{"title":"Shifting Winds in South Asia: Challenges for the Dragon, Eagle, Elephant and the Hidden Tiger","authors":"Z. Rahman, Apon Zahir","doi":"10.52823/cwge5733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/cwge5733","url":null,"abstract":"The old US-led world order, which has prevailed in the region since the Cold War's end, is now coming to an end. The rapid growth in China’s economic might has adorned it with grand ambitions to break away from the existing order and forge a new one where China once again retains hegemony in Asia. However, amid the struggle, smaller powers now find a unique opportunity to play an active role in shaping the future by carefully balancing diplomatic ties between the two rival superpowers. Thus, the possibility of a multipolar world order remains, where a rising third-world nation, such as Bangladesh, may yet find room to play. This article briefly explores the Indo-Pacific geopolitical entanglement through the lenses of the US, China, India, and Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126658467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Government Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: Challenges and the Way Forward","authors":"Mahtab Uddin Chowdhury, Saharin Priya Shaoun","doi":"10.52823/iqzt7085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/iqzt7085","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19, as an emerging catastrophe, posed unprecedented challenges with global socio-economic, political, and policy ramifications. Being a densely populated country, Bangladesh has seen the effects of the pandemic since March 2020. As a democratic republic, the local government system (LGS) is expected to play a significant role in governance to deal with this immeasurable crisis requiring a comprehensive governmental action plan. This research aims to investigate the country's local government system during the pandemic. Generally, the government struggled immensely to cope with the challenges it had to face. As an integral part of the state structure, LGS also faced numerous challenges for various reasons, including financial, political and policy limitations in tackling the crisis. The study found an absence of cooperation, coordination, and communication between the central government and local bodies. There were also difficulties with transparency and accountability that needed to be addressed correctly. Under these circumstances, the study will aim to demonstrate the country's local government responses to the pandemic. The research will follow a qualitative approach using secondary data and case study-based analysis.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116279258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Islam, Md. Anwer Hossain, Rahul Kumar Sanjowal
{"title":"Bangladesh at Fifty: Changes and Challenges in Population and Development","authors":"M. M. Islam, Md. Anwer Hossain, Rahul Kumar Sanjowal","doi":"10.52823/pnif4859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/pnif4859","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh turned 50 in 2021 having made remarkable progress in population and development, such as reducing total fertility and maternal mortality, boosting contraceptive prevalence, reducing infant and child mortality, increasing life expectancy at birth, and enhancing gender parity in schooling, women's empowerment, and overall development. This paper explores the past and determines the drivers of population change and development challenges, the current situation, and future trends and issues up to 2041—the year benchmarked for the country to attain 'developed' status. The study uses censuses, national-level surveys, population projections, and UN and World Bank data. Reducing total fertility, curbing child marriage, addressing adolescent motherhood and their unmet need for family planning, reducing high maternal mortality ratios, the double burden of diseases and malnutrition, addressing population ageing, high youth unemployment, low female labor force participation, and increased climate change vulnerabilities are critical challenges. The demographic dividend needs urgent action. To reach the SDGs by 2030, the country must eliminate unmet contraception needs, preventable maternal deaths, and gender-based violence, and harmful practices, including child marriages.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124949597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Open Government Data (OGD) Research: Retrospection and Forethoughts","authors":"Stuti Saxena, C. Alexopoulos","doi":"10.52823/idws4806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/idws4806","url":null,"abstract":"Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives around the world have rapidly expanded as a result of E-government (electronic government). In the past decade, research in OGD has increased, but the scope of OGD research has not expanded beyond four strands: research revolving around the literature review of OGD research; research focusing on the benefits and challenges of OGD initiative implementation; research on the quality of OGD portals; and examination of the usage and adoption of OGD. This study provides an overview of these strands and an outlook on the future of OGD research. In addition to summarising the discussion in the preceding sections, the conclusion presents the study's limitations and implications for practitioners.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125040109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commentary: Enhancing Aid Effectiveness: Harmonization, Alignment, Results and Mutual Accountability","authors":"M. A. Mazid","doi":"10.52823/xpwd8097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/xpwd8097","url":null,"abstract":"Representatives of the 23 DAC members, Multilateral Development Banks (MDB), institutions, and 15 partner countries, under OECD/DAC arrangements, affirmed the importance of development to the world’s well-being. The High-Level Forum on Harmonization in Rome 2004 prescribed plans for applying good practice principles at the country level and defined sets of harmonized policies and procedures while aligning aid delivery. The Paris Declaration of 2005 agreed that aid effectiveness must strengthen governance and improve development performance, assist partner countries in developing their systems and institutions so that they can utilize all their resources more efficiently for the benefit of their people, while making partners accountable to each other to tighten the link between aid and ensuring the downward accountability of both partner governments and donors to citizens. Donors should make sure that their development aid fits with the priorities and strategies for development set out by the partner country.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122581067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Covid-19 on Higher Education: A Comparative Study of Three Public Universities in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Miraz Hosen, S. Islam, Mr. Soaib","doi":"10.52823/zutj9312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/zutj9312","url":null,"abstract":"The global health pandemic caused by COVID-19 in the 2020s has had numerous significant effects on the education sector. One of them was the transition to online-based learning. Bangladesh's public universities have also adopted this method of education, as has the rest of the world. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on higher education at three selected Bangladeshi public universities by highlighting the challenges that online teaching and learning experience. The results indicate that none of the chosen universities properly ensured a participatory and well-functioning online education system during the pandemic due to the scarcity of support, both technological and economic, for their faculties and students. The article suggests that feasible technological, monetary and academic initiatives should be taken by the universities and government authorities to strengthen the existing online education system and make it more compatible with the current requirements and any future crises.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128173241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Democratic Erosion in Comparative Contexts: Evidence from Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, and Pakistan","authors":"Ali Riaz, Md. Sohel Rana","doi":"10.52823/ripb5383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/ripb5383","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the state of democracy in the comparative contexts of Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, and Pakistan. Employing Larry Diamond’s regime categorization, the article identifies specific characteristics of the systems of governance in these countries and investigates their democratic conditions. This article makes two arguments using data from Freedom House and World Justice Project (WJP) and triangulating them with scholarly studies on relevant contexts. First, all four countries have suffered from a democracy deficit for an extended period and continue to face the same predicament. Second, there has been a disturbing trend of erosion in their democratic qualities during the 2010–2020 period. The article concludes that none of these countries is a politically closed authoritarian system. Nor is any of them a liberal democracy. Instead, all these countries bear the hallmarks of hybrid regimes, except Indonesia that turned out to be an electoral democracy.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132883144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saad Qasim, Mohammad Afzalur Rahman, Pervez Rahaman
{"title":"Forum: Reviews of Professor Abdur Razzaq’s Political Parties in India Md Mizanur Rahman","authors":"Saad Qasim, Mohammad Afzalur Rahman, Pervez Rahaman","doi":"10.52823/gdnf7253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/gdnf7253","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124920735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fred W. Riggs: The Man, His Ideas and Relevance in the Contemporary World","authors":"Krishna K. Tummala","doi":"10.52823/yibm8736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/yibm8736","url":null,"abstract":"Fred W. Riggs, whom I called as pitamaha (the great father), as the guru of gurus Bhishma in the Indian epic, Mahabharat was known. Although comparative study is not new (‘ancients’ wrote on that), Riggs made the concept his own, and advocated it very intensely. Here is a brief attempt to run the gamut of his ideas and see how they hold up in today’s world— a world that changed much and comprehensively. This is also an attempt to clear some misconceptions about is contributions as a “comparativist”. Problems may be universal, such as Covid, but the remedies can only be applied contextually and culturally—two concepts Riggs advocated. He was unjustly criticized as an ‘academic imperialist’ when he abhorred dictating to anyone. His was a ‘multicultural’ gift to be used within the ‘glocal’ context. ‘Culture’ and ‘context’ are not to be impediments to development, but essential understanding to reform, adapt and move on. The best lessons I learnt from Riggs are not to be dogmatic but to observe, adapt, protect stable political institutions and, most importantly, learn from past mistakes. In other words, remain a perpetual student.","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"B2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126836598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"David Stasavage, The Decline and Rise of Democracy: A Global History from Antiquity to Today. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2020","authors":"C. Wescott, Shadman Saquib Rahman","doi":"10.52823/oyxe3651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52823/oyxe3651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121302,"journal":{"name":"The Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126577762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}