European Journal of Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Fasting and postprandial oxytocin and incretin dynamics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy controls.","authors":"Irmak Gunesli, Elif Ulug, Aylin Acikgoz Pinar, Oytun Portakal, Bulent O Yildiz","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the dynamics of oxytocin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in response to a mixed meal test (MMT) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to assess their associations with hunger, satiety, and food craving.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six women with PCOS (mean age: 21.6 ± 2.6 years; body mass index [BMI]: 25.5 ± 4.6 kg/m²) and 36 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls were enrolled. All participants underwent an MMT during the early follicular phase with blood samples collected at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min. Hunger, satiety, and food craving were assessed via visual analog scale and Food Craving Questionnaire (FCQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome group showed lower baseline oxytocin levels than controls (1294 ± 93 vs 1580 ± 83 pg/mL, respectively; P = .024). In response to a mixed meal, oxytocin declined within 30 min in controls but remained unchanged in the PCOS group. Both baseline and area under the curve values for GLP-1 and GIP were reduced in the PCOS group (P < .001, P = .022; and P < .001, P = .033, respectively). Oxytocin and GLP-1 levels were significantly correlated at all time points. In controls only, early oxytocin changes correlated negatively with hunger and positively with satiety. Food Craving Questionnaire scores were higher in PCOS (P < .001), indicating increased food craving.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with PCOS show lower fasting oxytocin and incretin levels and impaired postprandial responses. The correlation between oxytocin and GLP-1 indicates a potentially shared pathway in appetite regulation, which may be altered in PCOS and warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"255-261"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author reply to comments by Wang et al. regarding \"Musculoskeletal disease in acromegaly-a population-based registry study\".","authors":"Christian Rosendal, Jakob Dal","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf162","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"L9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraprotein-induced spurious hypercalcaemia: diagnostic pitfalls in two cases.","authors":"Nathan Lorde, Guy Pratt, Tarekegn Geberhiwot, John Ayuk, Neil Gittoes","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf151","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief report describes 2 cases in which paraprotein caused spurious biochemistry results. In both cases standard laboratory measurements of calcium indicated the patients were hypercalcaemic and had significantly raised Vitamin D concentrations in serum. However, use of alternative measurements of calcium and vitamin D showed that these results were spurious. Clinicians looking after patients with significant paraprotein concentrations or other significant protein abnormalities should be aware of the possibility of assay interference when reviewing their biochemistry results. This awareness can be vital in avoiding unnecessary investigations or treatments, thus not only saving resources but also protecting patients from harm that may be caused by inappropriate therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"K1-K4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of hypothyroidism in girls with Turner syndrome in Korea on the basis of real-world evidence from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.","authors":"Hong Kyu Park, Young Suk Shim, Hae Sang Lee","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejendo/lvaf150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hypothyroidism is the most commonly observed autoimmune disorder in individuals with Turner syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of hypothyroidism in patients with Turner syndrome by comparing its incidence in this patient population to that in the general population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, patients in South Korea were followed for 10 years, and claims data from the National Health Insurance Service database were collected between 2007 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The incidence of hypothyroidism among patients with Turner syndrome and in the general population under 65 years of age was determined. Turner syndrome was identified by at least 2 diagnosis codes, and hypothyroidism was defined by the prescription of thyroid hormone analogs lasting 180 days or more, accompanied by a hypothyroidism diagnosis code. Subscribers who had records related to medical conditions that required thyroid hormone replacement were excluded from the cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 2973 patients with Turner syndrome and 21 239 127 females. Hypothyroidism developed in 11.4% of the patients with Turner syndrome and in 2.9% of the general population. The incidence rates per 10 000 person-years among patients with Turner syndrome were 86.9 (95% CI, 64.5-114.6), 101.0 (95% CI, 82.2-122.9), 139.6 (95% CI, 113.3-170.1), and 139.4 (95% CI, 112.1-171.3) in the groups aged 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, and 30-65 years, respectively, and those in the general population were 1.7 (95% CI, 1.6-1.7), 5.0 (95% CI, 5.0-5.1), 29.7 (95% CI, 29.5-29.9), and 39.1 (95% CI, 39.0-39.2), respectively. The risk of hypothyroidism in patients with Turner syndrome was approximately 45 times greater than that in the general population before 10 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regular thyroid function testing and antibody screening should be initiated early in life to facilitate the early detection of hypothyroidism in patients with Turner syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"193 2","pages":"232-239"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of old and current immunoassays on the 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test: comparison with LC-MS/MS.","authors":"Laura Rotolo, Greta Galante, Kimberly Coscia, Valentina Bissi, Lorenzo Tucci, Marco Mezzullo, Alessandra Gambineri, Valentina Vicennati, Guido Zavatta, Uberto Pagotto, Guido Di Dalmazi, Flaminia Fanelli","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The influence of immunoassay performance in hypercortisolism and dexamethasone suppression test (DST) settings was scarcely investigated. We evaluated the effectiveness of 2 immunoassays in detecting hypercortisolism compared to recommended liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and compared immunoassay analytical performance in basal and post-DST conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured cortisol in post-DST sera of patients with suspected hypercortisolism or adrenal incidentalomas by Elecsys gen I (n = 260), and by Access (n = 217). All samples were also measured by a validated LC-MS/MS method. We estimated hypercortisolism rate according to the established 50 nmol/L cutoff, and generated immunoassay-specific cutoffs providing >95% sensitivity and >80% specificity. Finally, we compared cortisol measurements in basal and post-DST samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the 50 nmol/L cutoff, both immunoassays detected lower rates of hypercortisolism compared with LC-MS/MS, particularly in patients with adrenal adenomas (P < .050). Elecsys gen I and Access determined 6.9% and 6.4% possible false negatives, respectively. Elecsys gen I also caused 3.8% possible false positives. Optimal cutoff was 41 nmol/L for Elecsys gen I (sensitivity: 97.7%; specificity: 80.8%), and 33 nmol/L for Access (sensitivity: 97.5%; specificity: 78.3%). In basal and post-DST samples, Elecsys gen I overestimated by 32.5% and 6.1%, whereas Access underestimated by -4.7% and -5.9% compared to LC-MS/MS cortisol measurements, respectively. Sex differences in method deviations were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both immunoassays demonstrated remarkable underdetection of hypercortisolism, suggesting the application of a method-specific cutoff. Immunoassay performance may not be uniform in basal and post-DST conditions and should be purposely examined. Accurate LC-MS/MS methods should be preferred in hypercortisolism settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Consensus on the Primary Aldosteronism Severity Classification and its strategic application in indicating adrenal venous sampling.","authors":"Masanori Murakami, Mitsuhide Naruse, Hiroki Kobayashi, Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino, Fabio Bioletto, Denise Brüdgam, Isabel Stüfchen, Martin Reincke, Matthieu St-Jean, Ivana Kraljevic, Darko Kastelan, Pasi I Nevalainen, Marta Araujo-Castro, Norlela Sukor, Michiel F Nijhoff, Joanna Matrozova, Oskar Ragnarsson, Zulfiya Shafigullina, Niina Matikainen, Athina Markou, George Piaditis, Shoichiro Izawa, Takuyuki Katabami, Takamasa Ichijo, Akiyo Tanabe, Mika Tsuiki, Miki Kakutani, Norio Wada, Seizaburo Masuda, Alessandra Violet Bacca, Felix Beuschlein, Giuseppe Maiolino, Henrik Falhammar, Marianne A Grytaas, Kristian Løvås, Madson Q Almeida, Raluca Maria Furnica, Troy Puar, Piotr Kmieć, Stefano Masi, Isabelle Bourdeau, Laurence Amar, Michael Conall Dennedy, Francesco Fallo, Jaap Deinum, Sam O'Toole, Tetsuya Yamada, Marcus Quinkler, André Lacroix, Tomaz Kocjan","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Severity classifications are essential for many diseases to prioritize patient management tasks such as diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Primary aldosteronism (PA), a common cause of secondary hypertension, lacks a standardized severity scale despite generally requiring invasive diagnostics like adrenal venous sampling (AVS). This study aimed to develop a global expert consensus-based classification for PA severity to improve clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel of 45 international experts from 40 centers across four continents used the Delphi method to create a consensus severity classification for PA. This classification was then applied retrospectively to 2593 PA patients from 26 centers to assess its association with the disease subtype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After four rounds, the Primary Aldosteronism Severity Classification (PASC), which integrates biochemical and clinical parameters including serum potassium, blood pressure, and basal plasma aldosterone concentration, was established. Primary Aldosteronism Severity Classification classifies PA into mild (3 and 4 points), moderate (5-7 points), and severe (8 and 9 points). Among the cohort from 26 centers, 13.9%, 63.0%, and 23.1% were classified as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively, aligning with lateralized subtype prevalence rates of 14.7%, 44.6%, and 72.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary Aldosteronism Severity Classification is a newly developed simplified, semi-quantitative classification of PA severity. The correlation between PASC and lateralized PA subtype supports its potential to provide graded recommendations of AVS prior to surgical indication in each patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitotane treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma induces tumoural secretion of GDF-15: impact on poor prognosis and impaired responsiveness to immunotherapy.","authors":"Isabel Weigand, Alexandra S Triebig, Tanja Maier, Tanja Anderlik, Hanna Remde, Laura-Sophie Landwehr, Otilia Kimpel, Miriam Reuter, Jochen Schreiner, Florian Wedekink, Oliver Scherf-Clavel, Eva Hoster, Kai C Wollert, Ilka Budde, Barbara Altieri, Paul Schwarzlmueller, Martin Reincke, Jörg Wischhusen, Martin Fassnacht, Matthias Kroiss","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf135","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Treatment options for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), where mitotane remains a mainstay of therapy, are unsatisfactory. Response rates of ACC to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) are disappointing, and immune cells are scarce in ACC. Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a cytokine impairing tumoural immune infiltration. We here aimed to assess the value of serum GDF-15 for the prognosis of ACC and as a predictor of response to ICI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GDF-15 was measured in serum samples of 151 patients and correlated with clinical data. Serum GDF-15 was analysed in a second cohort of 46 ACC patients who received ICI, including 14 responders. mRNA expression of GDF15 and genes related to immune response was quantified in 58 ACC tumour samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found GDF-15 induction in ACC cells and patients upon mitotane treatment. In ACC patients, serum GDF-15 concentration below the median was associated with significantly longer patient survival. GDF-15 levels in responders to ICI were significantly lower than in non-responders (P = .0379), and patients with low GDF-15 levels had a significant longer progression-free survival than patients with higher GDF-15 serum levels (P = .036). Expression of pro-inflammatory immune-related genes was lower in ACC tissue with GDF-15 expression above the median.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mitotane increases GDF-15 levels and is associated with poor response to ICI. GDF-15 may mediate reduced infiltration with immune cells in ACC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase 1 study and population PK/PD modeling of long-acting growth hormone, GB08, to guide pediatric dosing.","authors":"Hengxin Peng, Wei Shang, Yanqing Lin, Jiajun Xu, Jiang Zhu, Wen He, Suofu Qin","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) requires long-term treatment, but daily injections and adverse effects of current therapies often pose adherence challenges in children. GB08, a novel Fc-GH, leverages the extended half-life of Fc-fusion proteins to reduce injection frequency with potential for improved safety. This study evaluates the safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics profiles of GB08 in healthy adults. The findings, along with population PK/PD modeling, will guide dosing strategies for a Phase 2 trial in pediatric GHD patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study consisted of 2 parts: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled single ascending dose trial and a randomized, open-label, parallel-group positive control trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects received a single dose of GB08 (0.16-2.4 mg/kg), 0.2 mg/kg of Jintrolong, or 7 daily doses of Norditropin (0.035 mg/kg/day). Evaluations included adverse events (AEs), immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GB08 demonstrated a favorable safety profile with low immunogenicity, no serious AEs reported, and all AEs were mild to moderate. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics revealed dose-dependent increases, with GB08's half-life ranging from 81.7 to 110.0 h, supporting its potential for once-weekly injection. PK/PD modeling identified an optimal adult dose of 0.7 mg/kg. Further allometric scaling of adult PK data to develop a pediatric PK model suggested optimal pediatric dose of 0.8 mg/kg, balancing efficacy and safety profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GB08 provides notable advantages over traditional therapies, like short-acting GH, by enhancing treatment adherence and offering a potentially safer alternative. The findings from this study will guide dosing strategies for Phase 2 trial in children with GHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"117-128"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated with hydrocortisone modified-release hard capsules.","authors":"Wiebke Arlt, Aude Brac de la Perrière, Angelica L Hirschberg, Deborah P Merke, John D C Newell-Price, Alessandro Prete, D Aled Rees, Nicole Reisch, Philippe A Touraine, Hanna Bendfeldt, John Porter, Helen Coope, Richard J M Ross","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf130","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydrocortisone modified-release hard capsules (MRHC, development name Chronocort) replace the physiological overnight cortisol rise and improve the biochemical control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of MRHC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an open-label follow-on study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-one patients with classic CAH, mean age 37 years, 68% female, 32% male, entered the study and 22 discontinued. Median treatment duration was 4 years (range 0.2-5.8). Median hydrocortisone dose at study entry was 30 mg/day and reduced to 20 mg/day after 24 weeks and stayed stable thereafter until 48 months (P < .0001). Disease control improved on MRHC for the steroid disease markers serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) (P < .03) and androstenedione (A4) (P < .002). After 4 years, the majority of patients had a 17OHP < 4-fold upper limit of normal (ULN) (71%) and an A4 <ULN (90%). Measurement of 17OHP and A4 at 09:00 h and 13:00 h gave similar results. Of the 37 women < 50 years of age who were not on contraceptives over the whole study period, 5 became pregnant (13.5%). Of the men, 13.8% (4/29) had a partner pregnancy. Seven patients had an adrenal crisis with 1 patient reporting 8 of these giving an incidence of 3.9 crises per 100 patient years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Modified-release hard capsule treatment resulted in hydrocortisone dose reduction followed by a stable dose with improved biochemical control associated with fertility. Biochemical control could be reliably monitored by a single blood sample taken between 09:00 and 13:00 h. The incidence of adrenal crises was below that reported previously in patients with CAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the clinical application of the PANOMEN 3 classification in a large cohort of pituitary tumors.","authors":"Prishila Fookeerah, Winny Varikatt, Meena Shingde, Mark A J Dexter, Sue Lynn Lau, Ann McCormack, Mark McLean","doi":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf122","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejendo/lvaf122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pituitary tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms exhibiting a wide range of clinical and histological features. There are currently no comprehensive clinically validated prognostic tools to guide management of all tumor types before and after surgery. Recently, the PANOMEN 3 classification, incorporating risk factors for disease severity, was proposed as a potential grading system to assess prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility and application of the new PANOMEN 3 classification.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of 215 cases of pituitary tumors surgically resected at Westmead Hospital between 2011 and 2018. All tumors were histologically examined according to the 2022 WHO Classification of pituitary tumors. Preoperative and postoperative PANOMEN 3 grades were assigned, and recurrence analyses performed. Results were compared to the French clinicopathological classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to PANOMEN 3 grade 0, risk of recurrence was highest for grade 3 (HR 10.99; 95% CI 1.14-106.11, P = .038), followed by grade 2 (HR 7.85; 95% CI 1.06-58.31, P = .044), but not significantly different for grade 1. Proportions of tumors needing further intervention was greater with higher PANOMEN 3 grades; interventions occurred earlier in high grade tumors. The French classification remained a significant predictor of recurrence when adjusted for PANOMEN 3 (P < .001), but PANOMEN 3 was not a strong predictor when adjusted for French classification (P = .374).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the postoperative setting, PANOMEN 3 classification is useful in prediction of recurrence and need for further therapy. However, it was a weaker tool for predicting recurrence than the French classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":11884,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}