Experimental Hematology & Oncology最新文献

{"title":"CAR T cells outperform CAR NK cells in CAR-mediated effector functions in head-to-head comparison.","authors":"Lukas Egli, Meike Kaulfuss, Juliane Mietz, Arianna Picozzi, Els Verhoeyen, Christian Münz, Obinna Chijioke","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00522-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40164-024-00522-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CAR NK cells as vehicles for engineered \"off-the-shelf\" cellular cancer immunotherapy have attracted significant interest. Nonetheless, a comprehensive comparative assessment of the anticancer activity of CAR T cells and CAR NK cells carrying approved benchmark anti-CD19 CAR constructs is missing. Here, we report a direct head-to-head comparison of CD19-directed human T and NK cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We generated CAR T and CAR NK cells derived from healthy donor PBMC by retroviral transduction with the same benchmark second-generation anti-CD19 CAR construct, FMC63.28z. We investigated IFN-γ secretion and direct cytotoxicity in vitro against various CD19⁺ cancer cell lines as well as in autologous versus allogeneic settings. Furthermore, we have assessed anticancer activity of CAR T and CAR NK cells in vivo using a xenograft lymphoma model in an autologous versus allogeneic setting and a leukemia model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our main findings are a drastically reduced capacity for CAR-mediated IFN-γ production and lower CAR-mediated cytotoxicity of CAR NK cells relative to CAR T cells in vitro. Consistent with these in vitro findings, we report superior anticancer activity of autologous CAR T cells compared with allogeneic CAR NK cells in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAR T cells had significantly higher CAR-mediated effector functions than CAR NK cells in vitro against several cancer cell lines and autologous CAR T cells outperformed allogeneic CAR NK cells both in vitro and in vivo. CAR NK cells will likely benefit from further engineering to enhance anticancer activity to ultimately fulfill the promise of an effective off-the-shelf product.</p>","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly immunosuppressive myeloid cells correlate with early relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Anne-Béatrice Notarantonio, Allan Bertrand, Romain Piucco, Ghislain Fievet, Hervé Sartelet, Laura Boulangé, Natalia de Isla, Marcelo De Carvalho Bittencourt, Sébastien Hergalant, Marie-Thérèse Rubio, Maud D'Aveni","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00516-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40164-024-00516-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only curative treatment for myeloid malignancies such as some acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). It aims to eradicate the malignant clone using immunocompetent donor cells (graft-versus-leukemia effect, GVL). Unfortunately, relapse is the primary cause of transplant failure mainly related on HLA loss or downregulation and upregulation of inhibitory ligands on blasts which result in donor immune effector dysfunctions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2018 and 2021, we conducted a monocentric prospective study including 61 consecutive patients transplanted for AML or high-risk MDS. We longitudinally investigated immune cells at days + 30, + 90 and + 180 post-transplant from bone marrow and peripheral blood. We assessed the dynamics between myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and T-cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 61 patients, 45 did not relapse over the first 12 months while 16 relapsed during the first year post-transplant. Through months 1 to 6, comparison with healthy donors revealed an heterogenous increase in MDSC frequency. In all recipients, the predominant MDSC subset was granulocytic with no specific phenotypic relapse signature. However, in relapsed patients, in vitro and in vivo functional analyses revealed that MDSCs from peripheral blood were highly immunosuppressive from day + 30 onwards, with an activated NLRP3 inflammasome signature. Only circulating immunosuppressive MDSCs were statistically correlated to circulating double-positive Tim3+LAG3+ exhausted T cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our simple in vitro functional assay defining MDSC immunosuppressive properties might serve as an early biomarker of relapse and raise the question of new preventive treatments targeting MDSCs in the future. Trial registration NCT03357172.</p>","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140907872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell analysis defines highly specific leukemia-induced neutrophils and links MMP8 expression to recruitment of tumor associated neutrophils during FGFR1 driven leukemogenesis.","authors":"Tianxiang Hu, Bo Cheng, Atsuko Matsunaga, Ting Zhang, Xiaocui Lu, Hui Fang, Stephanie F Mori, Xuexiu Fang, Gavin Wang, Hongyan Xu, Huidong Shi, John K Cowell","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00514-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40164-024-00514-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leukemias driven by activated, chimeric FGFR1 kinases typically progress to AML which have poor prognosis. Mouse models of this syndrome allow detailed analysis of cellular and molecular changes occurring during leukemogenesis. We have used these models to determine the effects of leukemia development on the immune cell composition in the leukemia microenvironment during leukemia development and progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) was used to characterize leukemia associated neutrophils and define gene expression changes in these cells during leukemia progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>scRNA-Seq revealed six distinct subgroups of neutrophils based on their specific differential gene expression. In response to leukemia development, there is a dramatic increase in only two of the neutrophil subgroups. These two subgroups show specific gene expression signatures consistent with neutrophil precursors which give rise to immature polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs). Analysis of gene expression in these precursor cells identified pathways that were specifically upregulated, the most pronounced of which involved matrix metalloproteinases Mmp8 and Mmp9, during leukemia progression. Pharmacological inhibition of MMPs using Ilomastat preferentially restricted in vitro migration of neutrophils from leukemic mice and led to a significantly improved survival in vivo, accompanied by impaired PMN-MDSC recruitment. As a result, levels of T-cells were proportionally increased. In clinically annotated TCGA databases, MMP8 was shown to act as an independent indicator for poor prognosis and correlated with higher neutrophil infiltration and poor pan-cancer prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have defined specific leukemia responsive neutrophil subgroups based on their unique gene expression profile, which appear to be the precursors of neutrophils specifically associated with leukemia progression. An important event during development of these neutrophils is upregulation MMP genes which facilitated mobilization of these precursors from the BM in response to cancer progression, suggesting a possible therapeutic approach to suppress the development of immune tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11084112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140904318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NK cell transfer overcomes resistance to PD-(L)1 therapy in aged mice.","authors":"Junlei Hou, Shuanglong Xie, Jianbao Gao, Tao Jiang, Enjian Zhu, Xuezhi Yang, Zheng Jin, Haixia Long, Anmei Zhang, Fei Yang, Lujing Wang, Haoran Zha, Qingzhu Jia, Bo Zhu, Xinxin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00511-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40164-024-00511-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is the leading cause of death among older adults. Although the integration of immunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of cancer, the complex interactions between age and immunotherapy efficacy remain incompletely defined. Here, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between aging and immunotherapy resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In vivo T cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and migration assays were performed to evaluate the antitumor capacity of tumor antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cells in mice. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to investigate the expression of IFN-γ-associated gene and natural killer (NK)-associated chemokine. Adoptive NK cell transfer was adopted to evaluate the effects of NK cells from young mice in overcoming the immunotherapy resistance of aged mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) aged ≥ 75 years exhibited poorer progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and a lower clinical response rate after immunotherapy. Mechanistically, we showed that the infiltration of NK cells was significantly reduced in aged mice compared to younger mice. Furthermore, the aged NK cells could also suppress the activation of tumor antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cells by inhibiting the recruitment and activation of CD103⁺ dendritic cells (DCs). Adoptive transfer of NK cells from young mice to aged mice promoted TME remodeling, and reversed immunotherapy resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed the decreased sensitivity of elderly patients to immunotherapy, as well as in aged mice. This may be attributed to the reduction of NK cells in aged mice, which inhibits CD103⁺ DCs recruitment and its CD86 expression and ultimately leads to immunotherapy resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11080179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel agents and regimens in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: latest updates from 2023 ASH annual meeting","authors":"Huageng Huang, Wei Zhang, Xinyi Deng, He Huang, Zhao Wang, Huangming Hong, Tongyu Lin","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00510-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00510-w","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies with poor survival, while treatment options for relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease remain quite limited, with a median progression-free survival of only 3–4 months. Notably, the emergence of innovative therapeutic agents and regimens holds promise for durable responses and improved survival for patients with R/R PTCL. We summarize recent advances in the treatment of R/R PTCL from the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting, highlighting novel agents targeting EZH1/2, JAK1, PI3K, KIR3DL2, CD38/CD3xCD28, or CDK9, as well as therapeutic regimens in combination with stem cell transplantation, immunomodulators, epigenetic modifying agents, or CD30/CD16A bispecific antibodies.","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel CAR T-cell therapies for relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies: latest updates from 2023 ASH annual meeting","authors":"Wenjie Zhang, Sumei Li, Jinlan Long, Shufeng Xie, Minghui Wang, Han Liu, Zhenshu Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00508-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00508-4","url":null,"abstract":"Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are engineered fusion proteins that target T-cells to specific surface antigens of tumor cells to generate effective anti-tumor responses. CAR T-cell therapy is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies (R/R BCM). Attempting to make CAR T-cells safer and more effective in treating R/R BCM, various novel engineered CAR T-cell agents are currently in the research and development or clinical trial stages. We have summarized here the latest reports on the novel CAR T-cell therapies for R/R BCM presented at the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting as well as the latest updates in related clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan-cancer transcriptional atlas of minimal residual disease links DUSP1 to chemotherapy persistence","authors":"Yuanhui Liu, Bi Peng, Ziqi Chen, Yimin Shen, Jingmin Zhang, Xianglin Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00509-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00509-3","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy is a commonly effective treatment for most types of cancer. However, many patients experience a relapse due to minimal residual disease (MRD) after chemotherapy. Previous studies have analyzed the changes induced by chemotherapy for specific types of cancer, but our study is the first to comprehensively analyze MRD across various types of cancer. We included both bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. We compared the expression of the entire genome and calculated scores for canonical pathway signatures and immune infiltrates before and after chemotherapy across different types of cancer. Our findings revealed that DUSP1 was the most significantly and widely enriched gene in pan-cancer MRD. DUSP1 was found to be essential for MRD formation and played a role in T cell-fibroblast communications and the cytotoxic function of CD4 + T cells. Overall, our analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the changes caused by chemotherapy and identifies potential targets for preventing and eliminating MRD, which could lead to long-term survival benefits for patients.","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fab of trastuzumab to treat HER2 overexpressing breast cancer brain metastases","authors":"Eurydice Angeli, Justine Paris, Olivier Le Tilly, Céline Desvignes, Guillaume Gapihan, Didier Boquet, Frédéric Pamoukdjian, Diaddin Hamdan, Marthe Rigal, Florence Poirier, Didier Lutomski, Feriel Azibani, Alexandre Mebazaa, Amaury Herbet, Aloïse Mabondzo, Géraldine Falgarone, Anne Janin, Gilles Paintaud, Guilhem Bousquet","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00513-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00513-7","url":null,"abstract":"Despite major therapeutic advances for two decades, including the most recently approved anti-HER2 drugs, brain metastatic localizations remain the major cause of death for women with metastatic HER2 breast cancer. The main reason is the limited drug passage of the blood-brain barrier after intravenous injection and the significant efflux of drugs, including monoclocal antibodies, after administration into the cerebrospinal fluid. We hypothesized that this efflux was linked to the presence of a FcRn receptor in the blood-brain barrier. To overcome this efflux, we engineered two Fab fragments of trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, and did a thorough preclinical development for therapeutic translational purpose. We demonstrated the safety and equal efficacy of the Fabs with trastuzumab in vitro, and in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft model of HER2 overexpressing breast cancer. For the pharmacokinetic studies of intra-cerebrospinal fluid administration, we implemented original rat models with catheter implanted into the cisterna magna. After intraventricular administration in rats, we demonstrated that the brain-to-blood efflux of Fab was up to 10 times lower than for trastuzumab, associated with a two-fold higher brain penetration compared to trastuzumab. This Fab, capable of significantly reducing brain-to-blood efflux and enhancing brain penetration after intra-cerebrospinal fluid injection, could thus be a new and original effective drug in the treatment of HER2 breast cancer brain metastases, which will be demonstrated by a phase I clinical trial dedicated to women in resort situations. ","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights and the clinical prospects of targeted therapies for glioblastoma: a comprehensive review","authors":"Yating Shen, Dexter Kai Hao Thng, Andrea Li Ann Wong, Tan Boon Toh","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00512-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00512-8","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal brain tumour that is traditionally diagnosed based on histological features. Recent molecular profiling studies have reshaped the World Health Organization approach in the classification of central nervous system tumours to include more pathogenetic hallmarks. These studies have revealed that multiple oncogenic pathways are dysregulated, which contributes to the aggressiveness and resistance of GBM. Such findings have shed light on the molecular vulnerability of GBM and have shifted the disease management paradigm from chemotherapy to targeted therapies. Targeted drugs have been developed to inhibit oncogenic targets in GBM, including receptors involved in the angiogenic axis, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway, as well as IDH1/2 pathway. While certain targeted drugs showed promising results in vivo, the translatability of such preclinical achievements in GBM remains a barrier. We also discuss the recent developments and clinical assessments of targeted drugs, as well as the prospects of cell-based therapies and combinatorial therapy as novel ways to target GBM. Targeted treatments have demonstrated preclinical efficacy over chemotherapy as an alternative or adjuvant to the current standard of care for GBM, but their clinical efficacy remains hindered by challenges such as blood-brain barrier penetrance of the drugs. The development of combinatorial targeted therapies is expected to improve therapeutic efficacy and overcome drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: therapeutic targets to overcome tumor immune evasion","authors":"Junli Lu, Yiming Luo, Dean Rao, Tiantian Wang, Zhen Lei, Xiaoping Chen, Bixiang Zhang, Yiwei Li, Bifeng Liu, Limin Xia, Wenjie Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40164-024-00505-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-024-00505-7","url":null,"abstract":"Paradoxically, tumor development and progression can be inhibited and promoted by the immune system. After three stages of immune editing, namely, elimination, homeostasis and escape, tumor cells are no longer restricted by immune surveillance and thus develop into clinical tumors. The mechanisms of immune escape include abnormalities in antitumor-associated immune cells, selection for immune resistance to tumor cells, impaired transport of T cells, and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A population of distinct immature myeloid cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), mediate immune escape primarily by exerting immunosuppressive effects and participating in the constitution of an immunosuppressive microtumor environment. Clinical trials have found that the levels of MDSCs in the peripheral blood of cancer patients are strongly correlated with tumor stage, metastasis and prognosis. Moreover, animal experiments have confirmed that elimination of MDSCs inhibits tumor growth and metastasis to some extent. Therefore, MDSCs may become the target of immunotherapy for many cancers, and eliminating MDSCs can help improve the response rate to cancer treatment and patient survival. However, a clear definition of MDSCs and the specific mechanism involved in immune escape are lacking. In this paper, we review the role of the MDSCs population in tumor development and the mechanisms involved in immune escape in different tumor contexts. In addition, we discuss the use of these cells as targets for tumor immunotherapy. This review not only contributes to a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the essential role of MDSCs in immune system reactions against tumors but also provides information to guide the development of cancer therapies targeting MDSCs.","PeriodicalId":12180,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}