Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy最新文献_第8页

Emerging pharmacotherapies for the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome. 治疗儿童肾病综合征的新兴药物疗法。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2493895

Eloise Salmon, Howard Trachtman

{"title":"Emerging pharmacotherapies for the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome.","authors":"Eloise Salmon, Howard Trachtman","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2493895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2025.2493895","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a relatively rare condition but an important cause of morbidity. It is classified based on histopathology and response to corticosteroid therapy.Areas covered: Children with steroid-sensitive disease have a favorable long-term prognosis with maintenance of normal kidney function. However, nearly half of these patients have persistent disease activity requiring chronic corticosteroid therapy or exposure to second-line immunosuppressive agents. The identification of anti-nephrin antibodies in many patients with steroid-sensitive disease suggests immunotherapy to reduce pathogenic antibody formation may represent a qualitative advance in treatment. Children with steroid-resistant disease are likely to have focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). There are no approved treatments for this condition. FSGS is a heterogeneous entity, and improvements in care will likely depend on molecular classification of subtypes based on the underlying disease mechanism. This approach will enable selection of treatments that match the cause of NS in each child for precision medicine therapy.Expert opinion: Children with NS today benefit from therapeutic options not previously available, but clinical decisions still rely on steroid responsiveness at disease onset. Continued advancement in treating NS requires collaboration between basic scientists and nephrologists and the organization of a clinical trial framework to evaluate novel therapies.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":"26 7","pages":"879-885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacological perspectives and clinical applications in substance use disorders in adolescents. 青少年物质使用障碍的药理学观点和临床应用。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2495822

Jan van Amsterdam, Wim van den Brink

引用次数: 0

Ensifentrine: a novel approach to redefining COPD management and implications for additional respiratory diseases. 恩西芬汀：一种重新定义COPD管理的新方法及其对其他呼吸系统疾病的影响

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2491515

Frank C Sciurba, Shijing Jia, Shyam Subramanian

{"title":"Ensifentrine: a novel approach to redefining COPD management and implications for additional respiratory diseases.","authors":"Frank C Sciurba, Shijing Jia, Shyam Subramanian","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2491515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2025.2491515","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ensifentrine, recently approved by the FDA for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance treatment, is a novel inhaled therapy with a dual mechanism of action targeting phosphodiesterase (PDE)3 and PDE4. While long-acting bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids remain initial guideline-based COPD treatments, persistent symptoms and disease exacerbations highlight an existing unmet need. Ensifentrine offers both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory benefits, offering the potential to address this treatment gap.Areas covered: This article reviews the mechanism of action of ensifentrine, details supporting preclinical evidence, and summarizes key clinical studies. It further explores ensifentrine's potential impact on the COPD treatment landscape and its potential applicability in other pulmonary diseases.Expert opinion: Ensifentrine's dual bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory action offer a promising adjunct to standard COPD treatments, particularly for patients with persistent symptoms despite conventional therapy. It improves lung function, meaningfully reduces exacerbation frequency, reduces symptoms, and enhances quality of life. Its inhaled delivery minimizes systemic exposure and side effects commonly observed with oral PDE inhibitors. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory properties suggest potential applications in other chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":"26 7","pages":"809-820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benefits and disadvantages of combination therapy with imeglimin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. 2型糖尿病患者伊美霉素和二甲双胍联合治疗的利弊

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2486354

Hiroyuki Ito, Emiko Tsugami, Chiaki I, Shun Miura, Suzuko Matsumoto, Hideyuki Inoue, Shinichi Antoku, Tomoko Yamasaki, Toshiko Mori, Michiko Togane

{"title":"Benefits and disadvantages of combination therapy with imeglimin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Hiroyuki Ito, Emiko Tsugami, Chiaki I, Shun Miura, Suzuko Matsumoto, Hideyuki Inoue, Shinichi Antoku, Tomoko Yamasaki, Toshiko Mori, Michiko Togane","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2486354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2486354","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We retrospectively examined the benefits and disadvantages of adding imeglimin to metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methods: Ninety-four patients with type 2 diabetes who had been administered imeglimin were included in the safety analysis set (SAS). Sixty-four patients who had been treated with imeglimin for over 6 months were included in the full analysis set (FAS). The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c levels in the FAS. The secondary outcomes were gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) in the SAS and changes in body weight and FIB-4 in theFAS.Results: In the SAS, gastrointestinal AEs occurred in 15 of 40 (38%) metformin users and 6 of 54 (11%) non-users. In the FAS, HbA1c levels were significantly reduced in both metformin users (n = 27, baseline, 8.5 ± 1.1%;6 months, 7.7 ± 1.2%) and non-users (n = 37, baseline, 8.0 ± 0.9%; 6 months,7.4 ± 0.9%). While body weight (from 72.0 ± 20.5 kg to 70.9 ± 20.8 kg) and FIB-4 (from 1.27 ± 0.57 to 1.17 ± 0.49) significantly decreased in metformin users, they did not significantly differ in non-users.Conclusions: Adding imeglimin to metformin therapy demonstrated favorable reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and FIB-4 in patients with type 2 diabetes, although it was associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal AEs.Trial registration: UMIN000055241.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"773-781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resmetirom: the first approved therapy for treating metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis. 雷司替龙：首个被批准用于治疗代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎的药物。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2478917

Sheena Bhushan, Aalam Sohal, Mazen Noureddin, Kris V Kowdley

{"title":"Resmetirom: the first approved therapy for treating metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis.","authors":"Sheena Bhushan, Aalam Sohal, Mazen Noureddin, Kris V Kowdley","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2478917","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2478917","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH), previously referred to as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has emerged as one of the leading indications for liver transplantation in the United States. The disease is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with early-stage liver fibrosis and a heightened risk of hepatic complications in those with advanced fibrosis. Despite its growing prevalence and significant healthcare burden, there were no approved drugs to treat this chronic disease. In March 2024, Resmetirom, a selective thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonist, became the first drug to receive FDA approval for the treatment of patients with MASH and fibrosis stages F2/F3. This accelerated approval was granted based on significantly higher rates of MASH resolution and fibrosis.Areas covered: This review summarizes the current literature on the mechanism of action, preclinical data, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, indications, and contraindications of resmetirom in the management of patients with MASH.Expert opinion: The approval of resmetirom for patients with MASH and moderate to advanced hepatic fibrosis is a major advance in the management of MASH. The recent positive results of the ESSENCE trial of semaglutide, if associated with conditional approval, may offer clinicians two options to treat MASH in patients with moderate to advanced fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"663-675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacotherapy of type 1 diabetes - part 3: tomorrow. 1型糖尿病的药物治疗-第3部分：明天。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2468906

Marc Rendell

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy of type 1 diabetes - part 3: tomorrow.","authors":"Marc Rendell","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2468906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2468906","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The last 100 years have seen type 1 diabetes, a previously fatal disease, transformed by the administration of exogenous insulin.Areas covered: A standard literature search using the Google and Microsoft search engines and PubMed was performed. The development of synthetic insulins with varying onsets and duration of action improved glucose control, essential to mitigate the microvascular and macrovascular consequences of diabetes. Today insulin pumps guided by continuous glucose monitors are approaching the objective of normalized glucose levels. The area of greatest development is now in attempting to suppress the immune process which results in progressive destruction of the beta cell. It is possible to identify family members of patients with type 1 diabetes who may eventually develop the disease by measuring several beta cell antibodies. Very recently teplizumab, a CD3 inhibitor, has been approved to delay the onset of hyperglycemia in these individuals.Expert opinion: The future will see progress in immunosuppression, possibly using specific CAR-Treg cells directed at the beta cell antigens which trigger the immune process. In parallel, stem cell-derived beta cells may eventually make it possible to replace lost beta cells, resulting in a true cure for type 1 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"535-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Historical milestones and future horizons: exploring the diagnosis and treatment evolution of the pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults. 历史的里程碑和未来的视野：探索成人肺动脉高压的诊断和治疗演变。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2480764

Vicente Benavides-Córdoba, Mauricio Palacios, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf

{"title":"Historical milestones and future horizons: exploring the diagnosis and treatment evolution of the pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults.","authors":"Vicente Benavides-Córdoba, Mauricio Palacios, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2480764","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2480764","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension is a life-threatening condition characterized by elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Significant advances in diagnosis and treatment have been achieved over the 20th and 21st centuries, yet challenges remain in improving long-term outcomes.Areas covered: This review discusses the historical milestones in understanding and pharmacotherapy of the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A comprehensive literature search was conducted to explore the earliest reports of each approved medication for pulmonary hypertension, along with historical papers detailing the pathophysiological and diagnostic development. Additionally, the search aimed to identify novel therapeutic strategies, including repositioned drugs and emerging targets.Expert opinion: While current therapies, such as prostacyclin analogs and PDE5 inhibitors, improve functional capacity and hemodynamics, they face limitations, including costs, administration, and a predominantly vasodilatory approach. Additionally, the limitations of current clinical trial designs for rare diseases like pulmonary arterial hypertension hinder the evaluation of potentially effective drugs. These challenges underscore the urgent need for translational research to optimize trial methodologies, accelerating the development of new therapies. Innovative approaches, such as drug repositioning and the exploration of novel molecular targets, are critical to overcoming these barriers and ensuring timely, effective, and affordable treatment options for patients with PAH.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"743-753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacological treatment for children with constipation: present and future. 儿童便秘的药物治疗：现在与未来。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2471524

Julia M J van der Zande, Ilan J N Koppen, Carlo Di Lorenzo, Peter L Lu, Marc A Benninga

引用次数: 0

Treating pediatric aggressive behaviors and comorbid conditions. 治疗儿童攻击行为和合并症。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2487157

Ekaterina Stepanova, Joshua A Langfus, R James Blair, Eric A Youngstrom, Robert L Findling

{"title":"Treating pediatric aggressive behaviors and comorbid conditions.","authors":"Ekaterina Stepanova, Joshua A Langfus, R James Blair, Eric A Youngstrom, Robert L Findling","doi":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2487157","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14656566.2025.2487157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Aggressive behaviors in children and adolescents can significantly impair quality of life, leading to disruptions in both academic and social functioning. Despite decades of research, a standardized nosology for aggressive behaviors remains lacking, resulting in considerable variability in the design of treatment trials for aggression.Areas covered: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies evaluating pharmacological treatments for aggressive behaviors in children and adolescents. Articles were sourced from multiple databases, focusing studies that investigated the use of medications for treating aggression, conduct problems, and disruptive behaviors.Expert opinion: A significant barrier to effectively treating childhood aggression is the absence of a clear and standardized nosology. Aggression is frequently regarded as a symptom rather than a distinct clinical entity, complicating treatment decisions and hindering the ability to predict outcomes and develop targeted interventions. Notably, impulsive aggression has been the primary focus of research as a target for pharmacotherapy, highlighting the need to expand our understanding of aggression subtypes. A paradigm shift is necessary, emphasizing the development of operational definition of aggression diagnosis based on the type of aggressive behavior, the creation of screening tools, and the prediction of treatment outcomes to enhance both clinical practice and research.","PeriodicalId":12184,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"695-705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promising therapies for the treatment of acromegaly. 有希望的治疗肢端肥大症的方法。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2025.2474562

Sylvère Störmann, Katharina Schilbach

引用次数: 0