The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs最新文献

{"title":"Global Refugee Crisis as a Threat to Peace: Insights and Outlook","authors":"D. Hossain","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.001","url":null,"abstract":"The world has been witnessing a rising number of forcibly displaced persons in the backdrop of the Ukraine War and several intrastate and inter-state conflicts. Widespread and large-scale displacements have created a new global catastrophe that threatens peace everywhere in the world. It is true that peace, whether perceived as a means or an end, is the greatest pursuit of human society. Although the world has seen remarkable progress of human civilization and enormous economic and technological changes in the past decades, it is marked by enduring conflicts, disputes, war and violence. Ironically, the world remains a place where people have been pursuing self-seeking goals in highly individualistic cultures. States remain hostage to power politics with an abiding focus on geopolitical and economic interests. The refugee crisis in the world demonstrates limitations of the global order based on distribution of power and capitalism. Refugee crisis is a trend not a blip. Precisely, it is the outcome of conflicts and persecution at intrastate, inter-state, regional and global levels. The United Nations through its manifold activities – security, development, cultural and environmental- has been contributing to peace, but the crisis persists. In this context, the paper is an attempt to understand the relations between the refugee crisis and peace in order to find ways of mitigating the sufferings and traumas of refugees worldwide. The paper argues that the ongoing global refugee crisis has assumed a formidable challenge to peace in the world that needs an urgent attention from the global community before it gets too late. It strives to remind the global community about the need for repatriation of growing number of refugees in the world.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126356124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN) in Bangladesh: The Need for Repatriation to Myanmar","authors":"Masud Parvez, Chowdhury","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.004","url":null,"abstract":"Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN) have been created by the Myanmar army to leave their motherland. Due to inhuman torture by the Myanmar army, the FDMN had no other way but to leave their land. These FDMN took shelter in the neighboring countries, especially in Bangladesh. Bangladesh government established an extraordinary example of humanity providing shelter to the FDMN. But the temporary shelter should not be a permanent solution for the FDMN. Bangladesh is not their motherland, rather it is Myanmar and they are eager to go back to their motherland with honor and dignity. Bangladesh is trying its best to provide safety and security to the FDMN. But how long? Global actors had witnessed the brutality of the Myanmar army with the FDMN. This is high time for all stakeholders to come forward and find sustainable solutions for dignified repatriation of the FDMN to their motherland, Myanmar.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132024711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Cooperation and Infrastructure Development in Bangladesh: An Analysis of Financial and Technical Support System","authors":"Mesbahuddin Chowdhury","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study plays an important role by providing information about the actual scenario of infrastructural development of Bangladesh after taking foreign assistance from different foreign aid partners. Because of Bangladesh’s precarious economic conditions, our major foreign aid partners have provided the country with a substantial amount of public foreign assistance. This paper displays how Bangladesh depends on foreign aid to boost its economy by investing in different infrastructural mega projects. It also discusses the aid scenario of the country that has been changing not only in terms of sources and volume of aid but also in terms of sectoral allocation and utilization. This paper focuses on three points. First, the paper demonstrates the trends of foreign aid flows to Bangladesh since its independence. Second, it emphasizes national foreign policy to get incessant foreign assistance in terms of grants and loans to continue different development projects and to analyze the aid strategy of different aid partners. And third, to find out the major problems faced by foreign partners and plausible reformation made by the Bangladesh government to overcome these impediments.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117336240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Multilateralism to Minilateralism: Connecting South Asia with Southeast Asia through Bangladesh","authors":"Syed Raiyan Amir","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.005","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a key participant in a number of inter-and intra-regional connectivity initiatives, including the Trans-Asian Railway and Asian Highway, due to its geographic location. Bangladesh is presently at the center of the main regional and sub-regional frameworks because it was a founding member of the two regional cooperation processes in the sub-region—SAARC and BIMSTEC. Since this is the case, regional connectivity is crucial to Bangladesh’s foreign policy. Beyond the bigger regional institutions, Bangladesh has demonstrated its willingness and adaptability to collaborate with sub-regional entities to further the connectivity goal. Here comes the concept of minilateralism which implies countries act on smaller scales for larger impacts. Bangladesh has likewise implemented a diverse strategy for connectivity over the years, emphasizing both the construction of hard infrastructure and the promotion of soft connectedness through an increase in people-to-people interactions in the area. This overview explores the evolution of Bangladesh’s connection strategy over time while also noting the difficulties and advancements in putting some regional connectivity initiatives, including the land ports and regional inland waterways, into practice. It emphasizes in its conclusion that the minilateral ties between the nations will be crucial to the success of various connectivity initiatives both within and outside of South Asia where all facilitate the bigger concept of multilateralism. This research paper aims to explore the potential of Bangladesh as a catalyst for regional integration in South and Southeast Asia. However, over the last decade, South Asia has experienced a significant shift towards regional integration, but progress has been slow due to some approaches which need time and consensus from many parties. The emergence of sub-regional initiatives like the BBIN is attempting to overcome these challenges where one can notice the significance of minilateralism. This paper will analyze the role Bangladesh has played in promoting regional connectivity and fostering stronger economic and political ties between South and Southeast Asia the paper will provide insights that can inform policy and decision-making in the region, promoting greater economic cooperation and political stability across South and Southeast Asia through connectivity emphasizing the concept of minilateralism.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121174284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People, State and Border: Examining Bangladesh-Myanmar Border Relations","authors":"M. Islam, D. Hossain","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.may23.002","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh has two immediate neighbors, India and Myanmar. Bangladesh shares both land and maritime border with Myanmar. After a long-standing maritime boundary delimitation dispute, Bangladesh and Myanmar resolved the dispute peacefully in 2012. However, Bangladesh-Myanmar land border often becomes a source of tension which often results in the killing of the members of the security forces and the innocent people. It is worthy to note that in September 2022, Myanmar mobilized troops on its border with Bangladesh. In addition, human trafficking, drugs trafficking, and arms trafficking are regular phenomenon in Bangladesh-Myanmar border. After August 2017 violence and torture by the Myanmar armies to the Rohingya people, more than 1.1 million Rohingyas fled Myanmar and took shelter in Bangladesh through Bangladesh-Myanmar border. Despite the existing challenges with severe implications, Bangladesh-Myanmar border issue has remained understudied. Against this backdrop, this article tries to understand border cooperation and challenges between Bangladesh and Myanmar.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128085994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rohingya Crisis in the Context of Sino-Indian Geopolitical Competition in Myanmar","authors":"Rubiat Saimum, Md. Ataur Rahman Talukder","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.005","url":null,"abstract":"The Rohingya people of Myanmar have been trapped in a protracted refugee situation for more than fifty years. Several complicated underlying factors have historically hindered a long-term resolution of the refugee issue. The refugee problem has political, religious, ethnic, and geo-strategic dimensions. This paper focuses on the regional geopolitical aspect of the Rohingya refugee crisis. Drawing upon secondary literature, the paper seeks to analyse the role of India and China in Myanmar. By exploring the nature of Sino-Indian geopolitical competition in Myanmar, the paper has tried to understand the contribution of such competition in the prolongation of the crisis.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133868283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Bangladesh’s Maritime Diplomacy: Strategic Hedging or Peaceful Engagement?","authors":"Samia Zaman","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.002","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime diplomacy has become an instrument for influencing the power concentration of the Bay of Bengal and the greater Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Given the brewing geopolitical significance of the Bay and the IOR, minor littoral powers like Bangladesh have been adjusting their diplomacy practices to tap the full potential of the renewed interests of the regional and extra-regional powers in this area. The contemporary literature identifies Bangladesh’s management of maritime diplomacy as strategic hedging. The paper challenges the idea and demonstrates that the maritime diplomacy practices of Bangladesh fail to meet the criteria essential to equate those with a strategic hedging approach. Rather the paper terms the maritime diplomacy practices of Bangladesh as peaceful engagement borrowing the ideas of an alternative school of thoughts.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130446945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bangladesh in Global Peacekeeping: Military as a Soft Power in Portraying the Country as a Responsible Power","authors":"Manish Jung Pulami","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.001","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is one of the largest contributors of armed forces to the UN peacekeeping operations around the globe. The country has successfully presented itself as a responsible member of the international community by upholding and preserving the values of global peace and international security. Thus, drawing the facts from Bangladesh’s role in global peacekeeping, the study has forwarded the idea of military as a soft power, highlighting the country’s remarkable contribution to peacekeeping missions. It also illustrates the critical role of soft power for any country to rise as a responsible power. The study has pointed out optimistic and overwhelming international and local responses in enhancing the global image, thus, proving peacekeeping missions as a soft power for Bangladesh. The study explains that this has illustrated Bangladesh as a rising responsible power in the international community. It focuses that Bangladesh’s response to a particular conflict issue around the globe has demonstrated that it adheres to normative, idealistic, and moral values of maintaining peace and international security. The study also points out some of the challenges faced by Bangladesh in peacekeeping missions which could hinder its pathway as a responsible power.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114229643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Participation from Bangladesh in UN Peacekeeping Operations: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Daiyan Ibn Hasan","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.006","url":null,"abstract":"In their landmark Resolution 1325 on WPS, the UNDPKO, UN police, UNGA, and UNSC support the implications of women peacekeepers participating in the UN mission. The disparity between the intended and actual implementation of the mandate, the lack of equal opportunity for women, the existence of gender protection norms, and gender stereotypes are just a few of the many factors that contribute to the stagnation in the number of female peacekeepers despite these efforts. These factors also make it difficult for TCCs like Bangladesh to recruit more female peacekeepers for UN peacekeeping operations. Bangladesh, one of the major TCCs, is currently leading the change by recruiting and sending female police, civilian, and peacekeepers to UN missions. Against this backdrop, this article investigates female participation from Bangladesh in UN peacekeeping operations. It also identifies the challenges and opportunities for Bangladeshi female peacekeepers.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131720362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Security in Bangladesh: Concerns and Remedies","authors":"Mian Saiful Islam","doi":"10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55875/jbga.bd.dec22.004","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a densely populated nation where a significant proportion of people live below the poverty line. Yet it has garnered a great deal of international attention over the past decade due to its remarkable achievements in increasing agricultural productivity, achieving food self-sufficiency, and ensuring sustainable food security for its large population. The primary task for the government is to ensure food security. During the past decade, the government has launched free food distribution, food-friendly programs, open market sales, and test alleviation programs as part of its food security program. In addition, projects based on digital technology have been implemented to enhance the monitoring and data management capabilities of the Ministry of Food. As a result, food accessibility and usage have increased. But the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war have generated a food crisis due to a lack of food accessibility, stability, and proper utilization. This study seeks to identify and assess the threats to food security in Bangladesh by identifying the significant challenges and promising areas for future development.","PeriodicalId":119664,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Bangladesh and Global Affairs","volume":"17 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116339292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}