IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag087

Susanne S Renner, Guido Grimm, Dmitry D Sokoloff

{"title":"Surviving ancestors, hard polytomies, and seed plant evolution.","authors":"Susanne S Renner, Guido Grimm, Dmitry D Sokoloff","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag087","url":null,"abstract":"Forty years of phylogenetic analysis have failed to resolve the relationships among the major groups of seed plants. From the fossil record it is clear that more seed plant groups have gone extinct than are extant, though some direct ancestors of today's clades could have survived. Here we reanalyze morphological matrices relevant to seed plants, applying two underutilized visualization tools: Networks for displaying incompatible phylogenetic signal and Romerograms (spindle diagrams) for depicting alternative relationships, suspected budding speciation, and surviving ancestors. Surviving ancestors give rise to hard polytomies, and networks may help pinpoint them as suggested by experiments in which we added simulated ancestors to our matrix. Romerograms - whose reproducible construction we illustrate - offer a heuristic means of representing phylogenetic hypotheses, and we argue that the field's near-exclusive focus on identifying sister groups and representing them in cladograms may have driven phylogenetics into an impasse. Identifying true evolutionary polytomies warrants further methodological research, but broadening the repertoire of data visualization approaches may help overcome the field's entrenched bias toward strictly dichotomous trees.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unmasking black and yellow in a common garden: genetic and environmental drivers of urban colour divergence. 揭开普通花园中黑色和黄色的面纱：城市色彩差异的遗传和环境驱动因素。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag081

Lisa Sandmeyer, Arnaud Grégoire, Samuel P Caro, Amélie Fargevieille, Baptiste Chenet, Marc Romans, Anne Charmantier, Claire Doutrelant

{"title":"Unmasking black and yellow in a common garden: genetic and environmental drivers of urban colour divergence.","authors":"Lisa Sandmeyer, Arnaud Grégoire, Samuel P Caro, Amélie Fargevieille, Baptiste Chenet, Marc Romans, Anne Charmantier, Claire Doutrelant","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag081","url":null,"abstract":"Communication signals of many taxa, such as colouration, differ in urban areas compared to natural habitats. However, the mechanisms shaping these divergences-genetic or environmental-remain unclear. We studied urban and forest great tits (Parus major) from populations where carotenoid-based colouration is reduced in urban habitats compared to forest, and first examined whether they differed in their melanic patches. We then used a common garden experiment to determine if the colour differences were maintained when birds were raised from the unincubated egg stage in a common environment. In the wild, urban males showed smaller black ties than forest males, and along an urbanisation gradient within urban habitat. Common garden birds of urban origin exhibited reduced chromatic yellow breast and smaller ties compared to forest-origin birds. In contrast, common garden birds from both habitats did not differ in yellow brightness or ultraviolet chroma. These results suggest that divergences in carotenoid saturation and melanin patch are primarily driven by genetic changes or early maternal investment in eggs, whereas yellow brightness or ultraviolet chroma are more environmentally determined. These findings provide information on the mechanisms driving phenotypic divergence in urban birds, with potential implications for mate choice, social dynamics, and evolutionary trajectories in anthropogenic landscapes.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digest: Evidence for incipient hybrid speciation in the Black-cheeked Gnateater. 摘要：在黑颊蚊中早期杂交物种形成的证据。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag090

Jente Ottenburghs

引用次数: 0

Lifetime fitness and annual survival are heritable and highly genetically correlated in a wild primate population. 在野生灵长类动物种群中，终生健康和年存活率是可遗传的，并且具有高度的遗传相关性。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag086

Beniamino Tuliozi, Elizabeth A Archie, Jenny Tung, Susan C Alberts

{"title":"Lifetime fitness and annual survival are heritable and highly genetically correlated in a wild primate population.","authors":"Beniamino Tuliozi, Elizabeth A Archie, Jenny Tung, Susan C Alberts","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag086","url":null,"abstract":"The additive genetic variance (VA) of fitness quantifies the expected response to selection. Lifetime reproductive success (LRS) is an effective metric of lifetime fitness in animal population, while time-limited fitness metrics such as annual survival or fertility can help to identify which fitness component - e.g., annual survival or fertility - harbor the most VA in fitness. Here we estimated the VA and heritability (h2) of LRS and three time-limited fitness metrics in a wild female baboon population in Kenya. The most heritable metrics were LRS (h2=0.25 [0.18, 0.34]) and annual survival (h2=0.23 [0.15, 0.33]). By further partitioning LRS, we were able to show that nearly all the VA for LRS was attributable to survival to first successful reproduction. Furthermore, all fitness metrics examined were highly genetically correlated with each other, supporting the use of time-limited metrics when LRS data are limited. Our analyses predicted faster phenotypic evolution than we have observed, raising the possibility that environmental or social variables masked responses to selection or inflated estimated VA. Overall, our findings reveal a substantial genetic contribution to variation in survival, and in turn, to fitness and contemporary evolution in a long-lived animal.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversification and divergence in Myioborus warblers: insights into evolutionary relationships and plumage genetics. 小莺的多样化和分化：对进化关系和羽毛遗传学的见解。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag085

Laura N Céspedes Arias, Kevin F P Bennett, Leonardo Campagna, Andrew W Wood, Elisa Bonaccorso, Andrés M Cuervo, Carlos Daniel Cadena, Irby J Lovette, David P L Toews

{"title":"Diversification and divergence in Myioborus warblers: insights into evolutionary relationships and plumage genetics.","authors":"Laura N Céspedes Arias, Kevin F P Bennett, Leonardo Campagna, Andrew W Wood, Elisa Bonaccorso, Andrés M Cuervo, Carlos Daniel Cadena, Irby J Lovette, David P L Toews","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag085","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic data can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary history of rapidly diversifying groups and the genetic basis of phenotypic traits. We performed whole-genome resequencing of the warbler genus Myioborus to investigate the dynamics of its recent diversification in Neotropical mountains. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA produced mostly concordant tree topologies and revealed a pattern of north-to-south and low-to-high elevation colonization. Within a young tropical Andes clade (M. albifrons, M. ornatus, and M. melanocephalus), we found topological incongruence between our phylogenies. In general, relationships coincided with plumage types; however, three taxa with striking plumage differences exhibited low mitochondrial divergence. The hybridizing taxa M. ornatus chrysops and M. melanocephalus bairdi showed very shallow genomic differentiation, with most divergence peaks across the genome shared with other parulid warbler pairs, pointing to shared genomic architecture shaping these regions. However, a unique differentiated region included the gene CCDC91, which is associated with melanin-based plumage differences in other birds. We also identified a large region of elevated differentiation on the Z chromosome showing strong signals of reduced recombination. Together, these results highlight the interplay of deep ancestral divergence, recent hybridization, and shared genomic architecture in shaping the evolution of phenotypic and genomic diversity in Myioborus.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

History of divergence and gene flow shaping geographic variation in Andean warblers (Myioborus). 安第斯林莺（Myioborus）的分化史和基因流形成地理变异。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag083

Laura N Céspedes Arias, Andrés M Cuervo, Carlos Daniel Cadena, Elisa Bonaccorso, Christopher Witt, Irby Lovette, Leonardo Campagna

{"title":"History of divergence and gene flow shaping geographic variation in Andean warblers (Myioborus).","authors":"Laura N Céspedes Arias, Andrés M Cuervo, Carlos Daniel Cadena, Elisa Bonaccorso, Christopher Witt, Irby Lovette, Leonardo Campagna","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag083","url":null,"abstract":"Studying how genetic variation is structured across space, and how it relates to divergence in phenotypic traits relevant to reproductive isolation, is important for our understanding of the speciation process. We used ddRAD-seq data to examine genetic variation across the distribution of an Andean warbler species complex (Myioborus ornatus-melanocephalus), which includes a known hybrid zone between two taxa with striking plumage differences. Genetic structure reflects geographic variation in head plumage, with some breaks coinciding with major topographic barriers in the Andes. We found that M. o. chrysops and M. m. bairdi, the two hybridizing taxa, were characterized by low overall genetic divergence. Based on our cline analyses of plumage and genomic hybrid indices, this hybrid zone extends for approximately 250 km, where advanced generation hybrids are likely most common. We also identified a slight difference in the geographic centers of the plumage and genetic ancestry clines, potentially suggesting asymmetric introgression of chrysops-like plumage traits. By studying genetic variation in a phenotypically diverse group distributed across a topographically complex area that includes a hybrid zone, we show how both geographic features and plumage traits potentially relevant to mate choice may contribute to species formation and maintenance in tropical mountains.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinism and contingency in the evolution of giant filter-feeding vertebrates. 巨型滤食性脊椎动物进化中的决定论与偶然性。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag078

Jaime López-Galán, Humberto G Ferrón, Héctor Botella

{"title":"Determinism and contingency in the evolution of giant filter-feeding vertebrates.","authors":"Jaime López-Galán, Humberto G Ferrón, Héctor Botella","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag078","url":null,"abstract":"Giant suspension feeders have evolved repeatedly across vertebrates, but the relative roles of deterministic factors and phylogenetic contingency remain unclear. To test this, we integrate new selachian data with published pachycormiform and cetacean datasets to reconstruct phylomorphospaces from standardized cranial, dental, and jaw metrics (gape, orbit size, mechanical advantage, mandibular aspect ratio), evaluate convergence using quantitative metrics, and fit alternative multivariate evolutionary models. Independent lineages evolve from distinct macrophagous ancestors but follow roughly parallel trajectories into a shared morphospace region linked to efficient capture of small planktonic prey. Overlap is limited: pachycormiforms and filter-feeding selachians occupy adjoining areas, while mysticetes extend to a distinct endpoint along the same functional continuum. Convergence is strongest across clades, particularly between pachycormiforms and selachians, and comparatively weak within clades. Evolutionary modeling favors multiregime Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes over Brownian or single-regime alternatives, identifying either three clade-specific optima or a shared optimum for pachycormiforms and selachians distinct from cetaceans. These results reveal repeated convergence on analogous functional designs stabilized around lineage-specific adaptive peaks. Giant filter-feeders thus illustrate how selective pressures can guide evolutionary direction, while historical constraints shape trajectories-showing determinism and contingency as complementary forces.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Founder effects drive high mitochondrial dN/dS in island rails. 方正效应驱动高线粒体dN/dS。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag068

Kees Wanders, Zeynep Oğuzhan, Martin Stervander, Rebecca T Kimball, Edward L Braun, Sascha Dreyer, Daniel Bilyeli Øksnebjerg, Gary R Graves, Carsten Rahbek, Guangji Chen, Shaohong Feng, Guojie Zhang, Peter A Hosner

{"title":"Founder effects drive high mitochondrial dN/dS in island rails.","authors":"Kees Wanders, Zeynep Oğuzhan, Martin Stervander, Rebecca T Kimball, Edward L Braun, Sascha Dreyer, Daniel Bilyeli Øksnebjerg, Gary R Graves, Carsten Rahbek, Guangji Chen, Shaohong Feng, Guojie Zhang, Peter A Hosner","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag068","url":null,"abstract":"Insular (island-limited) populations typically show signatures of weak purifying selection, indicating high genetic load and reduced fitness compared with mainland populations. However, the source of this pattern is often unclear-it may reflect residual signatures from a temporary period of small effective population size (Ne) associated with island colonisation (founder effects), persistently small Ne due to the lower carrying capacity of islands (range limitations), or relaxed selective constraints unrelated to Ne. Here we disentangle these hypotheses by analysing the drivers of variation in evolutionary rates of nonsynonymous (dN) and synonymous (dS) sites in nine mitochondrial genes (8001bp) from 40 rail species (Aves: Rallidae). We find that insular species with short terminal branches (indicating recent island colonisation) have highly elevated mitochondrial dN/dS across multiple mitochondrial genes. In contrast, rails representing more ancient island colonisations have dN/dS ratios that are indistinguishable from mainland/widespread species. Furthermore, we find that island size is unrelated to dN/dS among island species. These results indicate that insular rails suffer a high initial cost of island colonisation and undergo a period of inefficient selection due to founder effects, but that there is little impact from longer-term range limitations or relaxed selection.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The robustness and evolvability of continuously-varying traits. 连续变化特征的鲁棒性和进化性。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag082

Nate B Hardy

{"title":"The robustness and evolvability of continuously-varying traits.","authors":"Nate B Hardy","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag082","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical work on the evolution of simple phenotypes with discrete states, such as RNA and protein structures, has shown that the most evolvable phenotypes have intermediate levels of mutational robustness, so long as we let neutral mutations cause the diversification of a population's mutationally-accessible phenotypic neighborhood. But whether this applies to more complex phenotypes is unclear. Here, I predict that for quantitative traits, intermediate levels of mutational robustness should boost evolvability whenever (i) the adaptive landscape changes after a period of stabilizing selection, and (ii) the phenotypic neighborhood of a genotype is determined in large part by the accumulation of cryptic alleles, the effects of which can be exposed to selection by epistatic mutations. I present evolutionary simulation models that support these predictions, provided that cryptic allele effects are not too large. Genetic diversity can also be concealed and exposed by incomplete environmental robustness (i.e., plasticity). With additional simulations, I show that evolvability can also be maximized with intermediate levels of environmental robustness, although in a more restrictive parameter space. So, as for discrete traits, quantitative trait robustness can be good for evolvability.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correcting for Complexity: Incorporating Trait-Numbers Enhances the Performance of EMMLi in Investigating Modularity. 修正复杂性：结合特征数提高EMMLi在调查模块化方面的性能。

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学

Evolution Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpag080

J H Arbour

{"title":"Correcting for Complexity: Incorporating Trait-Numbers Enhances the Performance of EMMLi in Investigating Modularity.","authors":"J H Arbour","doi":"10.1093/evolut/qpag080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag080","url":null,"abstract":"Adams and Collyer (2019) evaluated the statistical performance of several approaches for quantifying morphological modularity and found that EMMLi had inflated type I error rates and a bias towards more complex models compared to the Covariance Ratio (CR) approach. They suggested that this may have been at least partly driven by the fact that AICc values from EMMLi do not incorporate trait numbers, but this was not verified. Here I present a performance analysis of a trait-number corrected EMMLi approach (\"EMMLip\"), showing that this ameliorates rates of false discovery and produces conservative results that favor less complex models. The corrected EMMLi approach was effective at differentiating models of modularity with varying between- and within-module covariation especially when effect size or dataset size were sufficiently large. While CR tests remained more effective at specifically detecting overall modularity, I found that CR tests are sensitive to varying within/between module covariation, and in some cases had inflated model misspecification between 2- and 3-module hypotheses. With this minor correction (albeit incomplete), the combination of EMMLip and CR tests becomes the best available toolkit for detecting and contrasting modularity hypotheses. This toolkit is however still imperfect, and I discuss future avenues for improvements.","PeriodicalId":12082,"journal":{"name":"Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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