Environmental Health Insights最新文献

{"title":"Plasticizing Pregnancy: Microplastics Identified in Expectant Mothers' Feces.","authors":"Uswatun Hasanah, Hasnawati Amqam, Ar Ervina Septami, Maisuri Chalid, Ahmad Zaharin Aris","doi":"10.1177/11786302241235810","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241235810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Microplastics may be present in food and drinks from various sources, exposing pregnant women to these particles. Consumption of contaminated food can lead to the ingestion of microplastics by pregnant women, potentially causing adverse health effects on the fetus. This study aims to investigate the presence of microplastics in the stools of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted in the Makassar City region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Thirty healthy pregnant women from 2 community health centers, Pattingalloang and Jumpandang Baru, participated in the study. Their stools were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy to detect the presence of microplastics.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The analysis revealed the presence of a total of 359 microplastics in the participants' stools, with particle counts ranging from 4 to 21 and sizes ranging from 0.2 to 4.9 mm per 25 g of stool. The polymers identified included Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyamide/Nylon, Polyethylene Chlorinated, HDPE, and Ethylene Propylene. The amount of microplastics varied significantly among groups with different levels of seafood consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Indonesian pregnant women have been exposed to some microplastic polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241235810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140109650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Present Public Health Concern: Could the Transmission of the JN.1 Variant of COVID-19 Place Bangladesh at Risk of Transmitting the Disease?","authors":"Anika Tasnim Marlia, Chowdhury Ibnun Nafiz, Irin Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan","doi":"10.1177/11786302241238967","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241238967","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241238967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140109651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Safety Practices Along the Water Service Chain in Addis Ababa: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cosmopolitan City.","authors":"Shegaw Fentaye Sisay, Sirak Robele Gari, Argaw Ambelu","doi":"10.1177/11786302241235006","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241235006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated water safety practices and risk levels along Addis Ababa's water supply service chain. The data came from 23 random woredas, 384 random households, 115 microbiological water quality tests, and diagnostic inspections from source to point of use. Findings from this study indicate that the surface water sources (53%) and the water source catchments (62%) are characterized by very high-risk and high risk contamination levels respectively. Conversely, the water treatment process (5%) and temporary reservoir (20%) indicates a low risk level. Whereas the water distribution system (40%), water source boreholes (44%), and Household level (29%) water safety practices are identified as medium risk levels. The microbial analysis of the drinking water at the source and point of use indicated low (<11 CFU/100 ml) to high levels (>100 CFU/100 ml) of risk with significant levels of contamination at the household level. Moreover, the household-level water safety practice assessment revealed intermediate to very high levels of risks. The Chi² test shows that water supply type is significantly associated with occupation(X2(12,384) = 23.44, <i>P</i> < .05) and education(X2(8,384) = 15.4, <i>P</i> < .05). Multinomial regression analysis also showed better occupation is associated with increased access to safe bottled water compared to safe piped water on premises. It can be concluded that the water safety practice encountered low to very high levels of risk of contamination at different components along the water supply service chain and the household level. This study suggests ways to improve Addis Ababa residents' health and well-being through water safety interventions. These include safeguarding water sources, supporting local safe water businesses, providing household water treatment, and handling options, and addressing the barriers and incentives for adopting safe water practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241235006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140109652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Malaria Vaccination in Africa: Cameroon's Pioneering Effort and the Path Forward.","authors":"Olalekan John Okesanya, Jerico Bautista Ogaya, Emery Manirambona, Chioma Ogochukwu Anorue, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno","doi":"10.1177/11786302241236013","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241236013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241236013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Mapping and Visualization Analysis of One Health Knowledge in the COVID-19 Context.","authors":"Shaher Zyoud","doi":"10.1177/11786302241236017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241236017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the health, social, and economic systems, triggering lasting damage and exposing the complexity of the problem beyond just being a health emergency. This crisis has highlighted the need for a comprehensive and collaborative strategy to successfully counter infectious diseases and other global challenges. With the COVID-19 pandemic pushing One Health to the forefront of global health and sustainable development agendas, this concept has emerged as a potential approach for addressing these challenges. In the context of COVID-19, this study investigates global knowledge about One Health by examining its state, significant contributions, and future directions. It seeks to offer an integrated framework of insights guiding the development of well-informed decisions. A comprehensive search using the Scopus database was conducted, employing specific terms related to One Health and COVID-19. VOSviewer 1.6.19 software was used to generate network visualization maps. Countries' research output was adjusted based on their gross domestic product (GDP) and population size. The study identified a total of 527 publications. The United States led with 134 documents (25.4%), but India topped the adjusted ranking. One Health journal stood as the most common outlet for disseminating knowledge (49 documents; 9.3%), while Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the United States emerged as the most prolific institution (13 documents; 2.5%). Key topics were related to the virus transmission mechanisms, climate change impacts, antimicrobial resistance, ecosystem health, preparedness, collaboration, community engagement, and developing of efficient surveillance systems. The study emphasizes how critical it is to capitalize on the present momentum of COVID-19 to advance One Health concepts. Integrating social and environmental sciences, and a variety of professions for better interaction and collaboration is crucial. Additionally, increased funding for developing countries, and legislative empowerment are vital to advance One Health and boost disease prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241236017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Pathogenicity and Potential Risk Evaluation of Marburg Virus to Cause Mysterious \"Disease X\"-An Update on Recent Evidences.","authors":"Rahima Akter Mitu, Md Rabiul Islam","doi":"10.1177/11786302241235809","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241235809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) defined Disease X as an upcoming disease with the potential to cause a pandemic. Pathogen X is responsible for Disease X. Marburg virus disease (MVD) is one of the diseases from the priority disease list published by WHO. Marburg virus is a filamentous, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the same filovirus family as the lethal Ebola virus. Since the first discovery of this virus in 1967, 17 outbreaks occurred sporadically till 2023. <i>Rousettus aegyptiacus</i> acts as the natural reservoir of the virus. With an average incubation period of 5 to 10 days, its first target is the mononuclear phagocytic system cells. It is highly contagious and can be easily transmitted from animal to human and human to human via direct contact with blood or body fluid, feces, and semen of the infected host. Although Marburg disease has a high case fatality rate of close to 90%, unfortunately, there is no approved vaccines or treatments are available. The most recent outbreak of Marburg virus in Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania in 2023 caused an alert for global health. However, based on the last global pandemic of COVID-19 and the sudden re-emerging of monkeypox around the world, we can assume that the Marburg virus has the potential to cause a global pandemic. Our modern world depends on globalization, which helps the virus transmission among countries. The Marburg virus can easily be transmitted to humans by fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family. This virus causes severe hemorrhagic disease, and there are no specific vaccines and treatments available to combat it. Therefore, community engagement and early supportive care for patients are keys to successfully controlling MVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241235809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10910879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Ensemble Learning-based Environmental Methane Detection and Intensity Prediction Models.","authors":"Reek Majumder, Jacquan Pollard, M Sabbir Salek, David Werth, Gurcan Comert, Adrian Gale, Sakib Mahmud Khan, Samuel Darko, Mashrur Chowdhury","doi":"10.1177/11786302241227307","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241227307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The environmental impacts of global warming driven by methane (CH₄) emissions have catalyzed significant research initiatives in developing novel technologies that enable proactive and rapid detection of CH₄. Several data-driven machine learning (ML) models were tested to determine how well they identified fugitive CH₄ and its related intensity in the affected areas. Various meteorological characteristics, including wind speed, temperature, pressure, relative humidity, water vapor, and heat flux, were included in the simulation. We used the ensemble learning method to determine the best-performing weighted ensemble ML models built upon several weaker lower-layer ML models to (i) detect the presence of CH₄ as a classification problem and (ii) predict the intensity of CH₄ as a regression problem. The classification model performance for CH₄ detection was evaluated using accuracy, F1 score, Matthew's Correlation Coefficient (MCC), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC), with the top-performing model being 97.2%, 0.972, 0.945 and 0.995, respectively. The <i>R</i>² score was used to evaluate the regression model performance for CH₄ intensity prediction, with the <i>R</i>² score of the best-performing model being 0.858. The ML models developed in this study for fugitive CH₄ detection and intensity prediction can be used with fixed environmental sensors deployed on the ground or with sensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for mobile detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241227307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10901066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Abobo Communities in Gambella Regional State, Southwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Tigist Mohammed, Abraham Degarege, Mulugeta Aemero, Abebe Animut, Yohannes Negash, Berhanu Erko","doi":"10.1177/11786302241234731","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241234731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knowledge about community awareness and practices related to a disease, among other things, helps to plan relevant control strategies. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of the community in Abobo district of Gambella Regional State in Southwestern Ethiopia about urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS), which is endemic to the region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. A pretested structured questionnaire was administered. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with KAPs variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most study participants (90.6%) responded they have previously heard of UGS. Over 95% of the participants knew at least 1 symptom of UGS and 30% knew the transmission cycle. About 15.9% and 26.8% knew keeping environmental hygiene and refraining from using cercariae infested water, as preventive methods, respectively. Over half of the participants (50.1%) disagreed or did not know that urinating close to the river/dam water contributes to transmission, and almost all participants had contact with the dam/river water in one way or another. Education status and history of having the infection were the key significant correlates of most KAPs variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of the community members had poor knowledge and attitudes about the mode of transmission and preventive measures of UGS. Thus, besides school-based mass drug administration (MDA), UGS control efforts in the region should incorporate health education in conjunction with safe water supplies, and provision of sanitary facilities to effectively reduce the transmission of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241234731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10898313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WASH Levels and Associated Human Health Risks in War-Prone West African Countries: A Global Indicators Study (2015 to 2021).","authors":"Michael Aboah","doi":"10.1177/11786302241228427","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241228427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) levels have been shown to have impacts on health. However, the knowledge of WASH levels in war-prone West African countries is limited. The study extracted data (2015-2021) from the Joint Monitoring Programme (WHO/UNICEF), World Bank and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) to estimate WASH levels in the study countries. Pearson correlation analysis was used to establish the association among the WASH levels. Results showed that women had better access to safe water (56.39%), good sanitation (59.36%) and good hygiene (60.23%) compared to men. The urban population had better access to safe water (57.60%), good sanitation (61.23%), and good hygiene (65.65%) than the rural population. Among the countries under study, Nigeria had the highest access to safe water (36.10%) and good sanitation (24.41%), while Mali had the highest access to good hygiene (27.93%). Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong positive association between safe water and good hygiene (<i>r</i> = .998), safe water and sanitation (<i>r</i> = .996) and hygiene and sanitation (<i>r</i> = .998) at .00 significant levels. Based on the findings, it is recommended that integrated WASH programmes with combined infrastructure development, behaviour change campaigns and community engagement should be encouraged to ensure peaceful and sustainable access to WASH levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241228427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Pneumonia Outbreak 2023: Is It Reasonable to Be Concerned If the Illness is a Novel Strain of Disease X?","authors":"Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan, Mohammad Safiqul Islam","doi":"10.1177/11786302241233426","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786302241233426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11827,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786302241233426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}