Lynx new series最新文献

{"title":"Cricetinae in the Quaternary fossil record of the Czech Republic and Slovakia (Rodentia: Cricetidae)","authors":"I. Horáček, Klára Lebedová","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"The paper surveys the Quaternary (MN17–Q4) fossil record of Cricetinae in the Czech Republic and Slovakia with particular attention to the current glacial cycle (Q4: Vistulian–Holocene) and immediate history of extant taxa. Vast majority of records were reexamined using standardized techniques of morphometric analysis (in total 625 molars of Cricetus, 805 molars of small hamsters). Cricetus cricetus, recorded in 130 Q4 fossil communities, exhibits almost continuous appearance since the beginning of Vistulian, possibly with considerable range regressions during LGM and middle Holocene. It was recorded also in 27 Early Pleistocene (MN17–Q2) and 6 Middle Pleistocene (Q3) assemblages, with a small-sized form (Cricetus cricetus nanus) in MN17–Q1 stage and a mosaic of Q2–Q3 records exhibiting mostly excessively large size (C. c. runtonensis), similarly as the Vistulian items which are clearly larger than those of the post-LGM and early Holocene age. The appearance of hamster in fossil record shows a mosaic character suggesting temporal spatial and abundance fluctuations: in most sites it absents and in general, it appears as a rather rare sub-recedent element (in Q4 communities with overall dominance of mere 0.55% and this is valid also for its appearance in Early and Middle Pleistocene assemblages). Small hamsters arranged here in the genus Cricetulus (incl. Allocricetus) represent a constant element of the Early and Middle Pleistocene assemblages (43 sites in the Czech Republic and Slovakia). The items of Q4 record (21 communities) clearly differ from the Early to Middle Pleistocene form Cricetulus bursae by a consistently smaller size corresponding to extant species Cricetulus migratorius. The gap is quite distinct conforming even to the possible extinction of C. bursae during the Eemian interglacial followed by early Vistulian expansion of the extant species from its Asiatic range suggested by molecular phylogeography. We examined a question of possible appearance of Phodopus among the Q4 record of small hamsters, yet in our material, we did not succeed to confirm it.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123340643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different size of tympanic membranes and its functional and ecomorphological meaning in Crocidurinae and Soricinae (Lipotyphla: Soricidae)","authors":"W. Maier, P. Pilz, I. Ruf","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.011","url":null,"abstract":"Adult skulls of Crocidura russula and Sorex araneus have been studied by μCT and by histology. The virtual representations of these skulls in ventral view display the middle ear structures very clearly. It is evident that the ectotympanic rings, which frame the tympanic membrane, are significantly larger in Crocidura than in Sorex; simple measurements and calculations reveal that the tympanic area in the two chosen skulls is significantly larger in the former taxon than in the latter (4.3 mm² vs. 2.4 mm2). When a few more specimens from these two species as well as further taxa are added to the data set, a regression analysis shows that crocidurines have distinctly larger tympanic membranes than soricines – but there are a few exceptional species (Suncus murinus and Anourosorex planipes). Preliminary hypotheses concerning the meaning of these differences with regard to hearing performance (optimal range of frequencies) and ecomorphological adaptation (open or dense micro-habitat) are put forward. A histological cross section shows the anatomy of the ectotympanic and the tympanic membrane in Sorex araneus. It is hypothesized that the ectotympanic ring with the eardrum, which are loosely attached to the basicranium by a fibrous membrane, is not a primitive, but a derived character of soricids. The loss of a processus tympanicus could have facilitated the easy evolutionary change between ‘auditory adaptation zones’ – and perhaps explains the enormous number of soricid species.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121112647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The last Bos primigenius survived in Bulgaria (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae)","authors":"Z. Boev","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2021.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2021.010","url":null,"abstract":"A horn-core of Bos primigenius excavated from the depth of 537.3–537.4 m in the late medieval deposits of the second half of the 17th century to the 1st half of the 18th century AD is reported. This record suggests that the aurochs survived in the Central Balkans a century later than the reported known date (1627) from northern Poland.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"493 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhinoceros specimens included in anatomical and morphological studies by Professor Alexander J. E. Cave (Perissodactyla: Rhinocerotidae)","authors":"J. Robovský, K. Rookmaaker","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.022","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander James Edward Cave (1900–2001) was a superb anatomist who extensively improved our knowledge of rhinoceros anatomy and osteology; he also published several studies on the osteology of other groups of mammals and one conservation-focused study about numbers of Ceratotherium cottoni in Uganda. Our contribution contains an identification of the rhinoceros specimens examined by A. J. E. Cave, his complete bibliography related to rhinoceroses, and two recommendations in accord to his legacy. All Cave’s morphological and genetic studies should specify the exact geographic origin of the wild rhinoceroses, if known, and some unambiguous reference numbers in the case of collections and/or captive-based specimens. Cataloguing of extinct and near-extinct extant rhinoceroses in world collections, future preservation of the collection material and its anatomical/morphological documentation for the last remnants of Ceratotherium cottoni, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, as well as Rhinoceros sondaicus and localized wild-based specimens of Diceros bicornis is highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126451971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome coding and noncoding structure function and evolution in Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies and Hordeum spontaneum in Israel: a review (Rodentia: Spalacidae)","authors":"E. Nevo","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"The structure and function of the intergenic noncoding genome (repeatome) whether “selfish” and “junk” or “biochemically functional and regulatory” is still hotly debated, despite the mounting empirical and theoretical evidence supporting the regulatory role, provided by transposable elements, and the ENCODE results. In our studies in Israel on sympatric speciation (SS) in two evolutionary speciation models of abutting divergent ecologies, microclimatic at “Evolution Canyon” and geologic-edaphic at “Evolution Plateau”, we showed genomically that SS is a common speciation model across life from bacteria to mammals. Since such contrasting and abutting ecologies, climatic, geologic, edaphic, abiotic and biotic abound globally, SS might be a common speciation model across the planet. During our SS studies we discovered an additional remarkable result supporting the regulatory role of the repeatome. We found that the noncoding genome, in both subterranean mammals and wild barley at “Evolution Plateau” present a genomic mirror image of the coding genome supporting the regulatory hypothesis of the repeatome. Moreover, the repeatome also succeeded to identify the four subterranean chromosomal climatically adaptive mole rat species in Israel. This genomic mirror imaging and repeatome function is now open to genomic exploration across life.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126509597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Současný areál výskytu mývala severního (Procyon lotor) v České republice dle odlovu (Carnivora: Procyonidae)","authors":"Vendula Lipšová, Oldřich Kopecký","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2021.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2021.006","url":null,"abstract":"Current range of Procyon lotor in the Czech Republic based on hunting statistics (Carnivora: Procyonidae). The common raccoon (Procyon lotor), introduced to Europe at the end of the first half of the 20th century, is included in the EU Black List of Invasive Alien Species. Due to its assessed high impact on the European biodiversity, research has been focused on the specific influence of its introduction and evaluating the intensity and direction of its invasion. In the Czech Republic, two separate raccoon populations are known – in northwestern Bohemia and central and southern Moravia. We used the bag records from the Annual reports on hunting grounds, game numbers and game huntings at the level of municipalities with extended competences (ORP) for the retrospective assessment of the raccoon distribution in the Czech Republic. The reports from the hunting years 2011/2012 to 2017/2018 were evaluated. In the first year (2011/2012), 234 individuals were caught in 23 ORP (out of a total of 205 ORP of the country). In the last year of the evaluation (2017/2018), 1,352 individuals were caught in 56 ORP. The highest density of the Bohemian population was recorded in the hunting year 2017/2018 (0.45 individuals per 100 hectares) in the Karlovy Vary ORP. In the Moravian population, the peak was reached in the hunting year 2013/14, when 0.59 individuals per 100 hectares were recorded in the Přelouč ORP.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127117878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic position and biogeography of Mus callewaerti, the largest species of the subgenus Nannomys (Rodentia: Muridae)","authors":"O. Mikula, J. Krásová, R. Šumbera, J. Bryja","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.020","url":null,"abstract":"The Callewaert’s mouse (Mus callewaerti) is shown as an ancient lineage of the African endemic subgenus Nannomys. Described in 1925 as a large-bodied species with proodont (forward pointing) incisors, it was long known only from a handful of localities in Angola and southern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Here, it is revealed identical with a genetically distinctive Nannomys, provisionally called Mus sp. “Nyika” in previous studies and reported from Nyika Plateau (Malawi) and the Angolan Escarpment. The skull shape analysis clearly associated the holotype of M. callewaerti with other specimens ascribed to the species (including the genotyped ones). It also pinpointed diagnostic features distinguishing M. callewaerti from other large bodied Nannomys, especially its sympatric Mus triton, for which the species was repeatedly mistaken. Mus callewaerti is presumably insectivorous and rare or not easy to capture. The divergence between its Malawian and Angolan populations is relatively shallow, dated to 0.32 million years ago, which suggests that at least in the past the species could be widespread. Mus callewaerti is known from grassy, locally moisty habitats. Together with a handful of other rodent taxa it provides evidence of persistence and historic connection of these habitats across the Zambezian region.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131871150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for magnetic orientation in Clethrionomys glareolus in a water maze assay (Rodentia: Cricetidae)","authors":"L. Oliveriusová, Monika Nováková, F. Sedláček","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.016","url":null,"abstract":"A long-term issue when studying magnetic orientation is the replicability of the experiments conducted in different laboratories. Attempts to replicate experiments have failed many times. After our previous study where we successfully found magnetoreception in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) we decided to replicate the water maze experiment. The bank voles were trained and tested in a four-arm “plus” maze in different magnetic conditions – natural magnetic field and three magnetic fields with shifted position of magnetic north (+90°, +180°, and +270°). The tested bank voles showed learned directional preference in the water maze therefore we can consider this species magnetoreceptive, able to use magnetic field for orientation. However, the results were more scattered than in the study with C57BL/6J mice. This difference probably corresponds with the absence of the protection against disturbing radio frequency magnetic fields during experiment, as well as, with the behavioural differences of free-living voles and laboratory mice.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131361054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and evolution of Heterocephalus from East Africa (Rodentia: Heterocephalidae)","authors":"C. Denys","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Known today by a single species only in the Horn of Africa, rodents of the Heterocephalus genus displayed through Neogene times a larger geographical distribution and a higher diversity. Here we present the state of art of the knowledge of the described fossil Heterocephalus species and follow the different described lineages through time and space. We also present some morphological and classical morphometric analyses upon the skulls and teeth of the modern representative of the genus compared with the fossil ones. This allowed to find some cranio-dental criteria allowing to validate the probable presence of two to three modern species in the horn of Africa and define and discuss some dental trends of evolution of the fossil lineages through time and space. Finally, by gathering the paleoclimatic conditions and collecting environmental parameters of each site were Heterocephalus remains were collected we propose a scenario of evolution of the genus.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of ageing and longevity in African mole-rats – digging deeper than before (Rodentia: Bathyergidae)","authors":"P. Dammann, S. Begall, R. Šumbera","doi":"10.37520/lynx.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/lynx.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"African mole-rats (Bathyergidae) have intrigued gerontologists since extreme longevity and intraspecific divergence in ageing rates were demonstrated in some of their representatives. Although many ageing-related papers on African mole-rat species have been published in the last 20 years, a comprehensive overview of lifespan distributions, longevity metrics, and annual mortality rates in different mole-rat species (including solitary ones) is still lacking. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap by (re)analyzing published and hitherto unpublished longitudinal data of five African mole-rat species with different social organizations. We present strong indications that solitary mole-rats age faster than social species, and that the poorly studied Mashona mole-rat Fukomys darlingi exhibits some ageing characteristics not previously reported in other social mole-rats. Our study also provides the first overview of shape metrics of longevity for African mole-rat species intended to serve as a starting point for future updates.","PeriodicalId":122460,"journal":{"name":"Lynx new series","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128436759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}