International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Determination of organochlorine pesticides residues in water, fish and sediment samples from River Tella, Gassol, Taraba State, Nigeria","authors":"Haruna Ibrahim, O N Maitera","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed at determining the levels of organochlorine pesticides residues in water, sediment and fish species at River Tella to find out the extent of pesticide contamination and accumulation in the river. Total of fourteen (14) organochlorine pesticide residues were analyzed which include Delta lindane, Alpha Lindane, Beta Lindane, Gamma Lindane, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, Endosulfan I, Endosulfan II, P’P-DDE, P’P-DDD, P’P-DDT and Methoxychlor. The water sample was subjected to liquid-liquid extraction method while the fish and the sediment samples were subjected to soxhlet extraction. The extracts were later analyzed for organochlorine pesticide residues using Gas-Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The study has revealed that the level of pesticides residues in water was less than that of fish and sediment which was also below the WHO/FAO values. It was also observed that high concentrations recorded were recorded in high in Gamma Lindane (24.71), follow by Alpha Lindane (23.70) and Beta Lindane (4.50). Mormyrus rume follow by Claria gariepinus while the Tilapia zilli recorded low concentration of the pesticide residues. The Aldrin recorded high concentration of 5.11 ppm in Mormyrus rume follow by Endosulfon II which recorded the concentration of 25.03 ppm also in Mormyrus rume. Endrin also recorded the concentration of 4.88 ppm in Clarias. gariepinus. The lowest pesticide residues was recorded in p,p'-DDD (0.01 ppm), p,p'-DDT (0.03 ppm), Methoxychlor (0.01 ppm). The Heptachlor epoxide and P’P-DDE were not detected in water sample. The presence of high concentration in fish may pose a great danger when these fish are being consumed over time. Regular monitoring is therefore required to control the levels of pesticide residues in the water bodies. The measurement of the fish showed that Clarias gariepinus had the average length of 15.89 cm, and average weight of 179.87 g. Mormyrus rume had the average length of 15. 18 cm, and average weight of 210. 54g. Tilapia zilli was the least species of fish sample with a length of 12.96 cm and average weight of 96.88 g. The water quality parameters of the river were also studied, which recorded the temperature of 28.89 oC was recorded, pH value of 9.01, Conductivity value of 40.11, DO value of 6.14 and TDS of 2.35.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129490725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What computer programs can be used to detect a viral pathogen?","authors":"Carlos Navarro Venegas","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Current virology uses biotools from some internet platforms that are still free of charge. This has allowed virology -like other medical disciplines- to take a quantum leap towards the detection and diagnosis of viral pathogens in conjunction with the brilliant idea developed by Kary Mullis. Not forgetting André Lwoff: Viruses are viruses, the detection of a virus does not differ even if it affects humans or another species: One Health.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124316950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pH on heavy metals availability on crude oil remediated and non-remediated soil, Nkeleoken Community Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"BN Hikon, HM Maina, A. Joseph","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at examining the influence of pH on heavy metals availability in polluted and non-polluted soils. The findings showed that metal availability depends on soil solution which is pH dependent. The values of pH in Nkeleoken remediated soil (RSENa, RSENb, RSENc) in dry season were 6.01, 5.87, 5.78 and 6.64, 5.77, 5.68 in wet season with mean values of 5.89±0.05 and 6.03±0.53 while the pH of the contaminated soil ranged between 4.31 – 4.41. The mean values of heavy metals in Nkeleoken remediated soil are; Se (318±9.88; 326±11.6 mg/kg), Cd (3.65; 3.82±1.09 mg/kg), V (1095±71.05; 1189±149 mg/kg), Ba (8.98±1.53; 9.40±1.89 mg/kg), Cu (8.19±0.08; 8.84±0.14 mg/kg), Ni (0.02±0.01 mg/kg), As (5.52±2.35; 10.3±2.38mg/kg), Pb (1.73±0.32; 2.70±1.38 mg/kg) and Cr (23.1±4.05; 23.1±4.05 mg/kg). The results revealed that V and Se had the highest concentration level followed by As while the least concentrations were observed in Cd, Ba, Pb and Cr in both dry and wet season. The concentrations of heavy metals in the non-remediated soil ranged from 866 – 868 mg/kg, 1356 – 6332 mg/kg, 211 – 218 mg/kg, 73.6 – 79.0, and 866 – 868 mg/kg for Se, V, Ba Pb and as in dry and wet seasons. However, Cr concentrations ranged from 6.03 – 7.02 mg/kg. The concentrations of V and Se in the non-remediated soils (NRSENx - NRSENz) during dry and wet seasons were higher than their corresponding in the remediated soils likewise the recommended values set by DPR (2012).","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115899960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of spent hydrocarbon on bacteria population","authors":"Yusuf UA, Ekeleme IK, Owuna EJ, Ochai SS, Obiekezie SO","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2023.2.1.0033","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at the effect of spent hydrocarbon contamination on microbial population in soil. Standard microbiological methods were used to determine the total heterotrophic count hydrocarbon utilization, isolation and identification of bacterial and effect of pH and spent hydrocarbon concentration on bacterial. The total heterotrophic bacterial count (THB) ranges from 6.2 ± 0.13 x106 to 3.2± 0.10 x106 cfu/g. The total hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial count ranges from 3.2 ± 0.13 x106 to 1.2± 0.10 x106 cfu/g. The bacterial isolated were Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens, Klebsiella aerogenes and Proteus hauseri. It was observed that Bacillus subtiliis had the highest occurrence from location E (50.0%). Pseudomonas flourescens from location A and B (33.3%) and Proteus hauseri had the highest occurrence from location C (66.6%). The effect of pH on bacterial growth rate analyzed showed that Bacillus subtilis had the highest turbidity at pH 6.5 (0.511 ± 0.15 nmm), Klebsiella aerogenes had the highest turbidity at pH 7.5 (0.233 ± 0.33nm), Pseudomonas flourescens was at pH 6.5 (0.723 ± 0.61 nm) and Proteus sp recorded highest turbidity at pH 6.5 (0.373 ± 0.22nm) followed by pH 5.5 (0.237 ± 0.19 nm). The effect of spent hydrocarbon concentration showed that Bacillus subtilis recorded highest turbidity at 10% concentration (0.744 ± 0.03 nm), Klebsiella aerogenes recorded highest at 10% concentration (0.321 ± 0.21 nm), Pseudomonas flourescens was at 10% concentration (0.887 ± 0.23 nm) and Proteus sp recorded highest turbidity at 10% concentration (0.378 ± 0.13 nm). From this study it was observed that indigenous bacterial had the ability to utilized the spent hydrocarbon if the pH of the soil is regulated.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116839614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutualistic relationship of the Agaonidae Family (Insecta: Hymenoptera) with Ficus sp. (Moraceae) contributing to diversity and sustainability in tropical forests","authors":"Carlos Henrique Marchiori","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.2.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.2.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Species of the Family Agaonidae are associated with the genus Ficus , as the species of the subfamily Agaoninae behave as pollinators, while the other species are mainly parasites of pollinators or gall formers from other parts of the fig. The male's life cycle is exhausted inside the fig tree's syconium: its role is to mate with the female and, therefore, with its robust jaws, open an exit for her (it is the opposite of what happens among the Strepsiptera, in which the female never leaves the host). Once fertilized, the female will leave the host fig to lay eggs in other figs, thus completing pollination. The objective of this paper is to survey the biology, bionomy and taxonomy of the Agoanidae Family (Hymenoptera). To this end, a bibliographic survey of Agaonidae was carried out in the years 1916 to 2021. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Pubmed, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science and ERIC.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127502832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-chemical analysis of the quality of sachet water and their source point sold in Bwari Area Council Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria","authors":"Akin-Osanaiye Bukola Catherine, Izuakor Evangeline Chioma","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of the physicochemical water quality parameters plays a vital role in assessing the water environment, and restoring water quality. This study was conducted to assess the physicochemical parameters of four brand of sachet water, and their source points using standard methods of American Public Health Association (APHA). The values for physical parameters which include temperature, colour, turbidity, total dissolved solid, and conductivity were all within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit for both the source of water and sachet water. Chemical parameters include pH, chloride ion, electrical conductivity and alkalinity were also all within the WHO limit except total hardness which had a value of 222 mg/L for source of water (brand A) which was above the 200 mg/L limit of the WHO. The analysis of the heavy metals showed that iron and cadmium were not detected in all the samples analyzed, chromium was only found in brand A, with 0.10mg/mL for the source of water and 0.12 mg/L for the sachet water and this was above the WHO maximum contamination level of 0.05 mg/ml. Copper was found in all the samples ranging from 0.19 - 0.27 mg/ml for the source of water while a range of 0.15 - 0.24 mg/ml was recorded for the sachet water. There was no significant difference (p≥0.05) in the values of heavy metals obtained. The values recorded for the source of water in this study was higher than the values for sachet water for most of the physicochemical parameters analyzed which could indicate that there is an effect of the treatment process on the sachet water.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115084377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of biodiversity in food security","authors":"Abdurazak Sufiyan","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the world population is increasing at an alarming rate and production of food should be increased. Biological Diversity or biodiversity component particularly agro-biodiversity such as crop and horticultural biodiversity, animal biodiversity, Forest biodiversity, and microbial biodiversity are essential to world food security. Crop and horticultural biodiversity are important to food security because they are a source of food, fodder for livestocks, carry gene for desirable traits or characteristics, and also are a foundation for crop improvements. In addition, terresterial and aquatic animal biodiversity play an important role in increasing food security including as source of food, alternative source of food, and breed improvement and source of gene for desired trait. Furthermore, animal biodiversity plays indirect role in food security as the skins are sold to purchase food in return, and also as a there dung are used to increase soil fertility there by increasing crop production. Forest genetic resource are also vital for food production and security in many ways. Maintaining soil fertility, income generation and employment, as a source of food and increasing food production, source of fodder and soil erosion control are the main ways by which forest biodiversity contribute to food security. The other component of biodiversity which is microbial biodiversity contribute to food security through increasing plant growth, increasing soil fertility and nutrient cycling. Generally, collection, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity without compromising future will be necessary and and is vital to food security now and even more so in the future.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124898573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and prevalence of taeniasis among displaced peoples in Ombadda Omdurman, State-Sudan","authors":"Jamal Yousef Lowaty Lowba, Mahjoob Mohamed Ahmed, Fawzy Ahmed Idrees, Samwell Khalid Ahmed, Abualgasim Mohamed Anjool, Amir Mohamed Saleh Ali, Mohanad Alhadi Fadil, Amged Hussein Abdelrahman","doi":"10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrst.2022.1.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Taeniasis is infection of human with intestinal cestode tape worm parasites belonged to the genus Taenia species saginata and solium. Objective: The study aimed to determine the risk factors and prevalence of taeniasis among displaced peoples district in Ombadda Omdurman state- Sudan. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional study was conducted in Ombadda and Basheer hospitals in Omdurman-Sudan from the period September to November2021.A total of 150 stools samples were collected and examined using directmicroscopy, formal ether concentration technique and Ziehl-Neelsen staining method for detecting Taenia Spp. Results: A total number of 150 stools samples collected and examined, 10 (6.3%) out of 150 faecal samples were positive and 140(93.7%) were negative sample. Out of 10 positive samples 6 (60%) were males and 4(40%) were females their age groups range from 20 – 60 Years old, The Eggs stage of Taenia saginata and Taenia solium was identified by using direct microscopy and formal ether concentration t techniques and differentiated by the Ziehl-Neelson staining method.","PeriodicalId":123905,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Science and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121317122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}