Electronic Physician最新文献

{"title":"Understanding mothers' perceptions of pregnancy anxiety: a qualitative study","authors":"Katayoun Arfaie, F. Nahidi, M. Simbar","doi":"10.19082/7620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7620","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Anxiety in pregnancy has severe complications for a mother and her developing baby. Despite this fact, few studies have been done about antenatal anxiety and its risk factors, so this research aimed to explore components and dimensions of this kind of anxiety. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran city from May 2016 to December 2017. The participants were twenty-eight pregnant women who referred to health care services. In order to collect data, purposive sampling and face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were used. Data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection using qualitative content analysis with a conventional approach. Results: Mothers from different social backgrounds, educational levels and ethnicities, aged 18-41 years old participated in this study and after analysis, mothers’ perceptions of anxiety-provoking factors were classified into nine domains: including lack of information and planning, mothers’ loss of well-being, conflict with spouse, sociocultural issues, financial problems, parental challenges, healthcare related, fetal health and lack of support. Conclusion: With respect to what was found in this study, it seems that identification and screening of vulnerable mothers would be a dramatic help for the timely prevention and control of this mental health disorder and its complications.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":"11 1","pages":"7620-7628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44194203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study comparing injectable interferon beta-1a (Rebif 22-44), (Avonex 30) and 1b (Betaseron 250) injection site reaction in multiple sclerosis patients","authors":"Foziah Alshamrani, H. Alnajashi, Fahad A. Alkhamis, I. Alghanimi, Abdulla AlSulaiman, Aisha AlBaker, Iqbal bukari, Amir Mohamad","doi":"10.19082/7574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7574","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46872089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic effects and radiosensitizing potential of Artemisia kopetdaghensis extract in human cervical cancel HeLa cells","authors":"A. Fanipakdel, A. Hosseini, Sajedeh Tavakoli Afshar, Mahnaz Nourbakhsh, S. Mousavi","doi":"10.19082/7585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women worldwide; Radiotherapy has a major role in cervical cancer treatment. Anti-cancer effects of other species of Artemisia have been shown in some human cancer cells. Objective: To determine the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of Artemisia kopetdaghensis extract on cervical cancer HeLa cells. Methods: Different concentrations of Artemisia kopetdaghensis extract (ART) (25-250μg/ml) were examined on HeLa cell line. Cell cytotoxicity of the extract and combination of extract plus 2Gy radiation was evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hours via MTT assay. ART induced apoptosis was estimated with flow cytometry after 24h. Oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then Bonferroni post hoc test were applied for statistical analysis. Prism (v.6) was used for all statistical analyses. Results: Artemisia kopetdaghensis decreased HeLa cells viability according to its concentration and timing of treatment. Comparing with the control group, a sub-G1 peak in the flow cytometry histogram of A. kopetdaghensis treated cells was shown, demonstrating that apoptosis was involved in A. kopetdaghensis cytotoxicity. Also, A. kopetdaghensis extract combined with irradiation, induced an additive cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells. Conclusion: Artemisia kopetdaghensis extract might be considered as a radiosensitizer in cervical cancer treatment potentially, and can be a good candidate for future studies.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47726093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Job-related stress among nurses in primary healthcare centers in Arar city, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Afaf Enad Alanazi, A. E. Mohamed, S. Hammad, Asmaa Enad Alanazi","doi":"10.19082/7594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7594","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occupational stress can lead to poor health and work-related injuries. Nurses have a unique work place environment that can impact job-related stress in a unique way. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of job stress among nurses in primary health centers in Arar city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 101 nurses covering all primary healthcare centers (n=12) in Arar city, Saudi Arabia between December 2017 and February 2018. All nurses working in primary healthcare levels, of all ages, sexes, Saudi and non-Saudi were eligible for study inclusion. Nurses with mental health problems and those of work duration less than one year were excluded from the study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics of nurses and a work stressor questionnaire to evaluate job stress among them. The data were entered and analyzed using IBM© SPSS© Statistics version 20. Chi-Square test of independence and Fisher Exact test were used. p≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: All nurses at primary healthcare centers in Arar city were included in the study (101nurses). The most frequent areas of work-related stress among nurses were time pressure (42.6%), followed by boredom-induced stress (32.7%), pressure on the job (31.7%), work underload stress (26.7%), and disagreement and indecision (25.7). Almost one-third (34.7%) of the nurses had work-related stress. Higher educated nurses (Bachelor or above) were more likely to have work-related stress compared to diploma educated nurses; 55.2% versus 26.4% (OR=3.4, CI: 1.3-8.4, p=0.006) Conclusion: Work-related stress is a considerably prevalent problem among nurses working at primary healthcare centers in Arar city, Saudi Arabia as it impacts almost one third of them. Application of interventional programs to relieve sources of stress, and providing more training of nurses on stress management is a necessity.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43726732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain modulation and Histopathological effects of the Hydroalcoholic extract of Capparis spinosa on mice model of Orofacial formalin test: an experimental study","authors":"Arezou Rayyani, S. Seifi, Roja Askian, M. Ashrafpour, S. Kazemi, A. Moghadamnia, H. Gholinia","doi":"10.19082/7567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7567","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orofacial pain is a form of inflammatory pain usually treated with corticosteroids, which have many side effects. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and histological profile of antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of caper (Capparis spinosa) for the first time in the orofacial region. Methods: This experimental study was carried out at Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Thirty-six male Wistar mice were divided into 6 groups: The first group received saline, the second group received dexamethazone, and four groups received different doses (10, 20, 50, 100 mg/kg) of caper extract. In the formalin test, 1% formalin solution was injected into the right submucosal layer of the lip and lateral area of the nose. Pain intensities were recorded at 5-min blocks for 60 min after injection. Dose effect of caper on pain was recorded. The mice were euthanized and the oral area was biopsied and stained with Hematoxylin-eosin, Toluidine blue, and Congo red. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and t-test by IBM-SPSS version 20. Results: Caper produced antinociceptive effects in comparison with saline groups (p<0.001). Dose effect on pain was significant (p<0.001). The highest antinociceptive effect was observed in the caper group receiving 100 mg/kg of agent 15-20 minutes after injection. The highest pain level was observed in the group that received 20 mg/kg of caper (p<0.001). Dexamethazone antinociceptive effect was greater than that of the saline and the dose of 20 mg/kg of caper (p<0.001). Antinociceptive effects in two groups (100 mg caper and dexamethazone) were equal (p>0.999). Histopathologic examination revealed the highest thickness of epithelium, fibrous, and muscular tissue density and the lowest inflammatory infiltration at the dose of 100 mg/kg of caper. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that hydroalcoholic extract of caper possesses antinociceptive activity in a dose-dependent manner and caper-induced antinociception might be mediated, at least in part, by anti-inflammatory effects.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43535684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A double complication may yield a positive outcome: air embolism in a huge aneurysm","authors":"M. Dastani, Nima Nakhai, M. Jalalyazdi","doi":"10.19082/7580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7580","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery air embolization is a rare event leading to catastrophic hemodynamic compromise within seconds after introduction of air within the coronary arteries. The management of massive air embolism should be extremely quick so as to prevent cardiac compromise. In this report, we present a case of massive air embolism in the left anterior descending artery during coronary angiography in a 47-year-old female with a history of smoking and hyperlipidemia, who was admitted due to typical exertional chest pain despite analgesic administration. Coronary angiography was performed for the patient which revealed huge aneurysm of the left main artery and total occlusion of LAD artery and air embolism in the LAD and left main artery. Blood flow was attained by passing a catheter through the LAD occlusion. The preexisting coronary artery disease in this patient has led to success in the management of massive coronary emboli. Massive coronary artery emboli are life threatening and require urgent management, however, some patients might benefit from coexisting coronary pathologies as in this case.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42052890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterobacteriaceae infections in Saudi Arabia: a regression analysis","authors":"R. Kaki","doi":"10.19082/7602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7602","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Infections caused by these microorganisms have limited treatment options, frequently leading to high mortality rates. Objective: This study aimed to identify the microbiological and clinical characteristics of CRE infections among hospitalized patients in a university hospital, and included treatment regimens, duration, infection-related mortality, and risk factors associated with death. Methods: the study analyzed the consecutive CRE infections in patients admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) between January 2014 and December 2016. Patients’ records for CRE infections at any sterile site during the study period were reviewed to analyze patient demographics, CRE risk factors, comorbidities, site of infection, antibiotic treatment, and septic shock. Therapeutic regimens including monotherapies, combination therapies, as well as different durations of treatment were also reviewed. The clinical outcome in this study was 30-day mortality. Statistical analyses were conducted by IBM© SPSS© Statistics version 21 using multiple logistic regression model, Chi-square, independent-sample t-test, and Fisher’s exact test. A p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently (89.8%) isolated organism. Chest (22%) and urinary tract infections (22%) were the main sources of CRE infections. Combined therapy resulted in significantly more deaths than the monotherapy (p=0.005). By logistic regression, the significant predictors were septic shock (Odds ratio=8.82), Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI) of two (Odds ratio=2.39) and renal impairment (Odds ratio=4.4). About 66% of patients for whom the antibiotics were initiated after >24 h (65.2%), died (Chi-square =1.55, p=0.22). Conclusions: This study showed high mortality in infected patients with CRE infections and that the drug monotherapy and combination therapies were not effective in reducing patient mortality. Knowledge on risk factors associated with CRE infections could be useful for designing future treatment regimens to combat such infections and reduce mortality.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48731577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Patients Presenting with Neck Masses to a Tertiary Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Majed Alnefaie, Yousuf Alqurashi, Asalh Saeedi, Abdullah Alamri, M. Algethami, W. M. Baabdullah, Adel Almaymuni, M. Merdad","doi":"10.19082/7431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41435985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effect of Topical Application of Breast Milk, Chlorhexidine and Dry Cord Care Methods on Bacterial Colonization in Umbilical Cord of Preterm Neonates in NICU: a randomized clinical trial","authors":"M. Yaghoobi, Behjatossadat Bolandi, M. Namaei, Gholamreza Faal","doi":"10.19082/7482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7482","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm neonates have a higher tendency in developing infections and their umbilical cord serves as a good environment for bacterial growth. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the topical effects of breast milk, chlorhexidine and dry cord care methods on bacterial colonization of preterm neonates’ umbilical cord in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Methods: The trial was one-centered, single-blind, and in phase 2 of clinical trials from Vali-e-Asr Educational Hospital, Birjand, Iran from January to June 2017. A sample of 75 preterm infants were recruited by convenience sampling method and assigned into one of the three groups of drying, chlorhexidine, and milk by using a table of random numbers (n=25 per group). Bacterial colonization and its density were assessed in all groups during the first 12 to 24 hours of admission, and again after 72 hours. A total of 25 subjects were entered in each group and the data were analyzed by Chi-square tests (Fisher's exact test), Kruskal–Wallis analysis, Wilcoxon test, McNemar's test, and ANOVA. Results: The bacteria colonized in the newborns of groups I, II, and III before and after intervention were 64% and 36% (p=0.03), 52 and 20% (p=0.008) and 64 and 32 (p=0.02) respectively. After the intervention, colonized bacteria were significantly decreased in all three groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, all three methods of drying approach, use of chlorhexidine, as well as breast milk were effective in controlling bacterial colonization in the umbilical cord of preterm neonates. Although there were no significant differences between the three groups, ultimately the use of these methods could be effective in reducing the need for antibiotics. Trial registration: Prior to the study, the protocol of study was registered at Iran's Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.irct.ir) (Registration ID: IRCT2017090517756N27). Funding: The present study was funded fully by Birjand University of Medical Sciences (grant number: 455078).","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41323986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of remote ischemic Pre-conditioning on primary percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes: a randomized clinical trial","authors":"M. Dastani, J. Ramezani, A. Gholoobi, M. Mouhebati, A. Eshraghi, M. Ahmadi, Seyyed Masoud Sajjadi","doi":"10.19082/7471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7471","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a simple non-invasive method by using cycles of ischemia and reperfusion on a remote organ. Objective: To determine the effect of RIPC outcomes in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: This double blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in two teaching and reference hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Sixty patients with acute STEMI were enrolled from October 2018 to January 2019. The patients were allocated into two groups, by using sealed envelope randomization i.e., a study group of patients who had undergone RIPC intervention and a control group of patients who had not undergone RIPC. Half an hour before PPCI, a sphygmomanometer cuff was placed around the left upper arm and inflated up to 200mmHg for five minutes; then the cuff was deflated for another five minutes, and this cycle was repeated 3 times before or during PPCI. Corrected Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count, ST-segment resolution, reperfusion arrhythmias and contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) were evaluated in both groups after PPCI. Study data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Results: A total number of 26 males and 14 females were studied in study groups (n=20 for each). Both groups were homogenous according to their baseline characteristics. Both TIMI grade and Corrected Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Frame Count CTFC significantly improved after RIPC (p=0.001 and p<0.0001 respectively). Moreover, CIN and reperfusion arrhythmias were reduced in the intervention group (p=0.028 and p=0.016 respectively). Also, ST-segment resolution was significantly different among groups (p=0.002). After adjusting for baseline factors only a significant relationship was observed between performing intervention and final TIMI grade (OR=26.416, 95% CI for OR=1.063, 656.184, p=0.046). Conclusion: RIPC can effectively reduce CIN and reperfusion arrhythmias in patients undergoing PPCI. Also, RIPC improved ST segment resolution and TIMI flow grade, and corrected TIMI frame count. Based on our results, RIPC may have a protective effect of on PPCI outcomes. Trial registration: The trial was registered at the Iranian Clinical Trial Registry (IRCT) (http://www.irct.ir) with the IRCT identification number IRCT20150614022713N2. http://www.ephysician.ir Page 7472 Founding: This research was supported financially by the Research Council of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Ref: 970162).","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43227734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}