{"title":"The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies","authors":"M. Elfeshawy, W. Aly, M. Abouzeid","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190704.11","url":null,"abstract":"The amazing tecnology of 3D imaging enables the examination of the fetal central nervous system simultaneously in the three orthogonal planes, better defining the spatial relationship of CNS structures and malformations. The multiplanar mode is utilized to navigate through the volume, observing information on a particular structure in each of the three symmetrical planes. The aim of this stuyd is to evaluate the role of 3D/4D ultrasound in assessment of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. This is prospective study including thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. 42 anomalies were detected from examination of thirty pregnant females. In addition, a higher incidence of face and neck anomalies over CNS anomalies was noted. (57.2% versus 42.8%). We concluded that 2D US remains the gold standard in assessment of fetal anomalies and 3D/4D US, along these lines, isn't a screening system however an aide to 2D US for those embryos in whom anomalies are as of now decided or associated on the premise with standard sonography.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124121988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-Shimaa Magdy Ammar, Mohammed M. Dawoud, M. Hefeda, M. Badawy, Essmat Hamdy Abozaid
{"title":"The Utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI Techniques in Differentiation Between Benign and Malignant Uterine Masses","authors":"Al-Shimaa Magdy Ammar, Mohammed M. Dawoud, M. Hefeda, M. Badawy, Essmat Hamdy Abozaid","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190703.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190703.12","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in the differentiation between benign and malignant endometrial, uterine and cervical masses. The study included 78 patients. All patients had uterine or cervical masses on ultrasound examination. All patients had conventional MRI, DWI, and DCE-MRI. The patients were classified into three groups: patients with endometrial masses, myometrial lesions and cervical masses. The mean ADC value of benign endometrial and myometrial lesions was higher significantly from malignant lesions (P value <0.001 and <0.001). The cut off value of ≤1.1×10-3mm2/sec as a predictor of malignant lesions yielded a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 89.65%, 91.54%, 88.67%, 92.41% and 95.21% respectively. The semi-quanitative parameters of DCE-MRI including the enhancement amplitude (EA), maximum slope (MS) and time of half rising (THR), all showed significant difference between the benign and malignant lesion in endometrial, myometrial and cervical lesions. In clinically and sonographically indeterminate endometrial, myometrial or cervical masses, DWI and DCE-MRI proved to be more accurate than conventional MRI in differentiation between benign and malignant masses, with the DWI and ADC value had more sensitivity and specificity especially in endometrial masses and should be included in the routine pelvic MRI. DCE-MRI should be reserved for still questionable cases after DWI and to study the vascularity of the lesions.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122250686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Shear Wave Elastography in Differentiation Between Benign and Malignant Solid Breast Masses Compared with Strain Elastography","authors":"M. Hefeda, Mohammed Abdallah Hablus","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.13","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in differentiating malignant and benign breast Lesions in comparison with strain elastography and B mode ultrasound. This was prospective study, we used the commercially available eSie touch elastography imaging. In the shear wave elastography (SWE) we had two modes, the virtual touch imaging (VTI) with interpretation with the 5 points elasticity score and virtual touch quantification (VTQ) technique with the calculation of the Shear wave velocity (SWV). The study included 142 solid breast masses, of them 75 (52.8%) were benign and 67 (47.2%) were malignant. The mean shear wave velocity differed significantly between the benign and malignant groups (2.4+1.3m/sec and 7.3+2.2m/sec respectively, P value <0.0001). the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of strain (eSie touch) elastography score was 83.1%, 88.73%, 88.06%, 84% and 85.92% respectively, which was less than the elastography score by ARFI (92.42%, 92.11%, 91.04%, 93.33% and 92.25% respectively) and less than the VTQ (SWV) which was 94.03%, 95.95%, 95.45% and 95.04% respectively. We concluded that Both the SWE and SE elastography showed significant difference between the benign and malignant masses, and both has added value above B mode ultrasound during routine examination. Shear wave elastography had higher sensitivity and specificity than SE, and less false negative and false positive results. The quantitative SWE (SWV) had the highest diagnostic performance among the different studied techniques.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123622592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Ogura, F. Mizuhashi, Y. Sugawara, Makoto Oohashi, Hirokazu Sekiguchi, Hisato Saegusa
{"title":"Analysis of Dentoalveolar and Maxillofacial Fractures with Multidetector-Row Computed Tomography","authors":"I. Ogura, F. Mizuhashi, Y. Sugawara, Makoto Oohashi, Hirokazu Sekiguchi, Hisato Saegusa","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.12","url":null,"abstract":"Dentoalveolar trauma may occur after accidental falls, automotive accidents, violence, or contact sport injuries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dentoalveolar and maxillofacial fractures with multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT). Forty patients with dentoalveolar and maxillofacial fractures underwent MDCT. Mandibular fractures were classified into four types: median, paramedian, angle and condylar types. Midface fractures were classified into four types: Le Fort I-III and zygomatic maxillary complex types. Statistical analysis of the relationship between prevalence of dentoalveolar fractures and maxillofacial fracture locations was performed using Chi-square test with Fisher's exact test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of dentoalveolar fractures was 15.0% (6/40 cases) of all patients with maxillofacial fractures. The mean age of patients with and without dentoalveolar fractures in maxillofacial fractures were 39.8 years and 54.7 years, respectively. Regarding cause of injury, the prevalence of maxillofacial fractures with dentoalveolar fractures were 18.8% of accidental falls and 0% of contact sport injuries and automotive accidents. There was no significant relationship between prevalence of dentoalveolar and maxillofacial fractures. The results suggest that the prevalence of dentoalveolar and maxillofacial fractures are related to the age and cause of injury.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121807392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mostafa Sonbol, M. Elshamy, Anas Mohamed Sabry Elhadary
{"title":"Role of Cardiac MRI in Assessment Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy","authors":"Mostafa Sonbol, M. Elshamy, Anas Mohamed Sabry Elhadary","doi":"10.12816/EJHM.2019.41911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/EJHM.2019.41911","url":null,"abstract":"Background: cardiomyopathies encompass a broad spectrum of myocardial conditions which can affect the heart as a primary disease process or as part of a systemic disorder, evolving toward heart failure or cardiovascular death. Objective: this study aimed to identify the role and diagnostic potential of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose and differentiate various types of cardiomyopathy. Patients and Methods: this study included 50 patients with suspected different types of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies referred from outpatient clinic of Cardiology at Al-Hussein University hospital from November 2018 to July 2019. Results: all patients showed mild to moderate mitral regurge (100% of cases), tricuspid regurge was seen in 3 cases (75% of cases) and aortic regurge was seen in 4 cases (50 % of cases). The most value of MRI study of these patients was to differentiate whether if heart failure is related to 1ry dilated cardiomyopathy or other causes such as ischemia as they have different management in each group. Conclusion: CMR is a valuable (minimally or non-invasive) imaging technique in patients with suspected or known to have non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. It helps to identify the underlying cause, predict prognosis and responsiveness to therapy and affect management as well follow-up and most recently as primary prevention diagnostic tool.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114602064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hablas, H. Elahwal, T. Mostafa, R. Elshafey, Mohamed Elashwah
{"title":"Coronary Artery Anomalies by Multidetector Computed Tomography","authors":"L. Hablas, H. Elahwal, T. Mostafa, R. Elshafey, Mohamed Elashwah","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190702.11","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) is reported to be 0.3% to 2% of the general population. Asymptomatic CAAs are more common and have a better prognosis. Nevertheless, some of these anomalies are linked with symptoms such as syncope, chest pain, and sudden cardiac death. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and describe the coronary congenital anomalies and their variations using coronary CT angiography. MD (320) CT angiography was used to prospectively examine 630 patients with either myocardial ischemic symptoms or suspected coronary anomalies by echocardiography or invasive coronary angiography. Contrast injection with ultra-thin cardiac scanning were then carried out. Images were analyzed with multiplanar reformations (MPR), curved multiplanar reformations (cMPR), maximum intensity projections (MIP) & volume rendering techniques (VR). Coronary artery anomalies were found in 217/630 patients (34.44% incidence), 69 (10.95%) anomalies were of vessel origin with good agreement between CTA and ICA results (K= 0.630), 140 (22.22%) were of vessel course and intrinsic vessel anomalies with moderate agreement between CTA and ICA results (K= 0.448), and 8 (1.27%) were of vessel termination with very good agreement between CTA and ICA results (K= 1.000). from this study we conclude that the prevalence of coronary anomalies is substantially higher with coronary CTA than with invasive coronary angiography and ECG gated multidetector coronary CT angiography allows accurate anatomical assessment of coronary artery anomalies.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128522342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Saouab, Fatima Zahra Rhouni, M. Mahi, Hassan Boumdien, T. Amil, Jamal El Fenni
{"title":"Gallstone Ileus: An Uncommon Cause of Acute Abdomen","authors":"R. Saouab, Fatima Zahra Rhouni, M. Mahi, Hassan Boumdien, T. Amil, Jamal El Fenni","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.14","url":null,"abstract":"Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of acute abdomen, representing less than 1% of intestinal obstruction. It is due to mechanical small bowel obstruction (SBO) by a migrated gallstone. we report this observation to illustrate the imaging findings especially in CT scan. A 62-year-old woman was admitted to emergency for acute bowel obstruction. The CT scan has confirmed jejunal bowel distension with fluid levels upstream endoluminal formation which was rounded and well limited, measuring 5 cm of long axis. This training was slightly hyperdense with hypodense areas of fat density. Moreover, there was aerobilia with multiple fistulas between the duodenum (D1) and gallbladder, which was empty. The triad of aerobilia, small bowel obstruction and migrant gallstone was suggestive of gallstone ileus diagnosis. The patient was operated with good evolution. Gallstone ileus is an uncommon presentation of gallstone disease. It is frequently observed in elderly patients with a history of cholelithiasis or cholecystitis. Early diagnosis is crucial and would avoid morbidity and mortality related to this disease. CT scan shows the classical triad of Rigler with pneumobilia, an ectopic stone and mechanical ileus. CT may improve the diagnosis providing important information regarding the exact number, size, and location of ectopic stones and the site of intestinal obstruction or direct visualization of a biliary–enteric fistula, to help clinicians in the therapeutic management of patients.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131310528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiparametric Correlation Between Anatomical Variants of the Paranasal Sinuses and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Case-control Study","authors":"P. William, Medina Fernando","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (RSC) is a disabling disease that can affect up to 70% of people. It is very important to know which are the anatomical variants that the patient presents for surgical planning and often for the treatment of the variants that can present as a risk factor. The evidence shows heterogeneity in the prevalence of these anatomical variants and it is not described quantitatively which are the variants that present the greatest relationship as a risk factor. Establishing the multiparametric correlation between at least one of the most frequent anatomical variants of the paranasal sinuses and the development of rhinosinusitis is the most important objective of this investigation. Materials and methods: Case-control study with multiparametric correlation analysis of the anatomical variants of paranasal sinuses as a risk factor in the development of sinusitis. Analysis with measures of central tendency, Xi2, Fisher's exact test, binary logistic regression. Results: The most frequent anatomical variant was the deviation of the nasal septum on the left side (78%). The second most common variant found was the Agger Nasi cells (68%), followed by the protrusion of the Vidian nerve in the sphenoid sinus (52%). The only anatomical variant that could be determined within the regression model was the obstruction of the osteomeatal complex; which is presented as a risk factor with an OR of 16 (95% CI: 6.9-41.3). Conclusions: Obstruction of the osteomeatal complex is a very important risk factor for the development of chronic rhinosinusitis.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116310149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naglaa Samy Fahmy, Mohamed Ahmed Yousef, Mohamed Abd El-Hamid Alm El-Din, A. M. Darweesh
{"title":"Role of Multi-Slice Computed Tomography Perfusion in Evaluation of the Pulmonary Nodules","authors":"Naglaa Samy Fahmy, Mohamed Ahmed Yousef, Mohamed Abd El-Hamid Alm El-Din, A. M. Darweesh","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190701.11","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aim is the role of multi-slice CT perfusion in assessment of pulmonary nodules. Eighty patients with pulmonary nodules underwent non contrast CT scan of the chest and dynamic CT perfusion of the chest. Dynamic CT chest perfusion of 80 patients with pulmonary nodules revealed 24 patients had benign nodules of low biological activity, 16 patients had benign nodules of high biological activity and 40 patients had malignant nodules (16 of them had multiple nodules in both lung fields and clinical history of primary extra pulmonary malignancy, so diagnosed as metastatic nodules). Perfusion flow, extraction fraction and blood volume; these indexes showed significant differences between malignant nodules and benign nodules with low biologic activity (P>0.0001) In addition, these indexes showed a significant difference between benign nodules with high biologic activity and those with low biologic activity (P>0.0001) and the perfusion flow was of high benefit for nodules characterization than ejection fraction and blood volume by the higher significant values. CT perfusion compared the effect of therapy (chemotherapy and or radiotherapy) on metastatic pulmonary nodules before and after start of treatment by perfusion parameters (perfusion flow, extraction fraction and blood volume) & colour maps with the clinical data and follow up revealed that both results closely near and raise the efficacy of CT perfusion study in follow up and assessment of treatment response in metastatic pulmonary nodules. It can be concluded that CT perfusion is a feasible non-invasive diagnostic technique able to evaluate the nature of pulmonary nodules and treatment response in patients with metastatic pulmonary nodules.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"380 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122924721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy; Comparison Between Conventional Sonography, Sonoelastography, and MRI in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Shoulder Pain","authors":"S. Khodair, Usama Elsaied Ghieda","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMI.20190704.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMI.20190704.12","url":null,"abstract":"AIM OF THE WORK: To evaluate the value of sonoelastohraphy in rotator cuff tendinopathy. METHODS & MATERILS: Rotator cuff tendons of 40 patients with shoulder pain, patients with complete rotator cuff tear were excluded, 22 men, 18 women; mean age, 47.9 years and 40 healthy volunteers (22 men, 18 women; mean age, 39.8 years were examined by US, and SEL,&MRI. The MRI findings of tendinopathy were used as reference golden standard and were compared to US and SEL findings. By using US intratendinous focal areas of abnormal echogenicity were defined as pathologic. SE images were evaluated using color mapping grading system representing stiff tissue (blue) to more soft tissue (green, yellow, red). RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, SEL of rotator cuff tendons showed mainly blue color with areas of green coloring and normal findings on US scale & T2 MR images. No red or yellow coloring was detected, interpreted as sign for harder tissue characteristics. In patients with shoulder pain showed typical signs of rotator cuff tendinopathy in MRI, 34/40 showed signs of tendinopathy by US while 38/40 showed signs of tendinopathy using SEL. In details, US showed a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 95% while SEL showed a sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 100%. ROC analysis showed a SEL cut off value of strain ration < 5.4 has a sensitivity of 97.5% & specificity of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: qualitative and quantitative SEL showed improved the sensitivity and specificity in the detection of rotator cuff tendinopathy to the conventional US.","PeriodicalId":117142,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Imaging","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116335324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}