M. Shamlooh, A. Hamza, I. Hussein, M. Nasser, S. Salehi
{"title":"Gelation Performance of PAM/PEI Polymer-Based Mud System for Lost Circulation Control","authors":"M. Shamlooh, A. Hamza, I. Hussein, M. Nasser, S. Salehi","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120024","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Lost circulation is one of the most common problems in the drilling of oil and gas wells where mud escapes through natural or induced fractures. Lost circulation can have severe consequences from increasing the operational cost to compromising the stability of wells. Recently, polymeric formulations have been introduced for wellbore strengthening purposes where it can serve as Loss Circulation Materials (LCMs) simultaneously. Polymeric LCMs have the potential to be mixed with drilling fluids during the operation without stopping to avoid non-productive time. In this study, the significance of most common conventional mud additives and their impact on the gelation performance of Polyacrylamide (PAM) / Polyethyleneimine (PEI) has been investigated. This work helps in better understanding the process of using polymeric formulations in drilling activities. It provides insights to integrate gelling systems that are conventionally used for water shut-off during the drilling operation to replace the conventional loss circulation materials to provide a higher success rate.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123405950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ottowitz, B. Jochum, M. Yi, S. Pfeiler, A. Römer, K. Kowarik, D. Brandner, A. Nevosad, H. Reschreiter
{"title":"Geoelectric Investigations with Special Measurement Geometry to Delimit Prehistoric Mining Areas in Hallstatt","authors":"D. Ottowitz, B. Jochum, M. Yi, S. Pfeiler, A. Römer, K. Kowarik, D. Brandner, A. Nevosad, H. Reschreiter","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120009","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The Hallstatt area in Austria has a very long history of salt mining, which was frequently interrupted by large landslides. Landslide material filled the prehistoric underground mining chambers and therefore conserved their dimensions. Within several geoelectric measurement campaigns, data from ground surface measurements and from geoelectric profiles in 2 mining tunnels from the 18th century were collected, resulting in a 3D data set of about 80,000 data points. The aim was to track a mining chamber of the Early Iron Age, which has been filled with landslide material. The already existing reconstruction of this mining chamber is based on several archeological excavation points and an interpolation in between. A collapsed mining shaft known from laser scan data has been confirmed beforehand with surface ERT measurements. Due to the high resistive salt rock and the hardness and dryness of the intruded landslide material, the Early Iron Age mining chamber could not be differentiated sufficiently. Instead, results could pinpoint that the mining chambers are following the area of the highest electrical resistivity, which is determined as “Haselgebirge” in geological maps. Therefore, indications of the location of the Early Iron Age mining chamber, where no archaeological finds exists until now, could be given.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129792707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Szalai, K. Szokoli, M. K. Baracza, M. Kárpi, P. Szűcs, I. Lemperger, K. Gribovszky, E. Prácser, M. Zubair, L. Szarka
{"title":"Verification of ERT Numerical Results of G11n and Traditional Configurations by Quasi Field Modelling","authors":"S. Szalai, K. Szokoli, M. K. Baracza, M. Kárpi, P. Szűcs, I. Lemperger, K. Gribovszky, E. Prácser, M. Zubair, L. Szarka","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120029","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Traditional geoelectric array configurations, such as e.g. the Wenner-Schlumberger or the Dipole-dipole, may be very effective in one-dimensional or robust two-dimensional investigations, but they are not sufficiently sensitive to SESEP inhomogeneities, which have a Small Effect on the Surface Electrical Potential distribution due to their small size and/or large depth or small resistivity contrast to the host. Their characterization is possible by applying quasi null arrays, which provide very small signals above a homogeneous half-space. Such arrays produced very good results in numerical investigations. In this paper their field applicability is demonstrated which has been heavily questioned. The quasi field analogue modelling experiments validated all of the numerical modelγling results. Many or all of the γ11n arrays could detect prisms and vertical sheets located at depths larger than those detectable by traditional geoelectric configurations. The horizontal resolution of the γ11n arrays, too, proved to be better than that of the traditional arrays. On the basis of this quasi field analogue study, γ11n arrays are expected to be well applicable to indicate SESEP targets (e.g., caves, mines, tunnels, tubes, cables, dykes, fractures), or to follow small variations in the subsurface conditions (monitoring of e.g. dams or waste deposits).","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114685098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discrete Cosine Transform Reparameterization for Bayesian Time-Lapse ERT Inversion","authors":"A. Vinciguerra, M. Aleardi, A. Hojat, E. Stucchi","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120115","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Time-Lapse electrical resistivity tomography (TL-ERT) is used to monitor dynamic processes through mapping the resistivity variations in the subsurface. Inversion of TL-ERT data is a highly non-linear and ill-conditioned problem characterized by non-unique solutions. For this reason, an accurate uncertainty appraisal is essential to quantify the ambiguity affecting the estimated resistivity model. We present a probabilistic TL-ERT inversion in which the Differential Evolution Markov Chain (DEMC) algorithm samples the posterior probability density function, while the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is used to compress the model space. The model compression aims at mitigating both the ill-conditioned nature of the inversion problem and the curse of dimensionality issue. On the other hand, the DEMC combines principles coming from metaheuristic optimisation methods and Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms to speed up the probabilistic sampling. To draw essential conclusions about the reliability and applicability of the implemented algorithm, we focus on synthetic inversion experiments in which we simulate two data acquisitions at different time instants (t0 and t1) and we jointly estimate the resistivity model at t0 along with the resistivity changes at t1. The results demonstrate that the implemented method provides accurate model predictions and uncertainty estimations with an affordable computational cost.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128358804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Near-Mine Exploration for Iron Ore at Malmberget Using Body-Wave Seismic Interferometry","authors":"A. Stoch, H. van den Berg","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120027","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Since early days definition and targeting of ore bodies at Malmberget have been done with success by geophysical methods by way of ground gravimetric and geomagnetic exploration methods. Recent reworking of pre 1980s surface gravity and vertical component magnetic field measurements showed a coincident but prominent north-south oriented anomaly within the eastern limits of the exploration permit. Because the area is largely free from infrastructural development, aside from the nearby railway track running parallel to the anomaly for some length, it was considered a good site to test the passive seismic method. Collected data was processed using body-wave seismic intereferometry followed by the conventional reflection seismic procedures. The obtained seismic sections show that the anomaly identified by gravity and magnetic surveys is detected at a depth of 450 to 550m and that the causative reflector plunges approximately 40 degrees to the north. Seismic data were dependably processed to a depth of 2.5 km opening the possibility to derive important structural information.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125249917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Giese, S. Lueth, H. Richter, B. Wawerzinek, K. Jaksch, R. Esefelder
{"title":"3D-Underground Seismics in crystalline, salt and clay rocks","authors":"R. Giese, S. Lueth, H. Richter, B. Wawerzinek, K. Jaksch, R. Esefelder","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120046","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The modular seismic acquisition system at the GFZ is basically suitable for underground exploration in crystalline, salt and clay rocks. Special features of the application result from the different properties of the media such as degree of heterogeneity, damping, anisotropy and their interaction with the excavation zone (EDZ) induced by the cavity (drifts, tunnels). This manifests itself in different frequency damping behaviour for compressional, shear and surface waves, which require a specific use of impulse and vibration sources at the joint depending on the task. Seismic borehole measurements can contribute to a significant improvement of the resolution.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122668379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling Hydrocarbon Bearing Reservoirs Using Fuzzy SVR and Electrofacies Analysis","authors":"N. Moosavi, Mostafa Bagheri","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120145","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Permeability is one of the key petrophysical parameters of hydrocarbon bearing formations. One of the crucial roles of this parameter is to estimate production rate in oil bearing reservoirs. Permeability is usually measured by core plugs in laboratory. Although the measured value by this method is very precise, it is very expensive and time consuming. Furthermore, core data is not always available for all the wells. Over the last years, regression methods have been widely used to predict permeability in areas with core missing data. Among various regression approaches we selected SVM which works due to SRM and its produced model is less prone to over-fitting problems. Petro-physical properties in heterogeneous reservoirs vary in vertical displacements. So predicting them is difficult due to their abrupt changes. We exploited Electrofacies Analysis using Multi Resolution Graph-Based Clustering to partition formations due to their similarity. We also modified Support Vector Regression to FSVR by giving each data point a membership function to reduce effect of noise and outliers on data.The predicted outputs correlated with core data in the test well. The results show that predicted permeability from FSVR has a notably better correlation with real data compared to correlation outputs from SVR.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126524661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anomalous geomagnetic variations associated with the Etna volcanic activity during February 2021","authors":"S. Riabova","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120143","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A series of paroxysmal events separated by relative calm periods at Etna volcano (37.75 N; 14.99 E) began on February 16, 2021 and continued to February 28, 2021. The magnetic effect caused by the eruption of the Etna volcano were analyzed. The data of registration of three components of the magnetic field of Mikhnevo observatory and a number of INTERMAGNET observatories, located at different distances from the volcano, were used. The result of data analysis reveals significant anomalous changes in the Earth’s magnetic field during paroxysmal Etna volcanic activity. The morphology of anomalies is similar at different distances from the volcano. In general, amplitudes of geomagnetic anomalies do not exceed tens of nT. Anomalies are most pronounced in the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122892141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Liu, M. Griffiths, Meng Vang, D. Grombacher, J. Larsen
{"title":"Is It Redundant to Use Model-Based Subtraction Together With the Reference Noise Cancellation?","authors":"L. Liu, M. Griffiths, Meng Vang, D. Grombacher, J. Larsen","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120108","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Surface NMR is a competitive method in hydro-geophysical investigation due to its directive sensitivity to the water content, permeability and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. One of the main obstacles to expand its application in many area of interest is the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of measurement. To improve the SNR by mitigating noise, numerous approaches has been proposed, for example remote reference noise cancellation (RNC) and model-based powerline harmonics subtraction (MB). In this abstract, the question whether MB should be applied before RNC is investigated. First, the theoretical length of Wiener filter (WF) in RNC is analysed by observing harmonics relationship between primary and reference channels. Then the benefits of applying MB before RNC is given within multiple noise sources are present. Last, the noise level of field measurements processed by RNC and MB followed by RNC are compared.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132971069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Szalai, K. Szokoli, M. K. Baracza, P. Szűcs, I. Lemperger, K. Gribovszky, M. Zubair, L. Szarka
{"title":"Forecasting of the Development of a Landslide by Studying Its Fracture System","authors":"S. Szalai, K. Szokoli, M. K. Baracza, P. Szűcs, I. Lemperger, K. Gribovszky, M. Zubair, L. Szarka","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.202120028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120028","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The fracture system of a slowly moving loess landslide was studied by the well-known ERT method and by Pressure-Probe which is a simple geotechnical tool. Its application was possible because the fractures were hidden only by a few cm thick soil. Results of both methods were compared with each other and also with the reality, because exploration of the fractures was easily possible. The largest fractures which were detected by these methods served later on as sliding surfaces verifying perfectly the results of these techniques. With these methods the fracture system can be described and thus the endangered area can be delineated. They enable also prediction of future rupture surfaces and better understanding the inner structure of a landslide and thus its development.","PeriodicalId":120362,"journal":{"name":"NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134436715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}