European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology最新文献_第5页

Does maximal neural activation of muscle increase after resistance training? 阻力训练后肌肉的最大神经激活是否增加?

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF00634311

K. Häkkinen, A. Pakarinen, M. Kallinen

引用次数: 1

Maximal oxygen deficit of sprint and middle distance runners 短跑和中长跑运动员的最大耗氧量

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF00361550

H. Olesen, N. Secher

引用次数: 0

Acknowledgement to referees 向裁判员致谢

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF00422859

Acknowledgement to Referees, Acknowledgement to Referees, Maryam Afshari, J. Alfie, Mariana Alves, José Carlos Arévalo Lorido, Ayat Assemov, Smriti Badhwar, P. Bassareo, Nima Baziar, ِAhmed Bendary, Jana Brguljan, R. Bruno, Edmundo Cabrera-Fischer, E. Casiglia, Dinh-Toi Chu, Rosario Cianci, M. Ciccarelli, A. Cicero, Raphael Cunha, Alessandra Cuomo, C. Cuspidi, D. D’Ardes, N. Luca, R. D. Pinto, L. D’elia, A. DeMarzo, G. Dognini, I. Elfaki, Selvia M. Farag, Cristiano Fava, C. Ferri, I. Figliuzzi, F. Fogacci, E. Foroumandi, P. Francia, S. Genovesi, E. Gerdts, F. Gragnano, G. Grassi, R. Hoseini, K. Howe, Guido Iaccarino, Y. Icen, R. Izzo, P. Khashayar, P. Kotruchin, P. Kulshreshtha, C. Letizia, M. Lucijanić, Aida Lydia Damiano Magrì, Hesham Mahmoud, L. Malatino, S. Maldonado-Martín, A. Maloberti, C. Mancusi, A. Mazza, Eduardo Monteiro, Alejandro Morales-Jinez, C. Morisco, M. Muiesan, D. Napalkov, T. Okumura, Stefano Omboni, F. Paneni, S. Perlini, D. Piskorz, F. Pizzolo, Linnea A. Polgreen, R. Pontremoli, V. P

引用次数: 0

Latency to CNS oxygen toxicity in rats as a function of PCO(2) and PO(2). 大鼠CNS氧毒性潜伏期与PCO(2)和PO(2)的关系。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050640

R Arieli, O Ertracht

{"title":"Latency to CNS oxygen toxicity in rats as a function of PCO(2) and PO(2).","authors":"R Arieli, O Ertracht","doi":"10.1007/s004210050640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050640","url":null,"abstract":"Central nervous system (CNS) oxygen toxicity can occur as convulsions and loss of consciousness, without any premonitory symptoms. We have made a quantitative study of the effect of inspired carbon dioxide on sensitivity to oxygen toxicity in the rat. Rats were exposed to four oxygen pressures (PO(2); 456, 507, 608 and 709 kPa) and an inspired partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO(2)) in the range 0-12 kPa until the appearance of the electroencephalograph first electrical discharge (FED) that precedes the clinical convulsions. Exposures were conducted at a thermoneutral temperature of 27 degrees C. Latency to the FED decreased linearly with the increase in PCO(2) at all four PO(2) values studied. This decrease, which is probably related to the cerebral vasodilatory effect of carbon dioxide, reached a minimal value that remained constant on further elevation of PCO(2). The slopes (absolute value) and intercepts of latency to the FED as a function of carbon dioxide decreased with the increase in PO(2). This log-linear relationship made possible the derivation of equations that describe latency to the FED as a function of both PO(2) and PCO(2) in the PCO(2) - dependent range: Latency (min) = e((5.19-0.0040)(P)(O(2)))-e((2.77-0.0034)(P)(O(2))) x PCO(2) (kPa), and in the PCO(2)-independent range: Latency(min) = e((2.44-0. 0009)(P)(O(2))). A PCO(2) as low as 1 kPa significantly reduced the latency to the FED. It is suggested that in closed-circuit oxygen diving, any accumulation of carbon dioxide should be avoided in order to minimize the risk of CNS oxygen toxicity.","PeriodicalId":11936,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004210050640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21403204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Energetics of kayaking at submaximal and maximal speeds. 皮划艇在次最大和最大速度下的能量学。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050632

P Zamparo, C Capelli, G Guerrini

{"title":"Energetics of kayaking at submaximal and maximal speeds.","authors":"P Zamparo, C Capelli, G Guerrini","doi":"10.1007/s004210050632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050632","url":null,"abstract":"The energy cost of kayaking per unit distance (C(k), kJ x m(-1)) was assessed in eight middle- to high-class athletes (three males and five females; 45-76 kg body mass; 1.50-1.88 m height; 15-32 years of age) at submaximal and maximal speeds. At submaximal speeds, C(k) was measured by dividing the steady-state oxygen consumption (VO(2), l x s(-1)) by the speed (v, m x s(-1)), assuming an energy equivalent of 20.9 kJ x l O(-1)(2). At maximal speeds, C(k) was calculated from the ratio of the total metabolic energy expenditure (E, kJ) to the distance (d, m). E was assumed to be the sum of three terms, as originally proposed by Wilkie (1980): E = AnS + alphaVO(2max) x t-alphaVO(2max) x tau(1-e(-t x tau(-1))), were alpha is the energy equivalent of O(2) (20.9 kJ x l O(2)(-1)), tau is the time constant with which VO(2max) is attained at the onset of exercise at the muscular level, AnS is the amount of energy derived from anaerobic energy utilization, t is the performance time, and VO(2max) is the net maximal VO(2). Individual VO(2max) was obtained from the VO(2) measured during the last minute of the 1000-m or 2000-m maximal run. The average metabolic power output (E, kW) amounted to 141% and 102% of the individual maximal aerobic power (VO(2max)) from the shortest (250 m) to the longest (2000 m) distance, respectively. The average (SD) power provided by oxidative processes increased with the distance covered [from 0.64 (0.14) kW at 250 m to 1.02 (0.31) kW at 2000 m], whereas that provided by anaerobic sources showed the opposite trend. The net C(k) was a continuous power function of the speed over the entire range of velocities from 2.88 to 4.45 m x s(-1): C(k) = 0.02 x v(2.26) (r = 0.937, n = 32).","PeriodicalId":11936,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004210050632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21402337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64

Reply to the letter by morton 在中午之前回复这封信

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050643

Bell, Jacobs, Zamecnik

引用次数: 0

Effects of caffeine, ephedrine and their combination on time to exhaustion during high-intensity exercise. 咖啡因、麻黄碱及其组合对高强度运动中疲劳时间的影响。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050642

R H Morton

引用次数: 84

EMG power spectra of trunk muscles during graded maximal voluntary isometric contraction in flexion-rotation and extension-rotation. 躯干肌肉在弯曲-旋转和伸展-旋转中梯度最大自主等距收缩时的肌电能谱。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050631

S Kumar, M Zedka, Y Narayan

{"title":"EMG power spectra of trunk muscles during graded maximal voluntary isometric contraction in flexion-rotation and extension-rotation.","authors":"S Kumar, M Zedka, Y Narayan","doi":"10.1007/s004210050631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050631","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the electromyographic (EMG) power spectral characteristics of seven trunk muscles bilaterally during two complex isometric activities extension-rotation and flexion-rotation, in both genders to describe the frequency-domain parameters. Eighteen normal young subjects volunteered for the study. The subjects performed steadily increasing isometric extension-rotation and flexion-rotation contractions in a standard trunk posture (40 degrees flexed and 40 degrees rotated to the right). A surface EMG was recorded from the external and internal oblique, rectus abdominis, pectoralis, latissimus dorsi, and erector spinae muscles at the 10th thoracic and the 3rd lumbar vertebral levels, at 1 kHz and 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The median frequency (MF), mean power frequency (MPF), frequency spread and peak power were obtained from fast Fourier transform analysis. The MF and MPF for both extension-rotation and flexion-rotation increased with the grade of contraction for both males and females. The EMG spectra in flexion-rotation were different from those of extension-rotation (P < 0.001). The left external and right internal oblique muscles played the role of antagonists in trunk extension-rotation. There was an increase in the MF of the trunk muscles with increasing magnitude of contraction. Frequency-domain parameters for both the male and female subjects were significantly different (P < 0.001).","PeriodicalId":11936,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004210050631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21404156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Comparison of cardiopulmonary responses to two types of dry-land upper-body exercise testing modes in competitive swimmers. 竞技游泳运动员两种旱地上肢运动测试方式心肺反应的比较。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050638

I L Swaine, E M Winter

{"title":"Comparison of cardiopulmonary responses to two types of dry-land upper-body exercise testing modes in competitive swimmers.","authors":"I L Swaine, E M Winter","doi":"10.1007/s004210050638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050638","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we compared cardiopulmonary responses to upper-body exercise in 12 swimmers, using simulation of the front-crawl arm-pulling action on a computer-interfaced isokinetic swim bench and arm cranking on a modified cycle ergometer. Subjects adopted a prone posture; exercise was initially set at 20 W and subsequently increased by 10 W. min(-1). The tests were performed in a randomised order at the same time of day, within 72 h. The highest (peak) oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)), heart rate (HR(peak)), blood lactate ([la(-)](peak)) and exercise intensity (EI(peak)) were recorded at exhaustion. Mean (SEM) peak responses to simulated swimming were higher than those to arm cranking for VO(2peak) [2.9 (0.2) vs 2.4 (0.1) l x min(-1); P = 0.01], HR(peak) [174 (2) vs 161 (2) beats x min(-1); P = 0.03], and EI(peak) [122 (6) vs 102 (5) W; P = 0.02]. However, there were no significant differences in [la(-)](peak) [9.6 (0.6) vs 8.2 (0.6) mmol x l(-1); P = 0.08]. Thus simulated swimming is the preferred form of dry-land ergometry for the assessment of swimmers.","PeriodicalId":11936,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004210050638","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21404150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Cycling efficiency and pedalling frequency in road cyclists. 公路骑行者的骑行效率与蹬车频率。

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050634

J Chavarren, J A Calbet

{"title":"Cycling efficiency and pedalling frequency in road cyclists.","authors":"J Chavarren, J A Calbet","doi":"10.1007/s004210050634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210050634","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of pedalling rate on cycling efficiency in road cyclists. Seven competitive road cyclists participated in the study. Four separate experimental sessions were used to determine oxygen uptake (VO(2)) and carbon dioxide output (VCO(2)) at six exercise intensities that elicited a VO(2) equivalent to 54, 63, 73, 80, 87 and 93% of maximum VO(2) (VO(2max)). Exercise intensities were administered in random order, separated by rest periods of 3-5 min; four pedalling frequencies (60, 80, 100 and 120 rpm) were randomly tested per intensity. The oxygen cost of cycling was always lower when the exercise was performed at 60 rpm. At each exercise intensity, VO(2) showed a parabolic dependence on pedalling rate (r = 0.99-1, all P < 0.01) with a curvature that flattened as intensity increased. Likewise, the relationship between power output and gross efficiency (GE) was also best fitted to a parabola (r = 0.94-1, all P < 0.05). Regardless of pedalling rate, GE improved with increasing exercise intensity (P < 0.001). Conversely, GE worsened with pedalling rate (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the effect of pedalling cadence on GE decreased as a linear function of power output (r = 0.98, n = 6, P < 0.001). Similar delta efficiency (DE) values were obtained regardless of pedalling rate [21.5 (0.8), 22.3 (1.2), 22.6 (0.6) and 23.9 (1.0)%, for the 60, 80, 100 and 120 rpm, mean (SEM) respectively]. However, in contrast to GE, DE increased as a linear function of pedalling rate (r = 0.98, P < 0.05). The rate at which pulmonary ventilation increased was accentuated for the highest pedalling rate (P < 0.05), even after accounting for differences in exercise intensity and VO(2) (P < 0.05). Pedalling rate per se did not have any influence on heart rate which, in turn, increased linearly with VO(2). These results may help us to understand why competitive cyclists often pedal at cadences of 90-105 rpm to sustain a high power output during prolonged exercise.","PeriodicalId":11936,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004210050634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21402651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 208