{"title":"Modeling and analyzing the influence of blade shape on rice canopy structure","authors":"D. Li, Z. Zhan, Junmin Wang, Liyong Cao","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524839","url":null,"abstract":"Because the outlook of modern rice cultivars towards ideotype are very similar, it is necessary to develop tools to distinguish their structures and consequences on plant functioning. In this study, leaf shapes and sizes were observed, measured and analyzed for ten rice cultivars among the most productive in Zhejiang province, China. The blade shapes were found quiet consistent in terms of normalized width vs. length profile although the blade sizes varied among cultivars. The three dimensional structure models were constructed based on several “Ideotype” specifications and the real data of blade sizes. The vertical profiles of leaf area according to plant height were calculated, on which there were two peaks and one valley for all the cultivars. The normalized profile curves were found stable among all the cultivars. In future, we will be able to quantify the influence of the blade shapes on rice functioning, after simulating canopy light interception and potential photosynthesis based on the structural models.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of optimal rooting strategies: What's the best way to find a wet crack?","authors":"M. Renton, P. Poot, J. Evers","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524852","url":null,"abstract":"Plants evolve ecological strategies to optimally exploit the limited resources available in their environment, such as water. This involves accounting for temporal and spatial patterns in the availability of the resource. Simulation modelling can be used to explore how the optimality of different strategies depends on these patterns, thus giving insight into why different species of plants employ different strategies depending on their local environment, and how these strategies are optimized for the resource availability patterns of their particular environment. This paper describes a computational model that simulates a variety of plant rooting strategies. We first describe some motivating case studies based on plants searching for relativity rare wet cracks in otherwise impermeable rock layers, and how these studies raise some important ecological questions. We then explain how the model has been constructed to be able to represent a wide range of relevant rooting strategies; give some example outputs to illustrate the capabilities of the model; and discuss how the model has been linked with computational optimization algorithms to identify how optimal ecological strategies vary with patterns of resource availability.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125763880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing virtual natural scenes using quick and dirty image based recipes","authors":"M. Jaeger","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524829","url":null,"abstract":"Computer generated scenes are getting popular in the scientific communities concerned by plant, crop and forest structural and functional modeling. We show that realistic images can be produced from scientific visualizations at low costs, with post-processing functions applied to output images with or without their associated depth maps. We illustrate the use of empirical quick and dirty image based functions to mimic weather conditions and photographic effects. 2D particle systems, depth gradient processes, image with depth maps composing, allow to mimic rain, snow deposit and depth of field effects. Giving moreover a viewing matrix, on restrictive hypothesis related to the view and the illumination, images can be added sky-domes, fake reflections among other process. Compared to existing tools (often complex), the application of these experimental recipes shows fast dedicated parametrization, easy to handle and apply, covering a wide range of applications from single plant to landscape levels, including small forest stands, at various seasons and day times.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133440416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operator splitting for solving C-Root, a minimalist and continuous model of root system growth","authors":"E. Tillier, A. Bonneu","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524863","url":null,"abstract":"Root systems are complex structures and it is still a great challenge to model them. There are different types of plant growth models. At one extreme, architecturals models, and at another extreme, density based models. Modeling root system growth with continuous equations is attractive for at least two reasons. First, since the development of roots is defined independently of the number of roots, such models can be used to work at field scale. Secondly, continuous models are formulated with partial differential equations (PDE) and thus are good candidates for coupling with other models like nutrient models or soil models which are of the same nature. Considering this type of applications, it obviously implies that coefficients of the PDE equations are functions of space and time. Thus appropriate numerical schemes should be used to solve and calibrate the models. These schemes has to be stable, accurate and efficient. Bonneu et al ([4]) introduces a continuous and minimalist model, named C-Root, for modeling the root system growth. In this paper, we focus on this model to study different operator splitting approaches for solving it. Some numerical results obtained, for a one-dimensional case, with data about eucalyptus roots are given.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128847593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capturing hormonal and light interactions in a simulation model of shoot branching","authors":"J. Evers, A. R. V. D. Krol","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524820","url":null,"abstract":"Shoot branching, i.e. axillary bud break and subsequent branch outgrowth, is a key determinant of overall aboveground plant form. During plant development, the number of branches formed strongly influences the amount of light absorbed by the plant, and thus the plant's competitive strength in terms of light capture in relation to neighbouring plants. Shoot branching is regulated by genetic and physiological factors such as hormones and assimilates. In turn, these internal factors are modulated by environmental signals such as light intensity, light spectral composition and nutrients. The internal and environmental factors are part of a complex feedback system that operates at several levels of biological organization. Here, we present a modelling approach that captures the interactions between hormones and light in the case of shoot branching. We simulated Arabidopsis individually and in a plot at different ratios of ambient red and far-red light (R:FR). A low R:FR resulted in low branching. The individual plants experienced slightly higher R:FR values and produced more branches as a result, depending on ambient R:FR. The model serves a useful scientific tool to integrate knowledge and to improve experimental approaches on shoot branching.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133924696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rule-based integration of GreenLab into GroIMP with GUI aided parameter input","authors":"K. Smolenová, M. Henke, W. Kurth","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524856","url":null,"abstract":"GreenLab is a functional-structural plant model that has already been applied to a number of various plant species. Plant organogenesis is described by the dual-scale automaton formalism and growth is driven by source-sink relations between plant organs. The paper presents how the formalism of GreenLab and the growth process can be translated into the rule-based language XL. Currently essential parts of the deterministic and stochastic version of the GreenLab model are included. To provide a user-friendly way for parameter input, an additional graphical user interface was developed as part of the modelling platform GroIMP. Furthermore, the features provided by GroIMP can now be coupled with GreenLab, e.g., the integrated radiation model, based on Monte Carlo ray tracing, for computing the light distribution in the canopy.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133778752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulated crop productivity on different soils in Canada","authors":"B. Qian, Ted Huffman, R. Jong","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524851","url":null,"abstract":"Crop productivity on different soils across the Canadian Prairies was studied based on average yield of spring wheat simulated by the Cropping System Model in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). The simulations were conducted with estimated seeding dates, and both recommended nitrogen fertilizer application rates and unlimited nitrogen, for a comparison. The simulated yields represent the effect of soils on wheat productivity fairly well, although actual production might be different as local crop management practices, such as crop cultivars, fertilizer application rates and summerfallowing could have critical effects on final yields. Simulated yields with recommended and unlimited nitrogen fertilizer showed a very good relation, implying that the relative productivity on most soils was determined more by soil properties than nitrogen fertilizer application. The results also indicate that crop yield might be improved on most soils with higher nitrogen fertilizer application rates.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133506135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mathematical analysis of vector-borne diseases on plants","authors":"R. Anguelov, J. Lubuma, Y. Dumont","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524808","url":null,"abstract":"Many models of vector borne infectious diseases have been constructed and analyzed mathematically. The host populations in such models are typically animals. This work deals with the specific case of a plant host population taking into consideration the particular properties of plants. The main epidemiological issues of transmission, persistency, thresholds, interventions, etc., are all considered in this setting and discussed on a representative set of two models - one epidemic and one endemic. The main properties of the models are formulated as theorems and illustrated via computer simulations. In particular, we provide some threshold parameters that summarize the dynamics of the system and help to choose appropriate and efficient control tools or strategies for crop protection. The full proofs of the theorems are omitted but their main ideas are discussed in some detail.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114711289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crop systems biology as an avenue to bridge applied crop science and fundamental plant biology","authors":"Xinyou Yin, P. Struik","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524806","url":null,"abstract":"Plant biologists, agronomists and breeders alike have been constantly facing challenges in narrowing genotype-phenotype gaps. Plant systems biology, as first recognized, seems to target those phenotypes at molecular, sub-cellular, or cellular levels. To emphasize the importance of bridging this gap for understanding and directionally modifying phenotypes relevant to the real-world challenges for agriculture, the concept `crop systems biology' seems more appropriate. This new concept acknowledges the complementarity of the roles of modern plant biology, traditional crop physiology and advanced crop modelling in improving yield and resource use efficiencies of major crops. As a first step, biochemical modules of photosynthesis and molecular marker-based quantitative trait locus information were incorporated into existing crop models. These case studies underline that current modelling shows promise in studying complex crop traits. For further progress, crop models should be upgraded based on understandings of complicated phenomena at lower organizational levels. We expect that this crop systems biology approach will ultimately be instrumental in realizing the expected roles of in silico modelling in narrowing genotype-crop phenotype gaps, and in understanding genotype-by-environment interactions at crop level.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122603875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulating plant plasticity under light environment: A source-sink approach","authors":"Haoyu Wang, Mengzhen Kang, Jing Hua","doi":"10.1109/PMA.2012.6524869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMA.2012.6524869","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation of plant structure competing for light source has mostly been done by directly modifying plant structure according to light interception. Functional-structural plant models, however, emphasize the influence of light interception on biomass production, and consequently plant structure. In this paper, we integrate a light distribution model with GreenLab model, which used Beer-Law in computing biomass production. By replacing Beer-Law with a light interception model for biomass production, the combined model was able to simulate the effect of light condition on plant structure through source-sink regulation. The positive and negative sides of this approach are discussed.","PeriodicalId":117786,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications","volume":"468 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123058610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}