slow recovery of some components of disturbed terrestrial ecosystems has begun; therefore, the urgent task of this study was to reveal the response of radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stem wood to reduced atmospheric emissions of pollutants from the “Severonickel” Combine (Murmansk Region). At the sample plots, established in lichen-green-moss pine forests, 60-65 (background areas), 30 (buffer zone) and 10 (impact zone) km away from the pollution source, stem wood cores (20-50 pieces) were taken from weakened and severely weakened Scots pine trees at a height of 1.3 m from the ground surface using a Pressler drill. At the same time, average samples of the upper organogenic horizon of Al-Fe-humus podzols were taken from each sample plot to assess the level of habitat contamination by heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Co), the content of acid-soluble forms of which was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The width of annual rings of each core was measured on a semi-automatic device LINTAB 6, cross-dated and the synchrony index was calculated. It was found that the current level of heavy metal pollution of habitats remains high (buffer zone, the anthropogenic load index varies 7-18 rel. units) and very high (impact zone, the average anthropogenic load index is over 140 rel. units). The most pronounced response of Scots pine radial growth to the reduction of aerotechnogenic load is manifested in the impact zone, where for the period 2000-2019 the width of annual rings increased 2-3 times in relation to the period 1980-1999, and is now comparable or even exceeds the background values. Thus, with further reduction of atmospheric emissions by the “Severonickel” Combine, it is possible to restore the productivity of Scots pine trunk wood in the polluted area.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"71 s296","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and geochemical features of mercury accumulation in coniferous wood in the Altai Region","authors":"Elena Lyapina","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/19","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of the level of mercury load on the territory of the Altai Region was carried out using the dendrogeochemistry method. The study area is located in the north-west of the Altai Region within the Kulunda Plain. The studied trees were represented by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and siberian larch (Larix sibirica L.). The average concentrations of mercury in the cores of all studied trees vary in a wide range: 2-493 ng/g. The maximum average contents are observed at the extreme sampling points: south and north - on the periphery of the sampling area. The research covers the time interval: 1952-2018. There is a period with a significant increase in the average mercury content in tree rings from 1957 to 1990, after which there was a sharp decrease in the concentration of the element. Numerous extremes are observed in the interval: 1978-1988. Calculations of geoecological parameters of mercury load in the study area showed an excess of mercury content in tree rings above background values, as well as the noosphere clarke, average for terrestrial plants and living matter. Almost all studied trees are characterized by a similar pattern of mercury accumulation in trees. A connection was revealed in the accumulation of mercury in wood cores of coniferous trees with the substrate, as well as pine needles. Mercury accumulated by pine needles affects the concentration of the element in the pine litter, and thereby the level of pollutant in the substrate. A high proportion of bioavailable forms of mercury in dark chestnut soils and southern chernozems. When accumulating an element, it is important to take into account the amount and duration of precipitation both during the year and during the growing season.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure of high elevation forests in Katunsky Range (the Altai Mountains)","authors":"Svetlana Nikolaeva, D. Savchuk, Aleksandr Kuznecov, E. Filimonova","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/21","url":null,"abstract":"High elevation forests are both a good natural object for studying the forest dynamics and a sensitive indicator of the impact of various external factors on them. These forests on the Katunsky Range of the Altai Mountains have been studied extremely poorly. The purpose of the work is to describe the size and age structure of tree stands of forest communities and to reveal the effect of environmental factors on them in the upper part of the forest belt of the Katunsky Range (the Altai Mountains) using the Akkem glacial basin as an example. Six sample areas of 0.05-0.12 ha were used at two altitude levels (2065-2080 and 2220-2240 m a.s.l.). A total of 232 adult trees and 209 saplings and seedlings were examined, aged 86 and 180, respectively. The size and age structure of the forest stand and saplings and seedlings has been established. Three main generations of trees that established on the valley slopes have been identified in the forest stand (the first generation is trees of 530-580 years old, the second is the trees of 270-410 years old, and the third is trees of 30-120 years old) and one additional generation (130-170 years old). They established at the end of the Medieval warming (XV-XVI centuries), during the Little Ice Age (XVII-mid-XIX centuries), and during the warming which began in the mid-XIX centuries. Factors have been identified that limit the spread and the structure of the high elevation forests: geomorphological, wildfires, logging.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miyake events: a review of the state-of-the-art","authors":"R. Hantemirov","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/23","url":null,"abstract":"Miyake events are fast and significant radiocarbon rises in the Earth's atmosphere. Japanese researchers from Nagoya University discovered this kind of event based on radiocarbon analysis in tree rings. They found a spike in the radioactive carbon isotope in the ring of 775AD compared to the 774AD ring. Subsequently, all such events became known by the name of the first author of the seminal paper. To date, five Miyake events have been discovered: around 12350 BC, in 7176 and 5259 BC, in 775 and 993 AD. The events of 5410 BC, 1052 and 1279 AD are less pronounced and require confirmation. Among the possible reasons for the sharp increase in the content of radiocarbon in the atmosphere a comet falling to the Earth or to the Sun, a short gamma-ray burst, a supernova outbreak were suggested. The most likely version, however, is considered to be solar energetic particles as a result of a super-powerful solar flare. Such solar events should lead to auroras in low latitudes. However, in the annals of Europe, the Middle East and the Far East, no reliable records of auroras in the years of Miyake events have been found. Nowadays, Miyake events are used in many fields of science, for example, to check the reliability of dendrochronological dating, for accurate dating of ice core layers. The most important, however, is considered to be the possibility of radiocarbon dating with an accuracy of one year.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic influence on the age structure of tree stands in ecotone of the northern treeline on the Yamal Peninsula","authors":"V.Ya. Bessonova, V. Kukarskih, N. Devi, Ivan Surkov, Aleksandr Surkov, Lyudmila Gorlanova, R. Hantemirov","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/14","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial and temporal dynamics of forest-tundra communities was studied on the Yamal Peninsula within the northern treeline ecotone. The paper presents the results of surveying 12 sample plots and more than 1000 trees of Siberian larch and Siberian spruce. Based on cross-dated tree-ring chronologies, the age structure and dynamics of stands for the last 150 years were obtained. Dynamic processes in stands of the northern treeline ecotone are most pronounced in the sparse forests, where there has been a sharp increase in stand density since the middle of the 20th century. Correlation analysis of tree establishment time with instrumental observations of climatic variables showed that the establishment of new larch and spruce individuals in different stand types is significantly influenced by the amount of precipitation in June-August.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impact of radiation contamination on radial growth of petiole oak in the Alekseevskoye lesnichestvo of Belgorod oblast","authors":"Polina Drygina, A. Vodolazhskiy","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/17","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the issues related to environmental pollution by factors of various origins are topical. The article considers the impact of such technogenic pollution as radiation. At present. the study of this area is quite relevant. since a prosperous human existence does not do without the use of nuclear energy. In this regard. the risk of catastrophes is increasing. which entails irreversible consequences for plant communities and the biosphere as a whole. An example of such irreversible consequences is the largest catastrophe of the last century, which occurred at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. It is the consequences associated with this event are affected in this paper. since the objects of the study are located in the area directly exposed to the wave of radiation damage. The paper reveals the issue of the impact of radiation contamination on plants. The object of the study were plantations of oak cherry. Plots with minimum (1-4.99 Curie) and maximum (5-14.99 Curie) radiation doses. as well as a \"clean\" control plot were selected. We clarified the features of the influence of different doses of radiation on the growth of pedunculate oak using the dendrochronological method and revealed the reliability of the results obtained using mathematical statistics methods for a selected number of samples. The dynamics of radial growth of oak trees at the studied objects was studied. Based on the obtained analytical data, a tendency for the influence of radiation on growth was established, namely, a decrease in the values of radial growth was established. It was also established that the change in growth depends on the dose of radioactive radiation the objects under study were exposed to.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate sensitivity alteration of the Middle Sikhote-Alin main conifer species","authors":"Marina Rubleva, Anna Vozmishcheva, Svetlana Bondarchuk","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/22","url":null,"abstract":"Climate of the South of the Russian Far East is exposed to changes that are proved by meteorological data. Trees are a reliable indirect indicator of Global climate change, which has been confirmed in a number of published works around the world. The multi-species, multi-level, structurally complex forests of the Middle Sikhote-Alin are distinguished by their complex dynamic processes and the absence of direct anthropogenic influence. The trees’ response to climatic factors with which there is a significant reliable relationship (precipitation, temperature) is observed in this work. Cores were selected using standard dendrochronological approaches. The “treeclim” package of R software was used for dendroclimatic analysis. Graphs were obtained for the dynamics of climatic sensitivity of the main conifer species of the Middle Sikhote-Alin (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc., Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim., Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carriere, Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen.) for a period of 78 years. The stability of dendroclimatic relationships in time was examined and the periods of its alteration were noted. The most climate-sensitive species among those studied were Gmelin larch and Ayan spruce. They are most vulnerable to droughts and their habitats may shift northward with further increases in growing season mean monthly air temperatures.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of anomalies in the structure and size of annual rings in mossy and ledum pine forests","authors":"A. Khokh","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/24","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents new experimental data and reveals the regular variability of the formation of density fluctuations, frost and fallen annual rings in mossy (Pinetum pleurozium) and ledum (Pinetum ledosum) pine forests. The main statistical characteristics of generalized tree-ring chronologies are analyzed, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the average, maximum and minimum width of annual rings depending on the type of forest are established. It has been experimentally established that in ledum pine forests the number of anomalies is 3.34 times greater than in mossy pine forests. There were 229 density fluctuations in mossy pine, 530 in ledum, frost damage – 28 and 159, fallen tree rings – 10 and 202, in compliance. The most unfavorable years, which were reflected in the radial growth of mossy pine forests, were 1979 and 1980; the maximum number of detected anomalies (91,4%) occurred in 1907, 1928, 1958, 1971, 1985, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1999, 2010 and 2017. The most unfavorable years, which were reflected in the radial growth of ledum pine forests, were 1906 and 1940 ; the maximum number of detected anomalies (89.7%) occurred in 1928, 1937, 1944, 1946, 1963, 1965, 1974, 1977, 1981, 1982, 1991, 2000 and 2016. There are no coincidences of the formation of anomalies and minima of growth in mossy and ledum pine forests, as far as the degree of responses to changes in external conditions in these types of forests is different. The conducted studies have shown that the structure of annual rings of common pine can be considered as a reflection of the features of seasonal growth of trees, while the formation of anomalies of the structure is largely determined by soil-hydrological conditions of growth.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendroclimatology of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Usmansky pine forest conditions of Voronezh region","authors":"S. Matveev, Darya Litovchenko","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.4/20","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of the radial increment of a 150-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) tree stand in the Usmansky pine forest, Voronezh region (island forest of the forest-steppe of the Russian Plain), was studied as an indicator of the dynamics of climatic conditions and the basis of tree stand productivity. The cyclical dynamics of the increment of total, early and late wood of Scots pine over a period of more than a century was revealed, due to the influence of growth-limiting climate factors. In the dynamics of fluctuations in the total width of tree rings and early wood of Scots pine, as well as the growth-limiting factor, atmospheric precipitation, the Brickner cycle prevails, lasting 32, 40-41 years. The 11- and 24-year cycles are also clearly visible. In the dynamics of latewood fluctuations, the 10-11-year cyclicity is most pronounced. In solar activity fluctuations, the leading one is the 10-11-year cyclic component. Fluctuations in the hydrothermal coefficient are dominated by a high-frequency component (2-4 years); low-frequency cyclicity is also present (73, 50, 38 years, etc.). Correlations and the strength of influence of key limiting factors for the Central forest-steppe have been established: the amount of precipitation and air temperatures. The importance of March precipitation for the formation of early wood and April precipitation of late wood was revealed. For May-August, there is a clearly expressed positive correlation with precipitation (up to 0.42 in May for early wood) and a negative correlation with temperature (up to -0.3 for early wood, also in May). The correlation coefficient with the HTC is significantly higher than with precipitation and temperature separately for all types of wood. The relationship is positive and significant (0.52-0.55). The strength of influence on the formation of the width of annual rings is also maximum for HTC (up to 81 % for late wood). A preliminary assessment of carbon sequestration by mature pine plantations was carried out. It was revealed that one average tree of a 150-year-old forest stand deposited 12.8 g of carbon on average over the last 10 years (2013-2022).","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}