Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy最新文献_第9页

Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers. HTLV-1 携带者的非癌症并发症。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547

Akihiro Ohmoto, Shigeo Fuji

{"title":"Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers.","authors":"Akihiro Ohmoto, Shigeo Fuji","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases.Area covered: We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection.Expert opinion: Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen diseases including Sjögren's syndrome, as well as dysthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, cognitive deficits are observed in asymptomatic carriers and in symptomatic carriers who develop HAM/TSP. It is hypothesized that altered immunoregulation occurs as a result of persistent HTLV-1 infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that HTLV-1 infection itself has an adverse impact on overall survival. ATL alone cannot entirely explain the adverse impact of HTLV-1 infection on overall mortality, because the incidence is low, and therefore HTLV-1-associated diseases as a whole may contribute to the inferior clinical outcome. However, there are insufficient data to determine the causal relationship between HTLV-1 infection and each complication. While non-cancerous events linked to HTLV-1 infection are not fatal, they are likely to reduce quality of life. Large prospective studies should be conducted by international collaborators.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"307-316"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The clinical outcomes and effectiveness of antiviral agents among underweight patients with COVID-19. 体重不足的 COVID-19 患者的临床结果和抗病毒药物的有效性。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2303017

Jheng-Yan Wu, Mei-Yuan Liu, Mei-Chuan Lee, Kuo-Chuan Hung, Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Ya-Wen Tsai, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Shu-Ching Tseng, Chih-Ying Lu, Chih-Cheng Lai

{"title":"The clinical outcomes and effectiveness of antiviral agents among underweight patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Jheng-Yan Wu, Mei-Yuan Liu, Mei-Chuan Lee, Kuo-Chuan Hung, Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Ya-Wen Tsai, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Shu-Ching Tseng, Chih-Ying Lu, Chih-Cheng Lai","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2303017","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2303017","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study investigated the outcomes of underweight patients with COVID-19 and the effectiveness of antiviral agents in this population.Methods: A retrospective cohort study using theTriNetX research network was conducted. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to balance the first cohort involving COVID-19 patients with underweight and normal-weight. In the second cohort, underweight patients receiving antiviral agents and untreated individuals were matched using PSM. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause hospitalization and death during the 7-30-day follow-up period.Results: After PSM, the first cohort including each group of 13,502 patients with balanced baseline characteristics were identified for comparing the outcome of patients with underweight and normal weight. The underweight group had a higher risk of the composite primary outcome than those with normal weight (hazard ratio [HR], 1.251; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.132-1.382). The second cohort included each 884 underweight patients with and without receiving antivirals.Compared with untreated patients, those receiving antiviral treatment had a lower risk of composite primary outcomes (HR, 0.426; 95% CI, 0.278-0.653).Conclusion: Underweight status may be associated with a higher risk of all-cause hospitalization and death in patients with COVID-19.Among underweight patients, antiviral agents demonstrated clinically beneficial effects.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"343-352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multifaceted strategy is needed to limit the over-the-counter sale of antimicrobials. 需要采取多方面的战略来限制抗菌药的非处方销售。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2322450

Carl Llor, Ana Moragas

引用次数: 0

Biosimilars as antivirals: opportunities and challenges. 作为抗病毒药物的生物仿制药：机遇与挑战。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2313064

Anan S Jarab, Shrouq R Abu Heshmeh, Ahmad Z Al Meslamani

引用次数: 0

Treatment of vaginitis caused by non-albicans Candida species. 治疗由非阿氏念珠菌引起的阴道炎。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2347953

Jack D Sobel

{"title":"Treatment of vaginitis caused by non-albicans Candida species.","authors":"Jack D Sobel","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2347953","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2347953","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the face of increased frequency of non-albicans Candida vulvovaginitis (VVC) reported worldwide, there is a paucity of effective oral and topical antifungal drugs available. Drug selection is further handicapped by an absence of data of clinical efficacy of available antifungal drugs for these infections.Areas covered: In this review, attention is directed at the cause of drug shortage as well as increased frequency of non-albicans Candida (NAC) vulvovaginitis. There is widespread recognition of reduced in vitro azole drug susceptibility in NAC species. Moreover, antifungal susceptibility tests have not been standardized or validated for NAC isolates, hence clinicians rely on an element of empiricism especially given the absence of randomized controlled comparative studies targeting NAC species. Clinical spectrum of NAC species isolates is highly variable with ongoing difficulty in determining a causal role in symptomatic patients.Expert opinion: We have entered the era of demand for Candida species-specific therapy and although consensus treatment guidelines are emerging, new antifungal agents that target these multiple-azole resistant or relatively resistant vaginal NAC species are urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors and patterns of empirical antibiotic therapy and associated outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study in a tertiary care facility in South India. COVID-19 患者经验性抗生素治疗的预测因素和模式及相关结果：印度南部一家三级医疗机构的回顾性研究。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2303019

Lipin Lukose, Gursimran Kaur, Mohammed Asif M, Gail Ann Abraham, Kanav Khera, Viswam K Subeesh, Ronald L Castelino, Shubhada Karanth, Chandrashekar Udyavara Kudru, Muralidhar Varma, Sonal Sekhar Miraj

{"title":"Predictors and patterns of empirical antibiotic therapy and associated outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study in a tertiary care facility in South India.","authors":"Lipin Lukose, Gursimran Kaur, Mohammed Asif M, Gail Ann Abraham, Kanav Khera, Viswam K Subeesh, Ronald L Castelino, Shubhada Karanth, Chandrashekar Udyavara Kudru, Muralidhar Varma, Sonal Sekhar Miraj","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2303019","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2303019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to a global health crisis. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in COVID-19 patients has been a concern, leading to antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluated the patterns and predictors of empirical antibiotic therapy in COVID-19 patients and associated outcomes.Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted with 525 patients admitted to Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India, with moderate and severe COVID-19 from 1 March to 1 August 2021. They were divided based on empirical therapy, and predictors of antibiotic usage were assessed by logistic regression.Results: Four hundred and eighty (91.4%) COVID-19 patients received at least one course of antibiotics, with 440 (83.8%) initiating empirical therapy. Patients with severe COVID-19 manifestations were more likely to be prescribed empirical antibiotics. Multivariable analysis showed that patients initiated on empirical antibiotics had significantly elevated levels of procalcitonin [OR: 3.91 (95% CI: 1.66-9.16) (p = 0.001)], invasive ventilation [OR: 3.93 (95% CI: 1.70-9.09) (p = 0.001)], shortness of breath [OR: 2.25 (95% CI: 1.30-3.89) (p = 0.003)] and higher CRP levels [OR: 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00-1.01) (p = 0.005)]. Most antibiotics (65.9%) were prescribed from the 'Watch' group, the highest being ceftriaxone. Only 23.8% of the patients had microbiologically confirmed infections.Conclusion: The study identified predictors for initiating empirical antibacterial therapy in our setting.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surveillance and prevention of healthcare-associated infections: best practices to prevent ventilator-associated events 医疗保健相关感染的监测和预防：预防呼吸机相关事件的最佳实践

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2345877

Leonardo Lorente, Joan Sabater-Riera, Jordi Rello

引用次数: 0

How do we change our approach to COVID with the changing face of disease? 面对不断变化的疾病，我们如何改变 COVID 的方法？

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2345881

Vasso Apostolopoulos, Jack Feehan, Vivek P. Chavda

引用次数: 0

Understanding the influence of the microbiome on childhood infections 了解微生物群对儿童感染的影响

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2340664

Sarah M. Heston, Jillian H. Hurst, Matthew S. Kelly

引用次数: 0

Response to: ‘letter to the editor: “A multifaceted strategy is needed to limit the over-the-counter sale of antimicrobials “’ 回应：致编辑的信："限制非处方销售抗菌药需要多方面的策略"'

IF 5.7 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2337824

Eric Kofi Ngyedu, Joseph Elikem Efui Acolatse, George Akafity, Robert Incoom, Audu Rauf, R Andrew Seaton, Jacqueline Sneddon, Elaine Cameron, Margaret Watson, Marta Wanat, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi

引用次数: 0