Entomologia Generalis最新文献

{"title":"Benefits of intraguild interactions between zoophytophagous predators and of bottom-up effects of fertilisation for sustainable management of tomato pests","authors":"Kouassi A.J. Konan, Coline C. Jaworski, Roger Boll, Axelle Desneux, San-Whouly M. Ouali-N’Goran, Thibaud Martin, Benjamin Gard, Roselyne Souriau, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Nicolas Desneux","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2381","url":null,"abstract":"Effective management of tomato pests such as Bemisia tabaci and Tuta absoluta requires the integration of more sustainable control methods. Applying integrated pest management (IPM) approaches using combinations of biocontrol agents with agronomic practices such as the modulation of fertilisation offers opportunities toward more efficient pest control, all the more so since the underlying bottom-up and top-down regulations are interdependent. We investigated the relative influence of the bottom-up effects of reduced fertilisation (by 47%) and the use of the mirid predators Dyciphus errans or Macrolophus pygmaeus in combination with Nesidiocoris tenuis on the control of B. tabaci and T. absoluta. Densities of B. tabaci and T. absoluta population decreased more rapidly when fertilisation was reduced. The presence of D. errans caused reduction in N. tenuis densities and in the number of necrotic rings caused by N. tenuis. The negative effects of bottom-up forces triggered by reduced fertilisation on B. tabaci, T. absoluta and N. tenuis populations and damage were greater in the presence of D. errans. Our study shows that interactions between predators and fertilisation management are important in agro-ecosystems and should be considered in the development of sustainable IPM strategies.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichogramma chilonis is a promising biocontrol agent against Tuta absoluta in China: results from laboratory and greenhouse experiments","authors":"Xiaowei Li, Tingting Chen, Limin Chen, Jie Ren, Farman Ullah, Songwang Yi, Yuhan Pan, Shuxing Zhou, Wenchao Guo, Kaiyun Fu, Yuan-Xi Li, Yaobin Lu","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2457","url":null,"abstract":"Tuta absoluta, an economically important pest threatening the global production of tomato crops worldwide, has recently invaded China. Owing to insecticide resistance, alternative control options are needed within the context of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Augmentative biological control using indigenous natural enemies is a promising tactic for managing T. absoluta in newly invaded areas. In this study, the host suitability of four commercialized Trichogramma parasitoids in China (T. dendrolimi, T. japonicum, T. chilonis, and T. ostriniae) on T. absoluta eggs was evaluated in laboratory conditions. The control effectiveness of the most promising Trichogramma species was further tested at different release densities and frequencies in a greenhouse experiment. We found that T. chilonis was the most promising species parasitizing T. absoluta eggs, showing the highest parasitism rate, emergence rate, and female offspring sex ratio. The greenhouse experiment indicated that 600,000 parasitoids/hectare (20 parasitoids/plant) was the most effective release density, reaching 76% control effectiveness. Release frequency significantly affected the parasitism rate in the greenhouse. Two releases of 300,000 parasitoids/hectare on Day 1 and Day 4 was the most effective strategy, compared to one release of 600,000 parasitoids/hectare on Day 1. Our findings showed that augmentative biological control of T. absoluta by native Trichogramma parasitoids T. chilonis in China is feasible, and it could be included as part of IPM package against T. absoluta in China.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140584988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bugs and Bergmann’s rule: a cross-taxon large-scale study reveals idiosyncratic altitudinal and latitudinal body size patterns for different insect taxa","authors":"Mark Jun M. Alcantara, Alyssa M. Fontanilla, Louise A. Ashton, Chris J. Burwell, Min Cao, Hongxiang Han, Hua Huang, Roger L. Kitching, Alexey Reshchikov, Xianhui Shen, Yong Tang, Yi Wan, Zhenghui Xu, Akihiro Nakamura","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2246","url":null,"abstract":"Bergmann’s rule posits that an organism’s body size or mass increases with decreasing temperature. While generally established in homeotherms, Bergmann’s rule has been largely inconsistent in insects due to limited taxonomic and spatial coverage and variable sampling methods applied to the same taxonomic group. To rectify these shortfalls in tests of Bergmann’s rule in insects, we sampled ants, ichneumonid wasps, carabid beetles, and geometrid moths simultaneously from three locations (representing tropical, subtropical, and subalpine altitudinal gradients) across Yunnan, Southwest China, where temperature and productivity generally decline with latitude. We sought generalities in Bergmann’s rule in insects by investigating whether community-level altitudinal body size patterns within each location were dependent on geographic locations, microhabitats (forest canopy vs understory), focal taxa (insect families), and taxonomic scale (subfamilies within individual families). We found that altitudinal clines, when present, varied across geographic locations; carabids and geometrids showed positive clines in the tropical altitudinal gradient and negative clines in the subtropical and subalpine altitudinal gradients. Understory and canopy geometrids showed similar patterns while different subfamilies showed variable patterns. Carabid and geometrid body size patterns complied with the combined resource allocation model, which posits that the body size varies with resource availability along altitudinal and latitudinal ranges. Overall, our study revealed idiosyncratic altitudinal and latitudinal body size patterns for different insect taxa. Our study also illustrates the value of fully standardized, large-scale studies in revealing generalities (or the lack thereof) in Bergmann’s rule in insects and we suggest incorporating the natural history and biology of target groups to better explain patterns of body size variation.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age, weight, and mating status of the male influence female choice and reproductive success in Tuta absoluta","authors":"Gleice Ane de S. Gonçalves, Khalid Haddi, Natália de S. Ribas, Kárenn Christiny P. Santos, Lucas Felipe P. Tschoeke, Eraldo Lima","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2287","url":null,"abstract":"Mate choice is a fundamental behavior of polyandrous insects, in which individuals prefer mates that exhibit characteristic traits of higher reproductive quality. Tuta absoluta (Meyrick 1917) is the main pest in tomato cultivation and is difficult to control. Pheromones-based strategies; including monitoring, mass trapping and mating disruption; are recommended within integrated pest management of this pest. However, significant losses in tomato production are still reported despite the effective capture of males suggesting a potential failure of the used pheromones-based technologies in the field. As this situation may be related to the sexual behavior of this species, this study aimed to investigate how male’s characteristics, such as body weight, mating status, and age, influence the reproductive behavior of T. absoluta females and thus understanding the reported efficacy losses. First, we conducted a set of tests in which females were allowed to choose between males of different weights, mating status, and age. The effects of mating with males presenting the most contrasting characteristics on the females, reproductive outputs and longevity were assessed. Our results show that females of T. absoluta prefer males with higher reproductive quality (young, virgin and heavy) and that the male’s body weight had a direct influence on the increased longevity and reproductive performance of females. Understanding the reproductive success of these insects can help develop more effective control technologies to better reduce losses in tomato production caused by this pest.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta can transmit the emergent tomato brown rugose fruit virus","authors":"Andrea G. Caruso, Simona Tortorici, Salvatore Davino, Sofia Bertacca, Arianna Ragona, Gabriella Lo Verde, Antonio Biondi, Emanuela Noris, Roberto Rizzo, Stefano Panno","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2119","url":null,"abstract":"The tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) currently represents one of the most significant threats to tomato crop worldwide. Its transmission occurs mainly through contact between plants and infected surfaces, and only one case of mechanical transmission by arthropods has been reported. Here, we aim to assess the role of an invasive tomato pest, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in ToBRFV transmission. Laboratory tests demonstrated the presence of the ToBRFV in adult moths obtained from larvae developed on ToBRFV-infected plants. Infected adults of T. absoluta were able to infect healthy tomato plants. In order to evaluate whether the occurrence of ToBRFV on T. absoluta adults was internal or external to the pupae, as results of larvae feeding on infected plants, pupae obtained from larvae fed on infected plants were externally disinfected and then analyzed for the presence of ToBRFV by RT-qPCR. Adults obtained from disinfected and not-disinfected pupae were also analyzed. Both adults and pupae were positive for the virus, suggesting its presence in the inner surface of the pupal exuvia. Electron microscopy, western blot analyses and hemolymph bioassay showed the absence of ToBRFV virions and viral coat protein in the hemolymph collected from disinfected pupae, demonstrating that the ToBRFV is not circulative in the progeny of T. absoluta adults obtained from larvae fed in infected plants, but probably adults got contaminated during their emergence, due to virus presence in the inner surface of pupal exuvia. This study demonstrates for the first time that T. absoluta can carry an infectious primary inoculum of ToBRFV, highlighting a potential epidemiological role of T. absoluta in spreading ToBRFV in the field.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lobularia maritima as a nutrient-rich floral food source for two parasitoid wasps of Tuta absoluta","authors":"Pablo Urbaneja-Bernat, Jordi Riudavets, Carmen Denis, Juan Ojeda, Oscar Alomar, Judit Arnó","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2299","url":null,"abstract":"Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the main pests threatening tomato production worldwide. Since its detection in the Mediterranean basin, it has been the target of research aiming to reduce damage in tomato crops. Current conservation biological control approaches focus on the polyphagous predators Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), which are very effective predators of the pest’s eggs but have little effect on T. absoluta larvae. Surveys conducted in northeast of Spain have concluded that the eulophid Necremnus tutae Ribes & Bernardo and the braconid Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris (Marsh) are the most abundant larval parasitoids. It is well known that adding floral resources near crops can provide high-quality food for natural enemies and thus enhance biological control. Previous studies showed that Lobularia maritima L. (Brassicaceae) flowers are a reliable food source for N. tutae. The present study examines whether the availability of L. maritima flowers positively influences the fitness of D. gelechiidivoris and the biological control of T. absoluta by parasitoids. To study this aspect, the performance of both wasps was evaluated in a simple and complex arena at high and low densities of T. absoluta, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the nectar of L. maritima is a nutrient-rich food source for both N. tutae and D. gelechiidivoris with profound implications on the biological control of T. absoluta in tomatoes.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticide-arthropod interactions: Quo vadis?","authors":"Raul Narciso C. Guedes, Cláudia de Lima e Silva","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2024/2471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2024/2471","url":null,"abstract":"This is the editorial to Entomologia Generalis 44/1.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile: natural history, ecology and impact of a successful invader","authors":"Elena Angulo, Benoit Guénard, Paride Balzani, Alok Bang, Filippo Frizzi, Alberto Masoni, Sílvia Abril, Andrew V. Suarez, Benjamin Hoffmann, Giovanni Benelli, Hitoshi Aonuma, Lori Lach, Palesa Natasha Mothapo, Theresa Wossler, Giacomo Santini","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2023/2187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2023/2187","url":null,"abstract":"The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, is one of the world’s worst invasive species, with established populations in at least 40 countries on six continents. In this review, we synthesise the vast literature on this species in four areas, concentrating on its introduction to natural systems. The first section reviews its distribution, habitat preferences, and the factors promoting its invasion success. Second, we review current knowledge of its ecological impacts on invertebrates, vertebrates and ecosystem functions. The third section deals with behaviour and genetics, particularly traits promoting invasiveness. Finally, we address applied issues, emphasising the quantification of the economic costs and eradication strategies associated with L. humile invasion. Despite tremendous research efforts, especially over the past 40 years, numerous knowledge gaps remain in the understanding of the distribution, ecology, impacts, management, and economic costs of this species. We conclude by highlighting the most critical gaps and propose a research agenda to tackle the future challenges in the study of L. humile biology.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Look but do not touch: the occurrence of venomous species across Lepidoptera","authors":"Andrea Battisti, Andre.A. Walker, Mizuki Uemura, Myron.P. Zalucki, Anne-Sophie Brinquin, Rudy Caparros-Megidos, Emmanuel Gachet, Carole Kerdelhué, Nicolas Desneux","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2023/2295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2023/2295","url":null,"abstract":"Lepidoptera can cause several health issues in humans and domestic animals due to their setae, which are defensive adaptations that protect them from predators. The diversity of venomous Lepidoptera has been explored in several reviews starting from the first comprehensive attempt in 1984 by Kawamoto and Kumada (KK) who compiled a list of 228 species based on previous reviews; however, KK did not cite the original publications for listed species. In this review we validated and updated the KK table. The updated list of venomous Lepidoptera includes 5 superfamilies, 14 families, 208 genera, and 576 species, representing a two-fold increase for genera and 2.9-fold for species with respect to KK. The total number of species in the genera including at least one venomous species, which we argue is likely closer to the true number of venomous species, is 7 times higher (3,620). GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) occurrences for venomous species are 1–4 orders of magnitude higher than those of confamilial non-venomous species. The presence of venomous structures is independent of the relatedness of the clades or geographic region; venom is produced by many species of Zygaenoidea, Lasiocampoidea and Bombycoidea but only by some specialized groups in Papilionoidea and Noctuoidea. There are likely to be multiple evolutionary origins of venom within Lepidoptera, but the exact number is difficult to estimate. The knowledge gap between medical and natural history fields needs to be addressed with novel approaches to study ecology and toxicology. This review offers health practitioners a tool to better understand the origin of the reactions observed and to improve the identification of the causal agents.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139981176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No effect of a fluorophore taggant on western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus roaming and flight behavior","authors":"James R. Hagler, Miles T. Casey, Scott A. Machtley, Paul V. Merten","doi":"10.1127/entomologia/2023/2349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2023/2349","url":null,"abstract":"The liquid fluorescent material SmartWater® has recently been reported as an effective external mark for arthropods. In this study, we examined the behavioral effects of the SmartWater marker on Lygus hesperus (Knight) (Hemiptera: Miridae). Specifically, we quantified the roaming and flight characteristics of unmarked, water-marked, and SmartWater-marked specimens. The results showed no significant differences in L. hesperus roaming and flight speeds, distances, and durations between the marking treatments. The results reported here and from previous research show the SmartWater product has enormous potential for mark-release-recapture type research.","PeriodicalId":11728,"journal":{"name":"Entomologia Generalis","volume":"545 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139949132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}