The Review of European Affairs最新文献

The EU Member States’ Border Restriction Versus COVID-19 欧盟成员国的边境限制与COVID-19

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.2

Réka Friedery

{"title":"The EU Member States’ Border Restriction Versus COVID-19","authors":"Réka Friedery","doi":"10.51149/roea.1.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"Since February 2020, a number of EU Member States and Schengen associated countries have declared emergencies and introduced epidemiological measures. These included restrictions on freedom of movement: border closures, temporary internal border controls or temporary bans on all non-essential travel. The author argues that since the Member States had recently used border restrictions to restrict the (visible) migration, border restriction as means fighting the (invisible) pandemic is only another precedent on behalf of Member States’ unwillingness to preserve freedom of movement when it contradicts internal policies, and underlines the need for Schengen’s reform. The article argues that although justifying derogations from the principles of border-free area is in the hand of the Member States, the lack of coordination has created the exact the same situation as during the migration crisis. Though the reintroduced border restrictions of 2015 targeted irregular migrants, the present ones affected EU citizens, too. The research aims to analyze the means and margins that the situation created by the pandemic contrasts to the restrictive border measures introduced during the migration crisis. The final research objective is to emphasize the need for cooperation in this policy field and the need of an integrated approach.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126628370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na gospodarki wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.4

Izabela Sienkiewicz

引用次数: 0

The Climate Crisis as a Global Challenge: Preliminary Remarks on the Big Powers’ Perspective 气候危机是全球性挑战:大国视角初探

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.6

Małgorzata Wilkowska

{"title":"The Climate Crisis as a Global Challenge: Preliminary Remarks on the Big Powers’ Perspective","authors":"Małgorzata Wilkowska","doi":"10.51149/roea.1.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the history of actions taken by various countries, organizations, and scientists from around the world. The most crucial part is to understand the beginning of the process called ‘climate crisis’ and the statements from world’s biggest polluters and power leaders. One the one hand, countries like the United States and China are the ones who are the most responsible for the current situation that the world is in. On the other, it is necessary to look more closely at the EU’s statements about climate change and the reason for the slow climate diplomacy followed by legal actions that never had any sanctions. Nevertheless, the importance of European Union and its role in the process of creating a place for discussion can’t be denied. It is said by many climate researchers that the lack of punishment for countries who were not fulfilling obligations to key documents such as the Paris Agreement from 2015 is one of the biggest reasons for the overall failure of the joint actions to stop climate destruction. The main problem was, and still is, based around how to combine industrial growth with ecologically-friendly methods. There should be no higher value than the state of the world’s health but clearly for some, money is the bigger virtue. By reading this article, the author encourages the reader to change their perspective on how to earn, spend, and invest money so that the environment can thrive.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130548083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reakcja UE na wyzwania związane z pandemią COVID-19

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.3

M. Krzemiński

{"title":"Reakcja UE na wyzwania związane z pandemią COVID-19","authors":"M. Krzemiński","doi":"10.51149/roea.1.2021.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2021.3","url":null,"abstract":"Przedstawiony artykuł wpisuje się w tematykę zmian społecznych i gospodarczych spowodowanych przez pandemię COVID-19. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie szerokiego zakresu działań realizowanych przez Unię Europejską w celu walki z pandemią COVID-19 oraz jej konsekwencjami gospodarczo-społecznymi i ocena, jak mogą one wpłynąć na funkcjonowanie Unii Europejskiej w przyszłości. W artykule zaprezentowano podstawę prawną działań Unii Europejskiej w zakresie ochrony zdrowia oraz reakcję Unii Europejskiej na pandemię i jej konsekwencje. Autor dokonuje przeglądu finansowej i organizacyjnej odpowiedzi na kryzys spowodowany przez COVID-19, w szczególności dotyczącej udostępnienia szczepionek, wsparcia dla systemów opieki zdrowotnej oraz wsparcia dla gospodarek. Autor wnioskuje, iż Unia Europejska, pomimo początkowej opieszałości, ostatecznie prawidłowo zareagowała na wyzwania związane z COVID-19, tworząc liczne mechanizmy wsparcia dla gospodarek oraz dla obywateli. W szczególności sukcesami są: wspólne zakupy szczepionki i innych środków medycznych i ochronnych; bezpośrednie wsparcie dla narodowych systemów ochrony zdrowia; pośrednie i bezpośrednie wsparcie dla gospodarek. Nie do przecenienia jest też fakt, że zaistniały kryzys wykazał, iż oczekiwania społeczeństw państw członkowskich wykraczają znacznie poza przyznaną Unii legitymację traktatową w sprawach ochrony zdrowia oraz że stworzenie narzędzi pomocowych przyśpieszyło pierwszy krok w kierunku unii fiskalnej (pożyczki na rynkach finansowych / emisja obligacji). Artykuł odwołuje się do materiałów źródłowych instytucji europejskich i opracowań dotyczących skutków gospodarczych i społecznych pandemii. W artykule zostały wykorzystane metody analizy instytucjonalno-prawnej oraz analizy systemowej.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121315280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analiza wpływu kryzysu wywołanego przez chorobę COVID-19 na kursy głównych par walutowych ze złotym polskim w okresie marzec-kwiecień 2020

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.5

K. Podgórski

{"title":"Analiza wpływu kryzysu wywołanego przez chorobę COVID-19 na kursy głównych par walutowych ze złotym polskim w okresie marzec-kwiecień 2020","authors":"K. Podgórski","doi":"10.51149/roea.1.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu kryzysu COVID-19 na kursy trzech par walutowych ze złotym polskim (USD/PLN, EUR/PLN oraz JPY/PLN) w okresie od marca do kwietnia 2020 roku. Badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem metod statystycznych, w tym analizy korelacji. W części teoretycznej artykułu zaprezentowano charakterystykę kryzysu COVID-19 w Polsce, Stanach Zjednoczonych, krajach europejskich oraz Japonii w okresie do końca kwietnia 2020 roku oraz przegląd dotychczasowych badań. W empirycznej części pracy zaprezentowany został wpływ najistotniejszych danych z badanych obszarów na zmienność kursu par walutowych ze złotym polskim. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że w okresie od marca do kwietnia 2020 roku kryzys COVID-19 wpłynął na osłabienie waluty polskiej w stosunku do głównych walut światowych takich jak: dolar amerykański, euro oraz jen japoński. Spośród dziesięciu przyjętych do analizy wydarzeń mających miejsce w Polsce w badanym okresie najsilniejszy wpływ na zmienność kursów walutowych ze złotym polskim wywarło ogłoszenie stanu zagrożenia epidemicznego, natomiast w najmniejszym stopniu kursy par walutowych zmieniły się po ogłoszeniu planu odmrażania gospodarki.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122747149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reshaping Europe in complex Covid-19 times Need for cultural sensitivity in the European reconstruction process 在复杂的新冠疫情时期重塑欧洲在欧洲重建过程中需要文化敏感性

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.51149/roea.1.2021.1

Léonce Bekemans

{"title":"Reshaping Europe in complex Covid-19 times Need for cultural sensitivity in the European reconstruction process","authors":"Léonce Bekemans","doi":"10.51149/roea.1.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the article is to argue for a values-driven and cultural sensitivity approach in responding to the current challenges for a true European integration process, made even more necessary with the Covid-19 pandemic. In particular, the paper proposes a number of reflections and policy suggestions on the need of reshaping Europe in the turbulent Covid-19 times. In doing so, a four-section approach is adopted. The first section puts the European future in perspective. It refers to the historical development of the integration process from a mainly economic project to a sui generis international organisation and briefly overviews the current challenges and opportunities faced by the European Union. The second section identifies two major fundamental guiding lines for the EU’s future: the strengthening of a values-oriented European future, and development of a true European citizenship. The third section emphasises European solidarity as one of the crucial aspects of a sustainable and values-driven European future. This is especially evident in the necessarily cross-border approach to the Corona pandemic. The final section argues for cultural sensitivity in the EU reconstruction process in dealing with the Covid-19 crisis.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116246096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Need for Dialogue between the European Union and the Arab League 欧洲联盟和阿拉伯联盟之间对话的必要性

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.51149/ROEA.1.2020.6

Joanna Modrzejewska-Leśniewska

引用次数: 0

The EU Integration Process and its Role in the Albanian Sociopolitical Transformation 欧盟一体化进程及其在阿尔巴尼亚社会政治转型中的作用

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.51149/ROEA.1.2020.4

Juliana Gjinko

引用次数: 0

Promoting Democracy through the Work of the EU Ombudsman 通过欧盟申诉专员的工作促进民主

The Review of European Affairs Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.51149/ROEA.1.2020.1

Réka Friedery

{"title":"Promoting Democracy through the Work of the EU Ombudsman","authors":"Réka Friedery","doi":"10.51149/ROEA.1.2020.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51149/ROEA.1.2020.1","url":null,"abstract":"The EU is in an economic, social and political crisis, and there are vital expectations to enhance and restore trust, openness and transparency. The EU bodies which bring the EU and its citizens closer to each other gain even more importance. This paper will demonstrate that alternative dispute-resolution forums, like the office of the EU Ombudsman, have a multidirectional function. It was established to strengthen the fundamental rights of citizens and to enhance a more citizen- -friendly EU administration. The analysis highlights the forum’s importance in changing horizontal relations between different stakeholders into vertical during its procedure, for instance between EU institutions and EU citizens. The presentation of research explores these relations by analysing complaint cases and the EU Ombudsman-related cases of the CJEU. The paper argues that the right to complain to the EU Ombudsman, who is a direct link between EU institutions and EU citizens, and the potential of changing the above-mentioned functions, can strengthen the trust of Member States’ citizens and help them identify as European citizens. The cornerstone of this argument are the relations between the EU citizens, institutions and the Ombudsman.","PeriodicalId":122828,"journal":{"name":"The Review of European Affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116868759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0