Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics最新文献

{"title":". Problems of school reform according to the concept “The New Ukrainian Schoolˮ","authors":"Petеr Sikorskyi","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11563","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the topical issues of secondary education reform according to the concept of “The New Ukrainian Schoolˮ. The first stage of this reform in primary school is coming to end. During this period, a lot of work has been done: the educational material base has been significantly strengthened, especially with new computer systems and educational equipment. New educational programs, textbooks and manuals have been prepared, new pedagogical approaches are being introduced: personality-oriented, competence-oriented and activity-oriented. Teaching and learning technologies are changing significantly, alongside with the approaches to students’ academic assessment. Much has been borrowed from the experience of the developed Western countries, including Finland. There is a change in the views on education of children with special needs and separate programs with additional funding have been created for them. The New Ukrainian School envisages a systematic reform of all levels of education, and the effective reform of the previous level, such as the primary school, should ensure the successful education of students in basic secondary school. Have all the conceptual ideas been implemented in the primary school where the first stage of the reform is coming to end? The answer is not, because not everything could be predicted. There are many objective reasons: the war with Russia, the corona virus, and so on. However, we will definitely defeat the enemy, and the children will continue studying in the Ukrainian schools in their native language. There are many problems to be solved. Is it about how to ensure continuity between the first and second levels of education? How to achieve high students’ motivation to daily educational work? How to modernize the educational process at the next school levels? These and other problems are of concern to the pedagogical community today, because, despite the efforts, students’ interest in higher education, reading fiction, self-education and self-development is declining. These problems are raised in this scientific article on the basis of the gained practical experience. Keywords: The New Ukrainian School, education, principle, teaching aids, teaching and learning technology.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127264283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of educators’ soft skills: tolerance to uncertainty and thinking in conditions of instability","authors":"Svitlana Tsyura, Olga Humenyuk, O. Yefremova","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11658","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of scientific, pedagogical and regulatory sources, it is summarised that the concept of uncertainty is considered in different contexts and meanings. Tolerance for uncertainty and thinking in conditions of instability as part of the “soft skills” of educators, which, along with other skills, underlies their professional effectiveness, adaptation to life situations, remains relevant for researchers. Properties that are important for pedagogical activity are highlighted, which indicate tolerance to uncertainty: the ability to control oneself and not fall into a prolonged state of stress, psychophysical stability, anti-fragility; the ability to master emotions, to control or regulate one’s emotional states; cognitive attitudes that approve, positively colour what is incomprehensible, multitasking, non-linear or multiple; a positive attitude towards situations in which one needs to act, take responsibility, and find solutions. It also deals with intolerance to uncertainty – various negative feelings – discomfort, threat, insecurity, mistrust of oneself and others; giving preference to cognitive strategies in order to simplify situations – stereotyping, polarisation, rushing decisions, finding ways to delegate responsibility, the need for categorisation, dichotomy of thinking, which prompts to automatically give priority to one's own, familiar and usual. Factors that are the conditions and characteristics of instability in professional pedagogical activity have been identified and analysed: poly-subjectivity of educational processes; verticality of the structure of pedagogical interaction; the dynamics of educational changes and educational processes, which is particularly typical of the modern global educational space; external determinism of education by market and social factors. Based on the results of the empirical research (diagnosis of intolerance by Badner), it was found out that: 1. A significant advantage of the average level of intolerance/tolerance of the respondents was found in relation to the subscales: “novelty of the problem” – 73.91 %; “complexity of the problem” – 91.30; “insolvability of the problem” – 84.05; 2. Tolerance, that is, the low level of intolerance of the interviewees is insignificant: “insolvability of the problem” – 7.24 %; “complexity of the problem” – 1.44; “novelty of the problem” – 2.8; 3. As for the high level of intolerance, it was found that it is characteristic of a significant part of future teachers only according to the subscale “novelty of the problem” – 34.78 % – in the respondents of the Preschool Education specialty, and 17.39 % – of the Primary Education specialty. According to the “complexity of the problem” subscale, these indicators are much lower: 8.69 % and 6.52 %, respectively, and according to the “insolvability of the problem” subscale, they are 13.4 % and 6.52 %. Thus, the novelty of the problem is the main source of intolerance to uncertainty and thinking of students in ","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128691428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical and socio-cultural background of the development of home education in the USA","authors":"Yuliia Dmytriv","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11644","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes social, cultural and pedagogical foundations for the development of home education as one of the alternative forms of education in the USA. The author of the article defines the social preconditions that contributed to the development of homeschooling, including suburbanization, feminist movement, political radicalism and privatism, bureaucratic and secular features of the state school system. The main historical characteristics of the development of these prerequisites in American society are also highlighted. As a result of the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature, it is stated that the most valuable contribution to the formation of American home education was made by M. Gaither, J. Holt, R. Moore as its main supporters. It is argued that the features of the development of homeschooling and the increased interest to home education depended on some historical aspects and certain socio-political changes, which are described by the author of the article. The analysis of recent research on homeschooling helps to determine the reasons for parentsʼ dissatisfaction with private schools and the main reasons for parentsʼ choice of home education. The process of legislative consolidation of the homeschooling phenomenon came through various stages, from isolated perception to generally accepted approval at the state level, as well as the requirements for homeschooling parent-teachers, including their pedagogical certification. It was revealed the tendency to choose homeschooling as a form of protest against the state education system. The conclusions indicate the modification of the American home education from the moment of active introduction to the current state, along with prognostic prospects for its further development in quantitative and qualitative measurement. Keywords: home education, development, the USA, history of home education, home education in the USA.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134194519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The notion of a child and childhood in the Ukrainian educational traditions","authors":"O. Kvas, M. Podoliak","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11557","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood is a very important period of human life that begins with the birth of a child. Each culture and nation in the world had different attitudes towards education and upbringing of a child. The notion of “childˮ in the Ukrainian culture appears at every element of the societyʼs life. Therefore, the aim of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the perception of the world of childhood through the prism of folk ideas and culture in Ukraine. The paper reveals the notion of a child and childhood and their place in Ukrainian folk, traditions and culture. It covers the periods from Kyiv Rus to modern times and considers all significant aspects of Ukrainian culture, i.e., paintings, sculpture, prose, traditions and customs, lifestyle, and beliefs. Furthermore, the article presents different examples of the presentation of the notion “childˮ in the spheres of the Ukrainian culture. It is proved that a child was a significant element in the social and cultural life of Ukrainians in different periods. Ukrainian educational tradition paid great attention to the excellent education of children. Thus, the article demonstrates the attitude towards children of different ages mentioned in works by various artists, painters, writers, and sculptors. It is essential to recognize that religion played a crucial role in childrenʼs education by the mid 21st century, which was presented in the culture. Furthermore, the paper present the attitude of the society towards children of different origin i.e. orphans, children with one parent, homeless children etc. Folk pedagogical views on the development and education of children are the material that points to the role assigned to children within the folk culture. Therefore, it is important to research the history and evolution of these views in order to implement the best examples into the educational process. Keywords: childhood, child, education methods, customs and traditions, history of pedagogy.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130973462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applied aspect of the criteria for selecting illustrative didactic materials in the ukrainian language and reading textbooks","authors":"N. Rostykus, Diana Kulchytska","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11562","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the issue of textbook development in accordance with the reform the New Ukrainian School. It presents the essence of the concepts “textbook development” and “the didactic material” based on the scientific literature. The authors argue that the main task of a school textbook remains unchanged, though the changes occur due to the new functions of a book in modern society development. They compare general criteria for textbooks design in the works of Jan Amos Komensky and the criteria developed in alignment with The New Ukrainian School reform. The teachers today are given the opportunity to choose the textbook, which will help them to best implement the content of primary education. Thus, each teacher in schools with the instruction in the Ukrainian language has a wide range of the Ukrainian language and reading textbooks to choose from (10 textbooks (2018) recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine). The authors of the article focus on the practical aspects of the primary school teachers’ evaluation of the materials selected in the textbooks. In-depth analysis allowed specifying the criteria that teachers should pay attention to in choosing the Ukrainian language and reading textbook for the 1st grade based on the practical aspect of the selected didactic materials. The results of the primary school teachers’ survey on the issue of the didactic material selection are presented. The survey revealed that there is a need for special events (seminars, workshops, webinars etc.) aimed at the development of teachers’ quality skills to analyze the didactic content of the textbooks for their objective evaluation and selection. Keywords: textbook, textbook design, didactic material, illustrative material, selection criteria.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133382943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical aspects of establishing of pedagogical interaction in higher-educational institutions","authors":"Yuliya Derkach, Nataliya Machynska","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11500","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers theoretical and practical aspects of the organization of pedagogical interaction in higher-educational institutions. It is noted that the category of “interactionˮ was first used in the works of philosophers in the context of interpreting natural theories of the origin of the universe in the VII–VI centuries. BC. It is proved that pedagogical interaction in a pandemic time requires new approaches for its practical implementation. Based on the theoretical analysis of scientific sources, it is shown that pedagogical interaction is the result of awareness of participants of the educational process: social, professional and activity experience; experience of activity and interpersonal relations in a small group; intersubjective experience. The analysis of separate semantic and functional features of the category “interactionˮ in the system of psychological and pedagogical concepts, in particular: influence, mutual influence, activity, contacts is offered. The variety of goals of pedagogical interaction, which are realized by its participants, is described: formation of a competent specialist in the chosen field; creating conditions for the formation of motivational readiness of students for professional growth; usage of means for an effective practical component of professional training of students in the conditions of lockdown restrictions. Emphasis is placed on the role of the mentor (curator) of the academic group in establishing effective pedagogical interaction. It is noted that the effectiveness of mentors is largely due to the usage in their professional activity the main principles of pedagogy of cooperation: the principle of equality, the principle of partnership, the principle of mutual respect. Practical advice on establishing effective pedagogical interaction in the educational environment of higher-educational institutions is offered. It is essential to have maximum access to various sources of information, keep the rights of all participants of pedagogical interaction and create invariant professionally oriented tasks in order to solve them in the online learning system. Keywords: pedagogical interaction, academic group advisor, educational process, applicants for higher education, pedagogy of cooperation.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"697 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132779852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of difficulty in solving arithmetic problems by primary education students","authors":"N. Sirant","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.36.11564","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the issue of elementary school students’ ability to solve arithmetic problems while facing some difficulties, the nature of which has not been sufficiently studied yet. Trying to find out the reason for these difficulties it should be clarified what constitutes a simple problem as a subject of students’ cognition, and how it is understood by the students at their first stages of studying. For this purpose it is necessary to consider how the novice student relates to the task which the teacher offers him/her, how he/she subjectively “accepts” it. Today, the educational institution deals with the personality, identity of the individual, while the individual turns out to be the center of ethics and will act as the main methodological position in upbringing and education. In the systemic nature of education one of the important roles belongs to primary education, which lays the foundation of intellectual, ethical, emotional and volitional qualities of the individual. The mathematics education field is the midpoint for mastering the acquisition of mathematical knowledge, building proficiency and skills, and obtaining the full mathematics education. Arithmetic problems are of great importance in the study of mathematics. They, on the one hand, create a characteristic section of the typical program, the meaning of which the student must learn, and, on the other hand, could be interpreted as a learning material of training, education and development of the elementary school student. Among the system of tasks, which are the subject of studying mathematical field of knowledge, the main place is inherent exactly to the arithmetic problems. Their solution is aimed at the formation of students’ system of mathematical knowledge, development of their skills and abilities of mathematical modeling, calculation, intellectual activity. Arithmetic problems help to reveal the mediated connections with the world and practical activities of people, using ICT, implementing cognitive and educational functions of learning. Keywords: mathematics, arithmetic problems, solution, psychology, textbooks, ICT, Lego bricks.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115207681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training of future specialists in the social sphere at higher education institutions for their professional activity in the inclusive environment","authors":"Ivanna Sukhotska","doi":"10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2022.37.11656","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the problem of training future specialists in the social sphere for professional activity in the conditions of an inclusive environment. Its relevance in modern society and lack of development in scientific research and practical implementation are emphasized, including the need to involve and outline the content of work of a specialist in the social sphere in the conditions of an inclusive environment. An analysis of the current state of development of higher professional education in Ukraine is presented. An analysis of scientific terminology is carried out in the context of the specified problem, in particular professional training, inclusive environment, social worker. Scientific research on the problem of the professional activity of a social worker is analised. It is determined that this process is complex, which is due to the specific nature of the profession itself, various processes of development of both the individual and society as a whole. The components influencing the effective training of future specialists in the social sphere in institutions of higher education (universities) are analysed; and the key components of the educational process of a higher education institution are outlined, which contribute to the effective training of specialists in social area for their professional activity in the conditions of an inclusive environment: students’ motivation, providing students with educational practice (internship), students’ interest in volunteering. The main professional qualities (knowledge and skills) are described, personal characteristics of a specialist in the social sphere necessary for professional activity in the conditions of an inclusive environment are presented. It is claimed that an organised system of knowledge, a high level of theoretical knowledge cannot reliably ensure success in social work; so important skills for effective social work are listed. The need for further research into the problem of training specialists to work in an inclusive social and educational space is emphasised. Keywords: inclusive environment, persons with special needs, professional activity, professional training, specialists in the social sphere.","PeriodicalId":121413,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Pedagogics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122251496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}