{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD OBESITY: A REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF SOCIOECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS","authors":"Dr. Abdul Vajid, Dr. Sadakat Bashir","doi":"10.36713/epra16754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16754","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood obesity is a complex public health issue with significant implications for long-term health outcomes and healthcare costs. This study investigates the determinants of childhood obesity, focusing on socioeconomic and environmental factors. Data were collected from 310 children and their families using a structured questionnaire from Jodhpur City. Socioeconomic variables included parental education level and household income, while environmental factors encompassed access to healthy food options and safe outdoor spaces for physical activity. Multiple regression analysis examined the relationship between these factors and childhood obesity, controlling for potential confounders. Results indicate that parental education level and household income were inversely associated with childhood obesity, suggesting that higher socioeconomic status may protect against obesity risk. Additionally, access to healthy food options in the neighborhood emerged as a significant predictor of childhood obesity, highlighting the importance of environmental factors in shaping dietary behaviors. These findings underscore the need for multifaceted interventions targeting socioeconomic disparities and ecological barriers to promote healthy weight among children. Effective strategies may include improving access to nutritious foods and creating supportive environments for community physical activity. Addressing the determinants of childhood obesity is crucial for mitigating its adverse health effects and reducing the burden on healthcare systems.\u0000KEYWORDS: Childhood Obesity, Public Health, Healthy Lifestyle, Socioeconomic Factors, Physical Activity","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"111 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140986775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA","authors":"Khaidarova Sarvinoz Haydarjonovna, Mavlyanova Zilola Farkhadovna","doi":"10.36713/epra16639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16639","url":null,"abstract":"Among the diseases capable of negatively affecting the course of bronchial asthma in children and adolescents, disruptions in nutritional status play an important role, including not only excess body weight and obesity, but also insufficient body weight. Since children with the consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage often exhibit signs of protein-energy deficiency, the aim of the research conducted was to assess the indicators of nutritional status of children with bronchial asthma depending on accompanying neurological symptoms by evaluating the body mass index. 126 children with bronchial asthma were examined, divided into two subgroups: the main group included 65 children (51.6%) with the disease occurring against the background of consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage; the comparison group included 61 patients (48.4%) without accompanying neurological symptoms. The average age of the children was 11.4±2.9 years. According to the results obtained, in 50.8% of observations, children in the main group had insufficient body weight and a decrease in body mass index, while in the comparison group, excess body weight was observed in 37.7% of cases.\u0000KEYWORDS: children, bronchial asthma, anthropometry, body mass index, nutritional status, central nervous system","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"95 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adamu Yusuf, Dr. Ogu Musa Akwe, Dr. Bashir Umar Farouq, Lawal Muhammad Nasiru, Reuben Valati
{"title":"IMPACT OF CREDIT, INTEREST RATE AND INFLATION ON SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA","authors":"Adamu Yusuf, Dr. Ogu Musa Akwe, Dr. Bashir Umar Farouq, Lawal Muhammad Nasiru, Reuben Valati","doi":"10.36713/epra16607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16607","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to evaluate the impact of credit, interest rate and inflation on Small and Medium Enterprises Productivity in Nigeria, using annual time series data from 1986-2023. The data for the study was sourced from the World Development Indicator (WDI) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin. The data collected were gross domestic product (GDP) which is the dependent variable while commercial bank total credit to private sector (CPS), small and medium enterprises contribution to GDP (SMEC), inflation rate (INFL) and interest rate (INT) are the independent variables. Descriptive, inferential statistics and Error Correction Model (ECM) were used to test the long run relationship of the variables. The results of the regression show that credit to private sector and small and medium enterprises contribution to gross domestic product is positive and significant to economic growth. The results further revealed that inflation rate and interest rate have a negative and insignificant effect on gross domestic product. The study recommends that government should put more efforts to curb inflation to give more confident to investors and should implement measures (low interest rates) that would broaden the borrowing base to improve financial capacity of SMEs, thus lead to an increase in the contribution of SMEs to nations GDP.\u0000 KEYWORD: SME, Interest rate, Inflation, GDP.","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"25 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GENDER INEQUALITY AND HEALTH: A STUDY OF ELDERLY IN ALIGARH CITY","authors":"Ms. Arshi Khanam, Dr. Sadaf Nasir","doi":"10.36713/epra16632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16632","url":null,"abstract":"Women are more susceptible to unjust treatment, discrimination, and denial of fundamental human rights such as survival, education, health, inheritance, etc. due to social factors such as male domination and their subordinate status. Women experience two distinct disadvantages in the aging population due to gender-based roles and stereotypes. As a result, they are treated poorly in society. While aging is unavoidable, its gendered inequalities are not. Gender greatly impacts both mens and womens health in India. This in turn affects a persons susceptibility to illness and likelihood of experiencing health problems. The present study is both primary and secondary in nature. This paper tried to analyse the social and health issues faced by the elderly and examine gender-based inequalities in healthcare among the elderly in a selected area of Aligarh City in India and suggest ways to promote gender equality among the elderly by challenging the established pattern of inequality in health. \u0000KEYWORDS: Elderly, Gender, Health, Aging","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Shella Cabanero, Camille M. Maputol, Chie Ann B. Marquez, Estella Marie P. Alicante-Marte
{"title":"OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND SELF- EFFICACY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS IN TAGUM CITY","authors":"Maria Shella Cabanero, Camille M. Maputol, Chie Ann B. Marquez, Estella Marie P. Alicante-Marte","doi":"10.36713/epra16541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16541","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused primarily on the occupational stress and self-efficacy experienced by early childhood teachers, with a specific focus on Tagum City. A cohort of 100 early childhood educators participated in this research. Employing a descriptive-correlational methodology, the study aimed to assess the levels of occupational stress and self-efficacy among teachers and to uncover any significant associations between these variables. The findings revealed a moderate level of stress, with specific stressors including working conditions, curricular activities, and classroom management. However, teachers demonstrate high levels of self-efficacy, indicating a strong belief in their teaching abilities. The findings also highlighted a significant relationship between the self-efficacy and occupational stress of early childhood teachers in Tagum City, as evidenced by an R-value of 0.021. These results highlighted the importance of addressing stressors and promoting self-efficacy among educators to improve their well-being and effectiveness in the classroom. Future research and interventions should focus on supporting teachers in managing stress and enhancing self-efficacy to benefit the educational landscape.\u0000KEYWORDS: Occupational Stress, Self-efficacy; Early Childhood Teachers, Descriptive-correlational, Philippines","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"56 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Asif, Sameer Shrikhande, Hardik Pingale, Abhishek Joshi, Prof. Priyanka Sonawane
{"title":"HAND SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION USING AUGMENTED REALITY & MACHINE LEARNING","authors":"Mohammed Asif, Sameer Shrikhande, Hardik Pingale, Abhishek Joshi, Prof. Priyanka Sonawane","doi":"10.36713/epra16515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16515","url":null,"abstract":"Effective communication is a cornerstone of human interaction, fostering societal cohesion and development. Throughout history, communication has evolved from primitive drawings to complex languages, shaping our societys fabric. However, amidst this progression, individuals with speech and hearing impairments have often faced significant challenges in communication. Despite constituting a minority, their needs are paramount and must not be overlooked. Recognizing the diverse classification of languages into verbal and non-verbal forms, it becomes evident that non-verbal languages play a crucial role, especially for Individuals with Hearing and Speech Impairments (IWSHI). These individuals rely on non-verbal communication methods to interact with the world around them, yet they often face barriers due to the lack of understanding and accessibility. To address this challenge, the HSLR app serves as a transformative tool, enabling IWSHI to communicate confidently. Leveraging technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Machine Learning (ML), our app facilitates real-time recognition of hand signs, providing instantaneous translations for seamless communication. Additionally, the integration of AR technology enhances the user experience, offering immersive and interactive sign-language communication platforms. The MediaPipe model used in real-time achieves high accuracy in recognizing sign language due to the ample dataset we provided. \u0000KEY WORDS: Hand Sign Language Recognition (HSLR), Augmented Reality (AR), Machine Learning (ML), American Sign Language (ASL), Computer Vision, MediaPipe","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"118 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140678500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF AMPHOTERICIN B LOADED NANOSPONGES FOR TOPICAL DELIVERY","authors":"Pasupuleti chandana, Gnana kumar Ragineedi, Palla Sneha, Perumalla Pooja, Neerudu Sai Ram, Sufiyan Ali, Harish Reddy Kumbham","doi":"10.36713/epra16413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16413","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, solvent evaporation was used to create nanosponges, which were then combined with Amphotericin B to create a gel. The Nanosponges formulations were made utilising the solvent evaporation process with PVA acting as a co-polymer and rate-retarders HP-β Cyclodextrin and HPMC K4M. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to determine the drugs compatibility with formulation ingredients. We looked at the drug entrapment effectiveness, production yield, and surface shape of nanosponges. Using scanning electron microscopy, the Nanosponges shape and surface morphology were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the Nanosponges were spherical and porous. SEM images showed that the Nanosponges were spherical in all of their variations, but at larger ratios, drug crystals were visible on the surface of the nanosponge. An increase in the polymer concentration led to an increase in the drug/polymer ratio (1:1 to 1:3), which is growing in order. However, beyond a certain concentration, it was found that the particle size reduced as the drug-to-polymer ratio developed. All formulations have an average particle size that falls between 331.5 and 463.9 nm. The range of 82.21 to 97.78% was found for the drug content of various formulations. The drug release of the optimised formulation was found to be 94.92 % in 9 hours, while the entrapment efficiency of the other formulations ranged from 92.75 to 94.45%. According to stability experiments, the optimised gel formulation remained stable for a period of 15 days.\u0000KEYWORDS - Amphotericin B, HP β-Cyclodextrin, Nanosponges, Drug Delivery System.","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"114 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Goddy Chukuma, Dr. Joseph Ogbu, Dr. Charles Thompson
{"title":"PATTERN, PREDICTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF STUDENTS’ CLASSROOM CONDUCT DISORDERS IN POLYTECHNICS IN NIGERIA","authors":"Dr. Goddy Chukuma, Dr. Joseph Ogbu, Dr. Charles Thompson","doi":"10.36713/epra16479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16479","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the pattern, predictors and management of students classroom conduct disorders in polytechnics in Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. 390 randomly selected lecturers from 13 polytechnics as sample. The sample consisted of 236 (60.5%) males and 154 (39.5%) females, federal polytechnics 129 (33%),\u0000state polytechnics 151 (39%) and private polytechnics 110 (28%). Three instruments (Pattern of Classroom Conduct Disorders Index, Predictors of Classroom Conduct Disorders Scale and Management of Classroom Conduct Disorders Checklist) were used for data collection. Two tailed t-test was used to test for significance on the pattern, predictors and management of classroom conduct disorders. Based on the results, significant difference was found in the mean response of male and female lecturers in the\u000011 (P – CCDI) subscales measured on the pattern of students classroom conduct disorders. Also, significant difference was found in the mean response of male and female lecturers in 3 (P – CCDS) subscales measured on the predictors of students classroom disorders. A further significant difference was found in the mean response of male and female lecturers in 9 (M – CCDC) subscales measured on the impact of lecturers management strategies of students classroom conduct disorders. It was recommended among others that federal and state governments should resuscitate bursary and scholarship awards for students, polytechnic management should develop. Strategies in dealing with students having personality abnormalities and polytechnic management should ensure that lecturers abide by the terms of their employment in order to maintain acceptable conduct.","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"104 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ISANG DISKURSONG PAGSUSURI SA ANTAS NG WIKA NA GINAMIT NG MGA MAG-AARAL SA KANILANG ISINULAT NA SPOKEN WORD POETRY","authors":"Deah Mae M. Masinadiong, Vicente A. Pines","doi":"10.36713/epra16486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16486","url":null,"abstract":"Ang layunin ng diskursong pagsusuri na pananaliksik na ito ay makagawa ng isang diskursong pag-aanalisa sa antas ng wika na ginagamit ng mga piling mag-aaral sa pagsulat ng kanilang spoken word poetry. Bilang karagdagan, layunin nito na matukoy ang antas ng wika na ginamit nila sa kanilang pagsulat ng spoken word poetry at mapag-alaman kung paano nakaaapekto ang kaalaman sa paggamit ng iba’t ibang antas ng wika sa pagbuo ng kaisipan o kahulugan ng kanilang tulang isinulat bilang isang uri ng panitikan. Ang pananaliksik na ito ay nakatuon lamang sa pagsusuri ng mga antas nga wika na ginamit ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 sa pagsulat ng kanilang orihinal na spoken word poetry. Aabot sa 30 akda ang ginamit sa pananaliksik na ito. Pumili ang mananaliksik ng mga mag-aaral mula sa iisang paaralan mula sa Sangay ng Davao Oriental. Ang mga tema ayon sa antas ng wika na natagpuan sa mga piling akda ay ang sumusunod: impormal na wika – balbal, kolokyal, lalawiganin; at pormal na wika. Samantala, ang mga temang nabuo mula sa paghimay-himay sa mga taludtod at saknong upang masagutan ang pangalawang tanong ay ang sumusunod: mga kabiguan ng pusong nagmamahal, mga paghanga ng pusong nagmamahal, at mga kahilingan ng pusong nagmamahal. Gayundin, ang mga temang nabuo mula sa paghimay-himay sa mga taludtod at saknong upang masagutan ang pangatlong tanong ay ang sumusunod: nakapaglalarawan ng ideya, nakapagpapahayag ng damdamin, at nakagagawa ng mga simbolismo. Ang aking pag-aaral ay mahalaga dahil ito ay nagbibigay-diin sa kahalagahan ng pagsusuri sa antas ng wika sa spoken word poetry, na nagpapalalim sa ating pag-unawa sa kultura at lipunan. Ito ay nagbubukas ng mga pinto ng kaalaman at kaalaman sa mga damdamin at ideya na ipinapahayag ng mga manunulat sa kanilang mga tula. Sa pamamagitan ng pag-unawa sa mga antas ng wika na ginagamit sa spoken word poetry.","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"211 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sravya B, Eeda Keerthi, Kodiganti Mamatha, Cankara Aishwarya, Gunturi Srilekha, G Jesu Deepika, Kankamamidi Maheshwar Reddy
{"title":"EVALUATION OF HYDRO ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM INFORTUNATUM LEAF FOR ANTIASTHEMATIC ACTIVITY","authors":"Sravya B, Eeda Keerthi, Kodiganti Mamatha, Cankara Aishwarya, Gunturi Srilekha, G Jesu Deepika, Kankamamidi Maheshwar Reddy","doi":"10.36713/epra16461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16461","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is directed towards the hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum leaf categorized by antiasthmatic plants. Many herbal formulations are available for asthma but scientific validation and standardization is very difficult for this formulations. Phytochemical evaluation of the crude drugs such as ash value, extractive value were carried out and complies the limit given by quality standards of medicinal plants (ICMR). The fingerprint analysis was carried out for the Clerodendrum infortunatum, and compared the Rf values with gallic acid for the confirmation. The prepared hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum was subjected to determination of physical and chemical evaluations and the results complies as per the standards. The pharmacological findings concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum serratum could reverse asthmatic condition and reduced the total and differential WBC cell count in BALF, retained protein and MDA level in lung tissue, increased intact mast cells thus preventing its degranulation and mediators release. This Polyherbal hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum serratum formulation is could be a promising new therapeutic approach for the treatment of clinical asthma.The stability studies and clinical trials to be carried out in future.","PeriodicalId":114964,"journal":{"name":"EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)","volume":"100 S398","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}