WSB Journal of Business and Finance最新文献

{"title":"Decision-Making Of Innovation Pattern During Development Of Innovation Strategy Of Industrial Enterprise In Conditions Of Uncertainty And Risk","authors":"V. Chaplygin, V. N. Moroz","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Developing a suitable innovation strategy is crucial for the success of the enterprise and to increase its competitiveness. However, uncertainty and risk should be taken into account when the innovation strategy is developed. The aim of this work offering practical recommendations for the selection of innovation patterns for developing innovation strategy of an enterprise in conditions of uncertainty and risk by using retrospective analysis of innovation activity. Research objectives: Analysis of the concept of pattern-making of innovations and classification of innovations by patterns; development of method of quantitative measurement of innovation patterns and determination of intervals of values of the indicator of innovativeness, corresponding to each pattern; development of methodology and justification for the algorithm for decision-making on the innovation pattern during the development of innovation strategy on the basis of determination of degree of influence of each pattern on the economic indicators of the enterprise. Results of the work: The methodology of decision-making on the selection of innovation pattern, based on a combination of two decision-making methods: grey relational analysis and TODIM with determination of evaluating criteria weights using method IDOCRIW, is developed. Conclusions: The proposed methodology creates the opportunity to select innovation pattern with the least risk during development of innovation strategy of an enterprise because of the combination of calculation of closeness of each alternative to ideal alternative with pairwise comparison of alternatives taking into account expected losses, related to selection of each alternative. The paper proposes a method for choosing an innovation pattern based on a combination of two decision-making methods, largely presented in the works indexed in Scopus and Web of Science: grey relational analysis and the TODIM method. The presented methods of decision-making are based on the determination of the weights of the evaluation criteria, characterizing the significance of each of them. The weights of the criteria are proposed to be calculated using the IDOCRIW method. This method performs an objective determination of the weights of criteria based on determining the degree of dominance of the values of each criterion with simultaneous assessments of losses for each criterion. The proposed methodology allows for a detailed analysis of innovation patterns acting as evaluated alternatives, taking into account all criteria used in the evaluation and also the losses associated with the choice of each alternative.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127342251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ukraine’s Gradual Westernization - the Eastern Dimension of the European Integration","authors":"Artur Kozłowski, M. Yankiv","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research is aimed at identifying the prospects related to select areas of integration of Ukraine with the countries of the European Union, in the context of their choice of civilisational identity in the 21st century. The identity is understood as a civilisational category, hence it equally refers to spiritual culture (history and related fields) and material culture (first of all: technology and economy). The proper understanding of a dilemma faced by Eastern Europeans requires references to the sources of cultural legacy which shape social emotions significant for that region, in order to outline the prospects for the ongoing processes, with the use of the adequate political analysis. Considering relations between academic activities and practice, the research is of applied character, and its aim is to increase scientific knowledge of European legacy of Ukraine with regard to the processes of European integration. The systemisation of the current knowledge of the process of integration taking place in Eastern Europe is to provide a diagnosis oriented towards identification of a place and an attitude towards the contemporary European integration processes represented by Ukraine. The subject of the research is the process of social and political European integration and the place of Eastern Europe in a system perceived as such. The authors present their attempts at providing an answer to the following question: Do – and to what extent - Ukraine tend to follow the pro-Western orientation in the selected areas of their operations and do this country develop their institutional cooperation with the European Union?","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133403239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between personnel empowerment and social loafing in hotel businesses","authors":"Elbeyi Pelit, Şerif Ahmet Demirdağ","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The human factor plays a very important role, especially in terms of the efficiency of businesses operating in the service sector. Talented, self-confident and therefore empowered employees contribute to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the organizations. At this point, personnel empowerment is an application and a process that has vital importance in terms of the continuity and efficiency of businesses. On the other hand, some organizational problems can endanger the efficiency of the business and the organization. One of the most important of these problems is the tendency of employees to avoid work, that is, to engage in social loafing behaviour. From this point of view, the aim of this research is to determine the relationship between employee empowerment perceptions and perceptions of social loafing behaviour of employees working in hotel businesses. In line with the purpose of the research, data were collected on the employees working in the hotel businesses operating in the province of Istanbul by using the survey technique. In this direction, a total of 391 usable data questionnaires were obtained. According to the results of the analysis of the data obtained, it has been determined that there are negative and moderately significant relationships between personnel empowerment levels and social loafing levels of hotel business employees.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128922325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology Transfer Steps Towards the Commercialization of Research Results for Universities","authors":"M. Boguszewicz-Kreft, A. Arvanitis, K. Karatzas, Gilda Antonelli, B. Simonetti","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Apart from educating students and conducting scientific research, technology transfer (TT) is the third “mission pillar” of modern universities. TT from universities to business as a source of innovations and inventions is, on the one hand, an important factor in socio-economic development, on the other hand, it generates income for universities and, by creating links with market practice, also affects their scientific development and quality of teaching. However, due to its complexity and due to the pluralism and heterogeneity of the approaches involved in TT processes at a country (or even regional) level, participation is a difficult challenge for the academic community. In the article the main factors influencing TT between universities and business are identified and a relevant process emphasizing into the requirements of universities being freshmen in this field is presented. In the frame of the current work a two-fold approach was applied: (a) a literature collection and review were undertaken aiming at identifying TT-related methods, tools, procedures and best practices across universities at an international level and (b) an detailed analysis of the TT-related procedures at the four European universities participating in the study.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134361546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutions, trust and the high level of innovativeness in the Scandinavian countries","authors":"G. Misiura, M. Rozkwitalska","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to show the relationship between the level of the confidence indicator and the innovation of the economies of individual Scandinavian countries in the context of the new institutional economy (NEI). Literature studies and analysis of available results of social research indicate the importance of formal and informal institutions in Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland in making these countries world leaders in innovation.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114972685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informatization of enterprises in the light of transaction costs","authors":"Marcin Szplit, A. Szplit","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The subject of the publication are contracts concluded by enterprises, regarding the implementation and operation of information systems, which support various functional areas. The implementation and operation of IT systems in enterprises is presented as a mechanism of permanent transactions entered in two contracts: the selection and purchase of an IT system, and the operation and service of the system.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational microeconomic management and its non-optimal macroeconomic outcomes: the role of social institutions","authors":"A. Koronowski","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper analyzes possible policy and institutional responses to underconsumption, which is viewed as an effect of a specific market failure. Microeconomic rational decisions to keep labor costs low, resulting in suboptimal macroeconomic outcomes. Traditionally, constraints arising out of deficient demand have been corrected with expansionary fiscal and monetary policies. These methods have ceased to be effective and viable. Alternative measures should be targeted at changing income distribution; low labor income is the reason for underconsumption. Such measures (progressive income tax, stronger labor unions) would probably not gain any acceptance of entrepreneurs, even though, in principle, they should boost business activity. Non-confrontational solutions are beyond the reach of economic policy but an informed democratic debate might lead to a desirable compromise.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123990098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reform of 2007 on regulation of the market of legal services in England and Wales as an institutional experiment","authors":"Michał Masior, Zbigniew Staniek","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents a reform that provides a regulatory framework for the legal services market, implemented as the Legal Services Act of 2007 in England and Wales. The reform was intended to systematise the institutional system of that market, to increase its transparency, to increase the role of competition and to enhance the position taken by customers at the expense of the current legal self-regulatory bodies. The reform involved development of a multi-level management structure for institutions–organisations that supervise or represent lawyers handling various market segments. A new form of functioning was provided to lawyers in order to facilitate acquisition of capital and know-how. A new package of supervisory measures was initiated and applied to operations undertaken by lawyers and their companies. The aim of this case study is an attempt at evaluating the above-mentioned reform and drawing conclusions for model operation of the legal services market. In order to achieve such an aim, the institutional change is described based on the current data about the functioning of regulators, taken from their websites. The article also refers to literature related to regulation of legal professions and the English-Welsh context. The conclusions that have been drawn prove the advisability of its implementation. For the sake of economic and social evaluation of the outcomes of the applied solutions, the dynamics of the rates describing market operation (supply, prices, demand, consumer choice) has been analysed. It has been stated that since the implementation of the reform in 2008, the accessibility of legal assistance has been increased along with the quality of legal services and market competitiveness. However, the authors of the reform have been disappointed with the scarce interest in new forms of development provided to legal companies, innovation for licensed lawyers and further increase in prices of legal services. A demand barrier has been also encountered. Despite all those facts, the value of the legal services market in England and Wales has been increased and export of legal services and the number of licensed lawyers have also grown. Furthermore, the reform has already found its followers in other countries.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121053390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of scientific categories in the field of Economic Sciences Assumptions and results of the parameterisation in 2017","authors":"J. Jaworski, K. Sokołowska","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the article is to identify the main determinants of categories ascribed to scientific research units in the field of Economic Sciences in 2017. In the first part of the article, the legal and substantive basis for the evaluation of such institutions is presented. The second part of the text provides a verification of the evaluation assumptions included in the legal regulations (their advisability and significance). The verification is based on the statistical analysis of the obtained results. There are only two criteria out of four that determine the ascribed scientific categories: the first criterion refers to scientific achievements (publications) and the second one refers to scientific potential (scientific promotion and academic staff mobility). The other criteria - the third one (commercialisation of the research) and the fourth one (impact of the research exerted on economy and its internationalisation) did not affect the comprehensive evaluation in any significant way. The number of registered academic employees was not of any significance either.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131005394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The school institution viewed as an organisation and its environment","authors":"Katarzyna Brzychcy","doi":"10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the fact that they are public institutions and that they seem to have the status quo of their functioning already established, schools are still exposed to various internal and external organisational changes. The article comes as a broad reflection on schools viewed as organisations and their environment, including activities that are undertaken in favour of development of such organisations. First, the article presents an explanation of the essence of an organisation. On the basis of some definitions provided by expert literature, schools are presented as organisations. Some particular attention is focused on the problem related to school environment in its micro- and macro-dimensions; it specifically refers to the establishment and maintenance of organisation–school relations. Theoretic considerations underlie the discussion of the essence of the presented survey and its results. The aim of the survey has been to identify entities that cooperate with contemporary schools and the environment in which such cooperation takes place and also to indicate the consequences that result from the interpretation of schools as organisations and their relations with the environment, viewed from the perspective of resources. The material for the research survey has been collected with the methods involving questionnaire forms and interviews. The results of the research come as a part of a more extensive research process.","PeriodicalId":117870,"journal":{"name":"WSB Journal of Business and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121741033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}