Fire Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Fire Hazard Assessment of New Automotive Battery Materials Using SDS Information 基于SDS信息的新型汽车电池材料火灾危险性评估

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/fst.38.1

J. Kida, T. Akitsu

引用次数: 1

Changes and Developments in Hydrogen Energy as Seen in TV Programs 从电视节目看氢能的变化与发展

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/fst.38.21

J. Kida, T. Akitsu

{"title":"Changes and Developments in Hydrogen Energy as Seen in TV Programs","authors":"J. Kida, T. Akitsu","doi":"10.3210/fst.38.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3210/fst.38.21","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen energy, which has attracted attention in recent years, has the following two major advantages. Hydrogen as a fuel has multiple production methods and does not depend on petroleum. Only water is produced during combustion, and carbon dioxide is not emitted. For these reasons, hydrogen energy is considered as a new energy for the next generation especially in Japan, and both companies and governments are rapidly putting effort into dissemination. However, hydrogen used as a fuel is a flammable gas essentially. Hydrogen also ignites when energy such as static electricity is applied in a state of being mixed with oxygen at a constant concentration. In addition, hydrogen is often marketed and distributed as high-pressure gas in order to reduce its volume. Therefore, when the gas container is heated, the volume of hydrogen contained therein suddenly increases and the container withstands internal pressure. There is a possibility of explosion without breaking. In fact, according to The High Pressure Gas Safety Institute of Japan, 69 accidents have happened involving high pressure hydrogen gas in 2011-2014 [1]. Thus, in order to spread hydrogen energy, it is indispensable to prepare means and regulations for safely handling hydrogen. Herein, changes and developments in hydrogen energy as seen in TV programs about hydrogen energy and fuel cells have been investigated by not only browsing NHK (Nihon Hoso Kyokai)’s program archives but also other database or materials. In addition, by comparing with other TV programs about a famous fire accident in Japan, characteristics of TV programs as will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":12289,"journal":{"name":"Fire Science and Technology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78267606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Case Studies on Predictability in University Chemistry Experiment Accidents 大学化学实验事故可预见性案例研究

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.37.1

K. Mizuno, Kaori Ueki, T. Akitsu

{"title":"Case Studies on Predictability in University Chemistry Experiment Accidents","authors":"K. Mizuno, Kaori Ueki, T. Akitsu","doi":"10.3210/FST.37.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3210/FST.37.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated prediction of fire accidents of university’s chemical experiments based on properties or data of chemicals used. By referencing hazardous compounds and their properties in the Fire Service Act in Japan, potentially dangerous operations were picked up from the textbook of General Chemistry Laboratory for undergraduate students in Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Science. Moreover, previous examples of fire accidents associated with such hazardous compounds and experimental operations were also searched from some databases. Comparing both facts, we concluded that most of fire accidents are predictable, and some difficult cases (i) required common sense for chemical experiments (implicit knowledge with experience) and (ii) are state-dependent properties of the hazardous compounds, e . g . very reactive nanoparticles. The results will also suggest possibility of AI-aided prediction of fire accidents in the future, the range of data required to be learnt, and remaining technical problems. 3 )] Cl and drop a few mL of water and dissolve well. While cooling the solution in an ice bath, add 6-7 mL of 3 mol/L hydrogen chloride. Care should be taken, since the solution will bubble vigorously. After adding 3 mol/L hydrogen chloride, add about 5 mL of concentrated hydrogen chloride slowly, then heat and condense on a hot plate inside a fume hood until the solution solidifies into green crystals. After it solidifies, let cool, then add a small amount of cold water, then, wash with methanol . Dry well on watch glass. Text","PeriodicalId":12289,"journal":{"name":"Fire Science and Technology","volume":"320 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76285794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Fundamental Study of Gas Toxicity with Respect to Fire Stages 气体毒性的基础研究与火的阶段

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.36.11

Xuansu Zhao, H. Yoshioka, T. Noguchi, S. Fujimoto, Yutaka Tanaike, T. Hayakawa, Yoshihiro Hase, T. Naruse

引用次数: 0

Ferrocene-Containing Emulsion-Based Fire-Extinguishing Agents 二茂铁乳化灭火剂

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.36.1

Y. Koshiba, Takuya Tomita, H. Ohtani

引用次数: 1

Self-standing Compartment Fire Tests on Sandwich Panels 夹芯板自立隔间防火试验

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.35.19

H. Yoshioka, Yoshiki Tanaka, Yuhei Nishio, T. Noguchi, Kyoichi Kobayashi, Y. Ohmiya, M. Kanematsu, Tatsuo Ando, T. Naruse, K. Kagiya, T. Hayakawa

引用次数: 2

Phenomenological Model and Experimental Comparisons on Static Foam Drainage for Fire Fighting Foams 消防泡沫静态泡沫排水的现象学模型及实验比较

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.35.1

H. Mukunda, C. S. Dixit

{"title":"Phenomenological Model and Experimental Comparisons on Static Foam Drainage for Fire Fighting Foams","authors":"H. Mukunda, C. S. Dixit","doi":"10.3210/FST.35.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3210/FST.35.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the development of a phenomenological model for drainage from static foams used in standard fire-foam qualification tests for low expansion ratio commercially available foams. The fact that operational foam heights (30 mm) are much smaller than foam drainage apparatus heights (200 mm) has been the inspiration to determine the height dependence of static drainage. This is done by constructing a model of foam drainage based on momentum flux balance and conducting experiments with an apparatus with foam drainage through a fuel layer. The results show a linear relationship of quarter drainage time with the height consistent with the theoretical expectations. The constants are related to viscosity and liquid film thickness. Microscopic examination on bubble movement and the pictures are used to infer that the bubble size distributions between three commercial foams are not distinctively different and so are the film thicknesses. It is argued that the strong dependence on quarter drainage time on the film thickness can be consistent with the experimental results only if the variation of these thicknesses between different foams is not significantly large. Assuming a constant film thickness, the constants of the relationship between quarter drainage time and height are obtained from the experimental data. The constants derived from the experimental data show dependences in which lower concentration foams have a behavior different from those with higher concentrations beyond known influences of viscosity and surface tension. The need for longer duration drainage as a qualifying measure is argued to be important to correlate with fire extinction behavior.","PeriodicalId":12289,"journal":{"name":"Fire Science and Technology","volume":"139 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78717082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Study on Car Fire with Respect to Urban Fire Spreading 汽车火灾在城市火灾蔓延中的实验研究

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-09-04 DOI: 10.3210/FST.37.17

H. Yoshioka, T. Iwami, Shuichi Takeya

{"title":"Experimental Study on Car Fire with Respect to Urban Fire Spreading","authors":"H. Yoshioka, T. Iwami, Shuichi Takeya","doi":"10.3210/FST.37.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3210/FST.37.17","url":null,"abstract":"In case of urban large fire spreading in a highly crowded areas of Japan, roads are usually considered to be effective in blocking the fire spreading between the buildings, together with parks, vacant spaces, rivers, and railway tracks, etc. However, especially when there is a car in a narrow road between two adjacent buildings, then it could be possible that fire spreading will be even accelerated by the burning car on a road, rather than the situation where a road will block the fire spreading. Both domestically in Japan and internationally, there have been many car fire researches based on experiments, but so far, most of them have been discussing the fire behavior of automobiles themselves, and not so many have been focusing on the car fire with respect to fire spreading between the buildings in case of urban fire spread, under the circumstances such as major earthquake or extremely high wind. Therefore, in this research, authors firstly conducted the full-scale fire experiment, where car is ignited by fire from the opening in a building façade, and observed how car is ignited by radiation and convection and then how fire is propagated in that car, and also incident heal fluxes were measured at surrounding places of the ignited car. Furthermore secondly, simple calculation model was proposed based on this car fire experiment, which was then applied to the parametric study for predicting the occurrence time of fire spreading to the adjacent building from the building of fire origin, with and without a car located between the two buildings. It was found that generally there was not great difference in time to fire spreading between the buildings dependent on the existence of car. But in an extreme situation where the distance between the two buildings is large, and also car is located quite close to the adjacent building (instead of the building of fire origin), there was a difference in calculation results dependent on the existence of a car, more specifically, the existence of car induced the occurrence of fire spreading between the buildings.","PeriodicalId":12289,"journal":{"name":"Fire Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78113872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Tractable Solution for Engineering Calculations on Buoyancy Dominated Turbulent Non-Premixed Flames 浮力主导湍流非预混火焰工程计算的一种易于处理的解决方案

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.34.1

H. Dong, J. Garo, B. Magnognou, Hui-Ying Wang

引用次数: 0

Façade Tests on Fire Propagation along Combustible Exterior Wall Systems 可燃外墙系统火焰传播的立面试验

Fire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.3210/FST.33.1

H. Yoshioka, Yuhei Nishio, M. Tamura, Masahi Yoshida, T. Noguchi, Y. Ohmiya, M. Kanematsu, Tatsuo Ando, Kouji Koura, T. Tomatsu, Yasuji Ozaki

引用次数: 16