European journal of respiratory diseases最新文献

{"title":"Microalbuminuria and the Presence of Hypoxemia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"S. M. R. S. M. Rezwanuzzaman, A. Miraj, Shuvo Majumder, Zakir Hasan, Kaoser Alam, Nasir Uddin Patwary","doi":"10.14302/issn.2642-9241.jrd-22-4181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2642-9241.jrd-22-4181","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Worldwide, the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major public health concern; On the basis of epidemiologic data, by 2020, COPD will be the third leading cause of death worldwide.\u0000\u0000Objective\u0000To assess the frequency of Microalbuminuria and the presence of Hypoxemia in patients with COPD.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods\u0000Study Design\u0000Cross-sectional observational study.\u0000\u0000Place of Study\u0000Department of Medicine & Respiratory Medicine in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH).\u0000\u0000Study Period\u0000Six months after approval of the protocol\u0000\u0000Study Population\u0000Patient suffering from COPD and admitted in Department of Medicine & Respiratory medicine, DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 100 samples were included in this study. COPD usually presents with a history of chronic cough with sputum production or exertional breathlessness which may be associated with relevant clinical findings and a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than 0.7. In most cases it is associated with smoking\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Total 100 patients of COPD were included in the study. Mean age was 58.16±5.4 years ranging from 50 to 74 years. Out of 100 patients, majority (42%) were from age group 55 to 60 years. Among all, 82% patients were male and 18% were female, of 100 patients, majority (30%) were day laborer. Only 2% were unemployed. The percentage of housewives was 18%. Other 34% were businessman and service holders. COPD severity was assessed using GOLD guideline. Out of 100 COPD patients, 38% had severe COPD (GOLD stage III). 16 % patients were in mild (Stage I) and 32% patients were in moderate stage (Stage II). The condition was very severe for 14% patients (Stage IV). Of 100 COPD patients, 30% had microalbuminuria. Among 100 COPD patients, chance of microalbuminuria increases among COPD patients with the increase of age significantly. There is smoking history of 36 pack year for COPD patients with microalbuminuria. Of 100 patients 26% were hypoxemic. The average forced expiratory volume (FEV1%) was 37.40 with standard deviation 14.48 for patients with microalbuminuria. The PaO2 and PaCO2 is 63.06 with standard deviation 7.09 and 46.09 with standard deviation 2.43 for COPD patients with microalbuminuria respectively. All of these characteristics are significant with p-value 0.00. However, the body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were not found significant. The patients who had PaO2 less than 70 mmHg were considered hypoxemic. The patients who had microalbuminuria among them 87% were hypoxemic. Only 13% patients were free from hypoxemia who had microalbuminuria. Patients without microalbuminuria had no history of hypoxemia. There is significant relation exists between hypoxemia and the presence of microalbuminuria (p<0.5).\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000In this study, about one-fourth of the patients have hypoxemia and more than one fourth of the patients have microalbuminuria. Stage III was more frequent among the study population but there was no associ","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90603553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Phase Lung Damage Mechanisms For COVID-19 Disease, and Driving Force and Selectivity in Leukecyte Recruitment and Migration","authors":"Jianqing Wu, P. Zha","doi":"10.14302/issn.2642-9241.jrd-22-4132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2642-9241.jrd-22-4132","url":null,"abstract":"To understand lung damages caused by COVID-19, we deduced two phases lung damage mechanisms. After the lungs are infected with COVID-19, the affected lung tissue swells and surface properties of pulmonary capillaries change, both contributing to an increased flow resistance of the capillaries. The initial damages are mainly fluid leakage in a limited number of involved alveoli.\u0000\u0000The increased vascular resistance results in retaining more white blood cells (“WBCs”) in pulmonary capillaries. Some of the WBCs may get into interstitial spaces. When more and more WBCs are dynamically retained, the vascular resistance of pulmonary capillaries further rises; and thus the overall vascular resistance of the lungs rises and pulmonary pressure rises. The rise in the pulmonary pressure in turn results in elevated capillary pressures. When pulmonary capillary pressures around the alveoli are sufficiently high, the elevated pressure causes interstitial pressures to change from normally negative values to positive values. The positive pressures cause fluid leakage to the alvoeli and thus degrade lung function. Tissue swelling, and occupation of WBCs in interstitial spaces and occupation of alvoelar spaces by leaked water result in reduced deformable and compressible spaces, and thus causes a further rise of the vascular resistance of the lungs. When the pulmonary pressure has reached a critical point as in the second phase, the blood breaks capillary walls and squeezes through interstitial spaces to reach alveolar spaces, resulting in irreversible lung damages. Among potential influencing factors, the available space in the thorax cage, temperature, and humid are expected to have great impacts. The free space in the thorax cage, lung usable capacity, and other organ usable capacities are the major factors that determine the arrival time of last- phase irreversible damage. The mechanisms imply that the top priority for protecting lungs is maintaining pulmonary micro-circulation and preserving organ functions in the entire disease course while controlling viral reproduction should be stressed in the earliest time possible. The mechanisms also explain how leukecytes are “recruited and migrated” into inflamed tissues by dynamic retention.","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80368243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cancer and Isolated Adrenal Metastases: Different Disease?","authors":"Rodrigo A S Sardenberg, R. Younes, Marcos André Costa, C. Teixeira","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-18-2499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-18-2499","url":null,"abstract":"Distant metastases generally indicate disseminated disease and the standard treatment for these patients is palliative chemotherapy. Retrospective series showed that selected patients with metastatic lung cancer and a solitary extrathoracic disease could be effectively treated with curative intention by resection of both primary tumor and the single site of metastatic disease.\u0000\u0000According to current data, adrenalectomy might be considered as an alternative option for patients with isolated adrenal metastases. Significant morbidity and mortality may be happened by these procedures, and a cautious analysis of pros and cons should be discussed with the patient.\u0000\u0000We present a review of the literature and updated recommendations focusing lung cancer with solitary adrenal metastasis.","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79516322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diaphragmatic Pacing as an Alternative to Mechanical Ventilation: Early Experience from a Developing Country","authors":"Rodrigo A S Sardenberg, R. Younes","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-19-2689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-19-2689","url":null,"abstract":"Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of patients submitted to diaphragmatic pacing, and the impact on quality of life of patients who chronically depend on mechanical ventilation, as well as the effectiveness of phrenic stimulation to eliminate the need for mechanical ventilation. Methods From 2010- 2014, 10 patients completely dependent on mechanical ventilation were operated upon, with the implantation of phrenic pacing device. The diagnoses were quadriplegia and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS). All patients underwent bilateral approach to the phrenic nerves, by video-assisted thoracic surgery or mini-thoracotomy. Results All patientsstarted pacing 30-40 days post-operatively. The mean age of patients was 12.1 years (2-27 years range) with a median of ten years. Six patients (54.5%) were as old as ten years, and three (27.2%) were older than 20 years. Younger patients had CCHS and older ones were quadriplegic. All patients with CCHS (n = 4) were nine years old or younger while only two quadriplegic patients were in this age group. Conclusions Diaphragmatic pacing can provide improvement in the quality of life of patients who depend on mechanical ventilation, allowing freedom to conduct daily activities, lower respiratory infections, and tracheostomy decannulation.","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79154839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Pneumonia: Biological Rules and Laws require Attention and Respect","authors":"I. Klepikov","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-19-2667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2642-9241.JRD-19-2667","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>-</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"40 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91024989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in transcutaneous PCO2 with sleep in normal subjects and in patients with chronic respiratory diseases.","authors":"B Midgren,&nbsp;L Hansson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to establish the normal range for increase in transcutaneous PCO2 (PtcCO2) during sleep, 33 healthy volunteers were investigated with the Hewlett Packard capnometer 47210A option A10. PtcCO2 was on average 46 mmHg (6.1 kPa) when the subjects were awake. The highest recorded level during sleep was, on average, 52 mmHg (6.9 kPa). The mean maximal increase was thus 6 mm Hg (0.8 kPa) or 13% of awake PtcCO2. Measurements were also performed in 15 patients with interstitial lung disease, 23 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10 patients with scoliosis and in 21 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. The mean maximal increase in PtcCO2 with sleep was essentially the same in all groups, except in the scoliosis patients who showed an increase of 11 mmHg (1.5 kPa) (21% of awake PtcCO2); this was significantly more than in any other group. There was a positive relationship (r = 0.67, p less than 0.05) between arterial PCO2 and the increase in PtcCO2 in the scoliotics but not in the other groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"71 5","pages":"388-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14257252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Comparison of ECG, radiological measurements, echocardiography and myocardial scintigraphy.","authors":"M Oswald-Mammosser,&nbsp;T Oswald,&nbsp;E Nyankiye,&nbsp;M C Dickele,&nbsp;D Grange,&nbsp;E Weitzenblum","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The respective value of four non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was investigated in 63 COPD patients, using right heart catheterization as the reference method: 22 patients had no resting PAH (pulmonary artery mean pressure (PAP) less than or equal to 20 mmHg); 26 patients had mild PAH (PAP = 21-30 mmHg); and 15 patients had moderate to severe PAH (PAP greater than 30 mmHg). The specificity of ECG was 86% and the sensitivity 51% (only 38% in mild PAH). The specificity of radiological measurements was 63% and the sensitivity 46% (38% in mild PAH). Echocardiography (echo) had the best results with a specificity of 75% and a sensitivity of 78% (73% in mild PAH), but reliable echo measurements were available in only 52 out of 63 patients. Myocardial scintigraphy had a specificity of 68% and a sensitivity of 66% (58% in mild PAH). A stepwise regression analysis (including one echo, one ECG, one radiological and one functional variable) explained only 43% of the variance of PAP (multiple r = 0.66). These results suggest that no individual method is sufficiently reliable for predicting the presence of PAH, and particularly mild PAH, but the combination of echo + myocardial scintigraphy allows the prediction of PAH with a good probability. The precise level of PAH cannot be estimated, even when using multiple regression equations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"71 5","pages":"419-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14568053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procoagulant activities in human alveolar macrophages.","authors":"B Nakstad,&nbsp;N P Boye,&nbsp;T Lyberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coexistence of fibrin and tissue macrophages is a common finding in the histopathology of chronic lung inflammatory diseases. Human lung alveolar macrophages (LAM) obtained by lavage of healthy donors can initiate the coagulation sequence by expressing procoagulant factors. The procoagulants of LAM were in this study identified to be either thromboplastin (tissue factor) or a direct factor X activator, probably a thromboplastin/factor VII complex. LAM did not show inducible thromboplastin synthesis as did monocytes when stimulated in vitro. LAM were separated into four subpopulations by density gradient centrifugation. The specific thromboplastin activity of subpopulation cells varied inversely with their density. Low-density subpopulations of LAM released microvesicles from their surface which could be recovered in the culture medium, and which expressed procoagulant activities with the same characteristics as the LAM procoagulants. These findings suggest that alveolar macrophages and the membrane vesicles shed from their surface contribute to local fibrin deposition in the lungs by expressing procoagulant factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"71 5","pages":"459-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14567960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of clinical significance of gallium-67 uptake in non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"G. Buccheri, F. Vola, D. Ferrigno, A. Curcio, B. Violante","doi":"10.1016/0169-5002(89)90420-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5002(89)90420-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"59 1","pages":"356-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72766574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time relation between sale of cigarettes and the incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax.","authors":"L Bense,&nbsp;L G Wiman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the County of Stockholm, changes in cigarette consumption were followed within 1-2 years by similar changes in the incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax.</p>","PeriodicalId":12053,"journal":{"name":"European journal of respiratory diseases","volume":"71 5","pages":"362-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14568048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}