Environment and Natural Resources Research最新文献_第5页

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environment and Natural Resources Research, Vol. 9, No. 3 《环境与自然资源研究》第9卷第3期审稿人致谢

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/enrr.v9n3p135

Emily S. Lin

引用次数: 0

Mortality Due to Meteorological Disasters in Mexico during 2000-2015 2000-2015年墨西哥气象灾害死亡率

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/enrr.v9n3p101

José Alfredo Jáuregui-Díaz, María de Jesús Ávila-Sánchez, Rodrigo Tovar-Cabañas

引用次数: 1

Effectiveness of raw versus activated coconut shells for removing arsenic and mercury from water 生椰壳与活化椰壳去除水中砷和汞的效果

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/enrr.v9n3p127

Ismaila Emahi, P. Sakyi, Pennante Bruce-Vanderpuije, A. Issifu

{"title":"Effectiveness of raw versus activated coconut shells for removing arsenic and mercury from water","authors":"Ismaila Emahi, P. Sakyi, Pennante Bruce-Vanderpuije, A. Issifu","doi":"10.5539/enrr.v9n3p127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v9n3p127","url":null,"abstract":"Relatively inexpensive biosorbents, made from coconut shell, were explored as alternatives to high-quality activated carbon for use in small-scale, wastewater treatment in developing economies. Simple charring and activation procedures were followed to produce CaCl2-activated coconut shell charcoal and its effectiveness was compared with raw coconut shell powder for removal of mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) from contaminated water. From atomic absorption spectroscopy analyses, the removal efficiency of As and Hg with the use of activated charcoal were 67% (vs 65% for the raw form), and 53% (vs 49% for the raw form), respectively, from their corresponding “artificially”-contaminated wastewater. These results suggest that despite the slightly improved removal efficiencies recorded for activated coconut shells, the raw version could equally be used in treating wastewater towards the removal of the toxic metals- As and Hg. In order to understand the chemistry of the adsorption processes, FT-IR spectroscopy was employed to study similarities and differences in chemical compositions of the raw versus activated coconut shells before and after the biofiltration processes. To further investigate the effect of this biofiltration process on the overall quality of water, the physicochemical parameters (pH, conductivity, colour, turbidity, TDS and TSS) were measured on river water samples, pre-treated with the biosorbents. For both the raw and activated coconut shell, there was general improvement, although the conductivity of the water treated with the activated version was slightly elevated, was likely due to leaching of CaCl2 that was used for activation.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82642978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Classification and Regression Tree to Predict the Precipitation Labels of North-West Region in Bangladesh 分类与回归树预测孟加拉西北地区降水标签

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/enrr.v9n3p117

M. Rahman, M. Hossain

引用次数: 0

Carbon dioxide retrieval of Argus 1000 space data by using GENSPECT line-by-line radiative transfer model 利用GENSPECT逐行辐射传输模型反演阿格斯1000空间数据中的二氧化碳

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.5539/enrr.v9n3p77

R. Jagpal, R. Siddiqui, S. Abrarov, B. Quine

引用次数: 6

Woody Encroachment Extent and Its Associated Impacts on Plant and Herbivore Species Occurrence in Maswa Game Reserve, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚Maswa野生动物保护区林木入侵程度及其对植物和草食动物物种发生的影响

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-07-26 DOI: 10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P63

H. Kimaro, Ayoub M. Asenga, L. Munishi, A. Treydte

{"title":"Woody Encroachment Extent and Its Associated Impacts on Plant and Herbivore Species Occurrence in Maswa Game Reserve, Tanzania","authors":"H. Kimaro, Ayoub M. Asenga, L. Munishi, A. Treydte","doi":"10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P63","url":null,"abstract":"Habitat degradation caused by woody plant encroachment has been a common phenomenon in savanna ecosystems. An increasing woody plant cover in open grassland reduces grazing grounds and, consecutively, impacts mammalian herbivores, but structural changes and their associated impact have rarely been assessed and quantified. We analyzed the extent of woody plant encroachment via remote sensing and used transects and plots to assess encroaching woody plant species and their associated impacts on herbaceous plant and herbivore species in Maswa Game Reserve, Tanzania. We found that woody plant cover had increased by 0.5% to 2.6% per annum over the last thirty years, while in other parts of the park it has decreased by 0.5% to 1.5% per annum. Acacia drepanolobium was the dominant encroaching woody species, and the number of stems in heavily encroached sites was seven times and three times higher than in open grassland and at medium encroached sites, respectively. In encroached plots, grazer and mixed feeder species occurrence were reduced while the presence of browser species was slightly elevated. Furthermore, our finding shows that bare ground cover is positively correlated with an increase of woody plant cover. Additionally, the number of herbaceous species slightly increased with the increase of woody plant encroachment, while the herbaceous cover was negatively correlated with the increase of woody plant cover. We suggest that fire regimes should be taken up to suppress the ongoing encroachment processes while strongly encroached sites might need mechanical intervention to control dense vegetation. This emphasis is on fire, particularly prescribed fire as a management tool of vegetation in Savanna ecosystem. We conclude that, woody plant encroachment is driven by different factors such as fire, mega-herbivores and topology that may interactively trigger woody plant encroachment in Savanna ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88091161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Importance of Bushmeat in Household Income as a Function of Distance from Protected Areas in the Western Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚西塞伦盖蒂生态系统中丛林肉对家庭收入的重要性与保护区距离的函数关系

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P49

F. Manyama, M. Nielsen, E. Røskaft, J. Nyahongo

{"title":"The Importance of Bushmeat in Household Income as a Function of Distance from Protected Areas in the Western Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania","authors":"F. Manyama, M. Nielsen, E. Røskaft, J. Nyahongo","doi":"10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P49","url":null,"abstract":"Bushmeat hunting is widespread in villages adjacent to protected areas in Western Serengeti. However, little information is available about the role of bushmeat income in the household economy as a function of distance from the protected area boundary, preventing the formulation of informed policy for regulating this illegal trade. This study was conducted in three villages in Western Serengeti at distances of 3 (closest), 27 (intermediate) and 58km (furthest) from the boundary of Serengeti National Park to assess the contribution of bushmeat to household income. The sample consists of 246 households of which 96 hunted or traded bushmeat, identified using snowball sampling through the aid of local informers. The average income earned from bushmeat was significantly higher for bushmeat traders than hunters. The contribution of bushmeat to household income was significantly higher in Robanda the village closest to the protected area boundary compared to Rwamkoma and Kowak, the more distant villages. A Heckman sample-selection model reveals that household participation in hunting and trading bushmeat was negatively associated with distance to the protected area boundary and with the household head being female. Household reliance on bushmeat income was negatively associated with age and gender of the household head and distance to the protected area boundary. Hence, efforts to reduce involvement in hunting, and trading bushmeat should target male-headed households close to the protected area boundary.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77262623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Influence of Multiple Linear Infrastructure on Diversity of Small Mammals in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania 多重线性基础设施对坦桑尼亚Mikumi国家公园小型哺乳动物多样性的影响

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-06-29 DOI: 10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P41

Agnes Carol Kisanga, J. Nyahongo, Wambura M. Mtemi, E. Røskaft

{"title":"Influence of Multiple Linear Infrastructure on Diversity of Small Mammals in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania","authors":"Agnes Carol Kisanga, J. Nyahongo, Wambura M. Mtemi, E. Røskaft","doi":"10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P41","url":null,"abstract":"The need for rapid development in developing countries has led to establishment of major public infrastructure even in biodiversity rich protected areas. Mikumi National Park in central Tanzania is traversed by five such major infrastructures namely an optic fibre, a busy public road, an oil pipeline, power lines and railways. We assessed diversity and abundance of small terrestrial mammals of the order Eulipotyphla and Rodentia as indicator groups in relation to impacts of such infrastructure. Animals were live trapped during wet (February-April) and dry (July- September) seasons in 2018 from three established plots along the three transects set perpendicular to each of the four infrastructures. In 10102 trap nights, we captured 453 small mammals of nine species of which Mastomys natalensis constituted 75.4 % of total catch. Diversity and abundance varied between seasons, infrastructure and plots location. Dry season had significantly higher diversity than wet season and the railway site had higher diversity than the other infrastructure. The intermediate plots (500 m from infrastructure) had significantly higher abundance of animals than immediate (0-50 m) and distant (1000 m) plots. The differences in these results can be attributed by seasonal fluctuations of animal populations, and intensity of disturbance in each infrastructure and plot. It is important to examine impacts of future infrastructure developments using small mammals.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81694757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategies for Increasing the Biohydrogen Yield in Anaerobic Fermentation of Xylose 提高木糖厌氧发酵生物产氢率的策略

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P32

F. G. Silva, V. Ferreira-Leitão, M. Cammarota

{"title":"Strategies for Increasing the Biohydrogen Yield in Anaerobic Fermentation of Xylose","authors":"F. G. Silva, V. Ferreira-Leitão, M. Cammarota","doi":"10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P32","url":null,"abstract":"The pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials to obtain cellulose generates a residual stream with hemicellulosic composition, mainly containing xylose. This C5 fraction is not directly fermentable by microorganisms traditionally used to produce ethanol. Hence, more promising alternatives for the C5 fraction have been studied, and acidogenic fermentation proves to be an attractive option for the production of biohydrogen, due to the possibility of using hemicellulose fractions and mixed anaerobic cultures. To reduce the activity of hydrogen-consuming microorganisms when mixed cultures are employed as inoculum to produce hydrogen by anaerobic fermentation, thermal pretreatment was selected. However, such pretreatment method also affects the activity of hydrogen-producing acidogenic bacteria, and strategies should be studied to enrich the inoculum for these bacteria and to increase hydrogen yields. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of some strategies on the biohydrogen production from xylose. The strategies adopted were thermal pretreatment of the sludge, maintenance of the incubation temperature at 35 °C, adaptation of the sludge by successive contacts with the xylose solution, and increasing inoculum to substrate ratio (I/S) from 1 to 2. This approach improved hydrogen yield approximately 30 times, from 0.03 to 0.93 mmol H2/mmol xylose. However, this yield was only 56% of the theoretical value and can still be improved.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75522311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Research on Visual Interpretation and Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Erosion Gully in Luoyugou Watershed of China 罗玉沟流域侵蚀沟视觉解译及空间分布格局研究

Environment and Natural Resources Research Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P23

Wenyin Zhang, Yinfeng Liu

{"title":"Research on Visual Interpretation and Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Erosion Gully in Luoyugou Watershed of China","authors":"Wenyin Zhang, Yinfeng Liu","doi":"10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ENRR.V9N3P23","url":null,"abstract":"There are criss-cross Ravines and gullies in the Loess Plateau, where the erosion gullies grows better. The loess material, which is loose and has the vertical jointing, is easy to suffer from the erosion; the types of erosion in this area mainly include gravitational erosion and the trench erosion. There are typical gulling erosion in Luoyugou watershed of Tianshui northern suburb, located in the interactive region of Longxi Loess plateau hill-gully area and the Longnan mountainous area. Under the support of the SPOT satellite photos in 2008 and field survey, the paper establishes the visual interpretation features of erosion gully, extracting the information of erosion gully, and uses the landscape pattern analytical method, studying the spatial distribution pattern of the erosion gully in the watershed. Finally, the paper draws the following conclusions: 1) The shapes of erosion gullies are strip or arborization, and in the black-white image, the stable erosion gullies appear deep dark color, active erosion gullies present the bright color, and half-active erosion gullies are the shallow dark color; while in color synthesis image, the color of stable erosion gullies mixes garnet, and other erosion gullies are bright green. 2) There are more erosion gullies in the study area where human activities occur frequently, such as the both sides of terraced field, the side of road and the river marshland, the both sides of terraced field have. 3) The erosion gullies in the study watershed are primarily stable ones, whose area accounts for 51.3% of the total erosion gullies, and half-active ones accounts for 18.3%. This phenomenon indicates the progress in the control of the erosion gullies in this basin. 4) From the upstream to the downstream in the research basin, the erosion gully's average shape index has the tendency to reduce gradually, illustrating that the more getting nearly to the downstream, the more the slope of erosion gully to be gentler. The data results match well with the actual terrain feature.","PeriodicalId":11699,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Research","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74370176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4