SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Digital Governance: Theory, Policy and Practice","authors":"Divyan Sethuramalingam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3679639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3679639","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of the information age, rising challenges in global governance and data privacy issues has led to the search for a new way to govern a nation that’s transitioning into the digital world. Blockchain technology has been emerging as a disruptive innovation in a wide range of applications, undoubtedly redesigning our perspective of business, politics and society at large. This paper aims to discuss key points of blockchain based decentralized governance and its role in sustainable economic growth of a nation. In particular, The paper will discuss current and past issues in global governance and verify to which extent digital governance can enhance scalability and interoperability in the future. The analysis expansively discusses concepts such as digital identity, central bank digital currency, digital voting system, governance oracles, scalability, interoperability, frameworks and its role in the future of governance.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128748016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Republic of North Macedonian Foreign Policy in the Context of Regional Security Policy in the Balkans","authors":"N. Baranov, P. Smirnov","doi":"10.46763/bssr20150238b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr20150238b","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the foreign policy of the Republic of North Macedonia in the context of a regional Security Complex Formation with a determining role of external actors based on the analysis of the State's foreign policy activities evolution. Regional security complexes are formed by a group of states whose primary security interests are so closely interrelated that their national security cannot be considered in isolation from each other. The processes taking place in the selected states are related to macro-regional development and cannot be considered in isolation from civilizational, confessional and other factors, considering economic and political globalization, new challenges and threats. The events taking place in North Macedonia are closely interlinked with regional processes, within which the state builds its foreign policy aimed at solving domestic political problems, preserving the stability of the political system and the stability of socio-economic development. At the same time, the foreign policy vector of Macedonia is built in accordance with the region-wide context and inextricably linked with ensuring security in the Balkan region. Within the evolution of foreign policy of Republic of North Macedonia five distinct periods can be identified between 1991 to 2020. In each of these periods, the most pressing problems related to the implementation of the main idea of the state's declared foreign policy, integration into the European Union and NATO, were solved. By 2020, these plans had begun to be implemented and together with other countries in the region and the active participation of external actors, North Macedonia is becoming an organic part of the emerging security complex. This complex is characterized by a high degree of interdependence of the region's states. It includes a stable system of regional relationships and interconnections of a structural and spatial nature of various types including political, economic, cultural and historical. Such system allows the region to act as a subsystem towards the international environment.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133350385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The African Continental Free Trade Area in a Decaying Multilateral Trading System: Questioning the Relevance of the Enabling Clause","authors":"Regis Yann Simo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3501539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3501539","url":null,"abstract":"The signature of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement during the 10th Extraordinary Summit of the African Union (AU) Assembly of Heads of State and Government held on 21 March 2018, in Kigali, Rwanda, marks a decisive turn in African regional economic integration. After speedily securing the minimum threshold of 22 signatures, the Agreement, with the Protocols on Trade in Goods, Services and Dispute Settlement, entered into force on 30 May 2019. While the AfCFTA comes at a very good time for the continent especially by proposing African solutions to African problems, it also happens amidst a backlashed multilateral trading system epitomised by the US-China trade war, the WTO negotiations stalemate and the likely demise of its dispute settlement mechanism, as well as the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU (Brexit).<br> <br>The AfCFTA’s main aim is to create a single continental market for goods and services, with free movement of businesspersons and investments, and thus pave the way for accelerating the establishment of the continental Customs Union. While the establishment of existing regional trade agreements (RTAs) has not always been conditioned on the satisfaction of the WTO rules on the issue, this article examines the regime under which the AfCFTA should be scrutinised. This calls for the dissection of the pertinence and the desirability of the Enabling Clause as opposed to Article XXIV for this scheme composed of developing and least-developed countries. The paper notes the tendency since 1979 to notify intra-African RTAs under the Enabling Clause contrary to earlier practice.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121986097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interest Rate Parity with Credit Risk: Implications for Carry Trades","authors":"Toby Im","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3488456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3488456","url":null,"abstract":"The incredible profitability of the carry trade over the past six decades constitutes a puzzle for interest rate parity. Contrary to recent behavioral or friction-based approaches that explain deviations from traditional interest rate parity, I derive interest rate parity in a general arbitrage pricing model of foreign exchange with credit-risky sovereign lending and sharp currency devaluations associated with default; in particular, foreign sovereign credit risk makes forward contracts more valuable relative to standard covered interest rate parity. I calibrate the model for Mexico and the United States, and find that credit risk and currency devaluation fully account for the profitability of both the covered and uncovered carry trade. Modest default probabilities are sufficient to explain deviations from covered interest rate parity for G10 countries. I find support for the recent notion that the United States is a global provider of safe assets, via default intensities implied by currency forward contracts.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132016192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Sanctions Risk in Conduit Countries","authors":"Owais Zaheer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3635600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3635600","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an analysis of how significant sanctions related risks emanate from conduit countries. We define conduits as jurisdictions with close geographic, trade or political links to a sanctioned country such as Iran, or sanctioned entities and activities, such as the transnational operations of globally active Russian energy firms.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116405789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primer: International Investment Treaties and Investor-State Dispute Settlement","authors":"Columbia University- Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3726026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3726026","url":null,"abstract":"A primer created by the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment discussing international investment treaties and their impacts on investor-state dispute settlements.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126968457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Geoeconomic Order","authors":"Anthea Roberts, Henrique Choer Moraes, Victor A. Ferguson","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3389163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3389163","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments suggest that the international economic order is transitioning away from the Neoliberal Order that has flourished for much of the post-Cold War period toward a new Geoeconomic Order. The shift to this new order, which is characterised by a growing ‘securitisation of economic policy and economisation of strategic policy,’ will likely see the rules, norms and institutions of international trade and investment law undergo significant change. We expose the differences in the underlying logic of these orders, explore how this shift is being driven by the emerging U.S.-China tech/trade war, and consider the consequences of this transition for global economic governance.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Cooperation in International Trade: A Quantitative Analysis","authors":"Y. Mei","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3324911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3324911","url":null,"abstract":"How does the presence of multilateral institutions affect the sustainability of trade-policy cooperation? Do free-trade agreements make multilateral cooperation less sustainable? Will countries be more likely to deviate from negotiated tariffs when more trade liberalization realizes in the future? These questions have been studied in theory literature using models that feature repeated games, but have yet to be quantitatively analyzed. In this paper, I propose a methodology to quantitatively characterize the equilibrium strategies on tariffs of various nations in a widely used repeated-game framework. I then apply this methodology to address these questions from a quantitative perspective. The numerical results computed from a reasonably comprehensive general equilibrium trade model corroborate previous analysis derived theoretically from simpler trade models. However, only free-trade agreements appear to influence the sustainability of trade-policy cooperation with quantitative significance.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123983532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Economic Cooperation in Troubled Times: A Call for Strong Action by the G20 (and Letter to the Editor) (Cooperación económica internacional en tiempos difíciles: un llamado a una acción firme por parte del G20)","authors":"Axel Berger, U. Dadush, A. Freytag, S. Evenett, Christian von Haldenwang, R. Meléndez-Ortiz, Raul Ochoa, Agustin Redonda, Karl P. Sauvant","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3291319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3291319","url":null,"abstract":"English Abstract: This brief blog (and letter to the editor) calls on the G20 to undertake key reforms regarding trade, strengthen cooperation in tax matters and support investment policy reforms. \u0000 \u0000Spanish Abstract: Este breve blog (y carta al director) pide al G20 que se comprometa a emprender reformas fundamentales de comercio, reforzar la cooperacion en cuestiones fiscales y apoyar las reformas de la politica de inversion.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132057279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corporations and Global Standards of Corporate Social Responsibility","authors":"Daniel Kinderman","doi":"10.4337/9781785362538.00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785362538.00032","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides an overview of empirical developments and scholarly debates concerning global corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards. Although global CSR standards are by no means the totality of CSR, they are arguably its most prominent, visible and well-recognized manifestations. These standards include the United Nations (UN) Global Compact, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the Global Reporting Initiative and the Carbon Disclosure Project. Three lessons emerge from this chapter. First, global CSR has grown rapidly and does not appear to have been affected by the global financial crisis. Second, its frameworks are dynamic and constantly evolving. Third, it is a contested and conflictual arena. This chapter provides an overview of: the historical backdrop to global CSR as well as the latter’s dynamic rise; John Ruggie’s role in advancing this agenda; normative and critical political economy explanations for global CSR’s ascendancy; and debates over the effectiveness of global CSR standards, as well as the relationship between global CSR and regulation. The chapter concludes with some reflections on the challenge that resurgent nationalism and authoritarian populism poses for global CSR.","PeriodicalId":118088,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: International Affairs Issues (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130732751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}