Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721最新文献

{"title":"Estudio de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón utilizando el vidrio finamente molido en reemplazo parcial del cemento","authors":"Sophía Moncerrat Alvarado Mera, Andy Gabriel Vélez Soledispa, Wilter Enrique Ruíz Párraga, E. Ortiz Hernández, C. M. Jarre Castro","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i2.2187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i2.2187","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000El hormigón obtenido a partir de vidrio finamente molido es una línea de investigación a nuevos materiales, basados en el ahorro del cemento y a su vez en la disminución del dióxido de carbono a la atmósfera para obtener un material constructivo más eficiente y sostenible. Con el propósito de buscar una solución para la fabricación de hormigones, la utilización del vidrio finamente molido como reemplazo parcial del cemento es una de las alternativas para integrarlo al proceso constructivo, cuyo objetivo es disminuir el empleo de materias primas no renovables, utilizando materiales reciclados con excelentes características de resistencia y durabilidad. En la presente investigación se estudió la resistencia a compresión del hormigón, usando vidrio finamente molido, sustituyéndolo en porcentajes del 5%, 10% y 15% en reemplazo parcial del cemento. Se elaboraron probetas de hormigón convencional y probetas de hormigón con adición de vidrio finamente molido, a cada probeta experimentada se le realizó el ensayo de resistencia a compresión del hormigón en un tiempo máximo de curado húmedo de 56 días. Se realizó la comparación entre el hormigón sin adición y el hormigón con porcentajes de vidrio finamente molido, llegando a la conclusión que el vidrio sustituido al 15% como reemplazo parcial del cemento disminuye su resistencia a compresión. \u0000  \u0000Palabras claves — vidrio finamente molido, resistencia a compresión, hormigón, adición, cemento. \u0000  \u0000Abstract  \u0000 The concrete obtained from finely ground glass is a line of investigation to new materials, based on the saving of cement and in turn on the reduction of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere to obtain a more efficient and sustainable construction material. \u0000In order to find a solution for the manufacture of concrete, the use of finely ground glass as a partial replacement of cement is one of the alternatives to integrate it into the construction process, whose aim is to reduce the use of non-renewable raw materials, using recycled materials with excellent strength and durability characteristics. In this research, the compressive strength of concrete was studied, using finely ground glass, replacing it in percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% in partial replacement of cement. Conventional concrete test pieces and concrete test pieces with the addition of finely ground glass were produced and each tested test piece was tested for the compressive strength of the concrete within a maximum curing time of 56 days \u0000A comparison was made between aggregate concrete and concrete with finely ground glass percentages, concluding that glass replaced at 15% as a partial replacement for cement decreases its compressive strength. \u0000  \u0000Index Terms — finely ground glass, compressive strength, concrete, addition, cement.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133460357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinación de la resistencia a la compresión de bloques, utilizando para su construcción, una mezcla de cemento, arena y triturados de ladrillos artesanales.","authors":"Jonathan Andrés Carmigniani Macías, Francisco Manuel Vera Coox, Angie Nicole Briones Ponce, Wilter Enrique Ruiz Párraga, María Shirlendy Guerrero Alcívar","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1941","url":null,"abstract":"La reutilización de materiales de construcción es importante porque disminuye la cantidad de residuos que se encuentran sin utilidad alguna o que se acumulan y queman en basurales a cielo abierto generando contaminación. \u0000Con el propósito de buscar una solución para la fabricación de hormigones, fundamentados en el reciclado de escombros de construcción y demolición de obras, en particular a la reutilización de los bloques arcilla cocida (ladrillos), se tiene una alternativa que favorece a los procesos constructivos en el desarrollo urbano de las ciudades. \u0000En la presente investigación se estudió el comportamiento del hormigón al sustituir distintos porcentajes de áridos gruesos, por material reciclado como los ladrillos de arcilla provenientes de escombros. Para esto se elaboraron mezclas con distintos porcentajes de material reciclado. En cada probeta ensayada se realizaron los ensayos de resistividad superficial y el ensayo de resistencia a la compresión del hormigón a los 28 días de curado húmedo. \u0000Se realizó la comparación entre el hormigón sin material reciclado y los hormigones que contenían los porcentajes de ladrillos triturados como agregados gruesos. llegando a la conclusión que los ladrillos provenientes del reciclaje, solo se puede utilizar en porcentajes inferiores al 10% en la fabricación de hormigón, porque al incrementarse este material, se generan decrementos de resistencias a la compresión en el hormigón fabricado. \u0000Términos del índice— hormigón, ladrillo, resistencia a la compresión, resistividad superficial.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"3 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120861299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metodología para proyección de la demanda eléctrica en zonas con un desarrollo cercano a la saturación demográfica.","authors":"Iván Patricio Pazmiño Ordóñez, Hugo Pico Mera, Alejandro Abril Chafla","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1946","url":null,"abstract":"La planificación de los sistemas de distribución exige conocer la demanda de la carga por atender en sus dimensiones geográficas y temporales. La determinación de la demanda total de una zona no es suficiente para proyectar la expansión de una red de distribución, por esa razón, se requiere conocer la ubicación geográfica dentro del área, con las magnitudes correspondientes y a lo largo del tiempo para el que se desarrolla el estudio. \u0000De ahí que la proyección de la demanda por pequeñas áreas, objetivo del presente trabajo, sea de capital importancia para el sistema de distribución. En este documento se presenta una propuesta metodológica innovadora para realizar la proyección de demanda geográficamente distribuida, con base en la aplicación específica a la zona con la mayor densidad de carga eléctrica de la ciudad de Quito, conocida también como el Centro Norte de la ciudad.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121679388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contaminación atmosférica y aerobiología del casco urbano de Calceta-Manabí","authors":"Holanda Teresa Vivas Saltos, Laura G. Mendoza Cedeño, Julio Abel Loureiro Salabarría, María Isabel Delgado Moreira, María F. Pincay Cantos, Verónica Monserrate Vera Villamil","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1945","url":null,"abstract":"air pollution and noise generation represent environmental risk factors for public health in Calceta. Due to the lack of information on air pollutants, the objective of this work was to estimate the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), sedimentary particulate matter (SPM), sound pressure level (SPL) and aerobic bacteria in the urban area of ​​the Calceta. 18 data collection points were established covering an area of ​​6.9 km2; the concentration of CO was measured with a portable detector; the MPS collection was carried out during 30 days continuously by passive method; for the NPS measurements, the 15-second method (Leq-15s) was applied; Aerobiology was performed in Petri dishes with nutrient medium. The concentration of CO in a sector of the urban area of ​​Calceta has an arithmetic mean of 5804,26 μg/m3 and according to the EPA this level is capable of affecting the population in general. The levels of SPM and SPL reflect the breach of the limits established in the national regulations for both pollutants. Bacterial concentrations were lower than 500 CFU/m3. The present study is a baseline in air quality that will allow in perspective the implementation of measures for the benefit of public health. \u0000Index Terms— Environmental monitoring, lung diseases, air \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125755404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Las técnicas participativas como un recurso potenciador del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje del Inglés a los estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí","authors":"María Dolores Chávez Loor, K. Mendoza, Carlos Chancay, M. Donoso, Yadira del Pilar Chávez Loor","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1944","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to briefly present the results of the research: \"Application of participatory techniques to enhance the teaching-learning process of English to students of the Technical University of Manabí\" (UTM) to determine the contribution of the participatory techniques in this process through the identification of the appropriate techniques used by the teacher based on the needs required to obtain meaningful learning in the students, of which the most relevant are the participatory techniques for the consolidation and communications phase. The methodology used in the research was based on the application of a survey to the fifth level students of different UTM careers, which included seven closed questions, and the application of an interview to teachers who teach the subject of English, the results obtained from these instruments facilitated the obtaining of information for the development of this study. The results obtained in the investigation determined that the application of participatory techniques is important because they are an instrument of interaction between teachers and students during the teaching - learning process so that the student acquires and assimilates more efficiently the knowledge imparted. \u0000  \u0000Index Terms— participatory techniques, teaching-learning process, meaningful learning.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132793023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variaciones de los niveles de mercurio y zinc en agua y sedimentos de la subcuenca del río Carrizal, Manabí","authors":"A. M. A. Ortiz, P. Noles, Julio Loureiro, Fabian Peñarrieta, Carlos Banchón, Francisco Alcántara","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1942","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive concentrations of mercury and zinc in natural sources are a risk to human health and to the development of adequate aquatic life. In the present study, the concentrations of Hg and Zn in samples of water and sediment from the Carrizal River (Cantón Bolívar, Manabí) were determined in two periods (August and October). In addition, 5 sampling points were characterized at La Esperanza reservoir, 7 at Carrizal river micro-basin, and 9 at the river sub-basin, covering an area of 51 km. The concentrations of Hg and Zn in the sediments were significantly higher than the concentrations obtained in the water. The contents of Hg in water and sediments of Carrizal River exceeded the safety limits established by national and international regulations; while the Zn concentrations obtained are considered to be a risk for aquatic life. \u0000Index Terms—bioaccumulation, adsorption, environmental pollution, heavy metals","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130965156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioestabilización de excretas avícolas mediante microorganismos eficientes para el control de la contaminación ambiental","authors":"Ayda De La Cruz Balón, J. Calderón, A. M. A. Ortiz, Hugo Cobeña, M. Mendoza","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1943","url":null,"abstract":"In the city of Calceta (Manabí, Ecuador) three poultry farms have been identified for the production of eggs, which do not perform any treatment of the excreta of the laying birds, which leads to the generation of gases and bad odors that affect the population. The present work analyzes the efficiency in the reduction of air pollution when treating poultry excreta with different doses of efficient microorganisms (EMs). The experiment was designed in a unifactorial way with four treatments, based on 5 Kg of poultry excreta. Volumetric doses were added in the following order: 0,5; 1,0; and 1,5 liters of EMs; while, 1 liter of water was added as control. The monitoring parameters were pH, humidity, ammonium and the number of colonies of Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and yeasts. The biostabilization process was evaluated with two measurements, the first at 10 days and the second at 20 days of application of the EMs. The results show that at 20 days the pH values ​​reached ranges between 8,3 and 7,6; a decrease in ammonium concentrations from 3,14 mg/L to 0,60 mg/L was achieved; in the case of humidity, there was a decrease of approximately 50%, which affected the decrease of the microbial population of yeasts, Bacillus spp., and Lactobacillus spp. in more than 90%. In conclusion, the efficient microorganisms allow the reduction of more than 70% of bad odors represented by ammonia, generated by the accumulation of poultry excreta. \u0000Index Terms— Efficient microorganisms, poultry, wastes, air contamination, aerobiology, pathogens","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121376550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valoración de la escorrentía de las colinas de la ciudad de Portoviejo","authors":"Antonio Fermin Campos Cedeno, Pedro Alexander Salas Guillén, Junior Orlando Mendoza Alava","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1938","url":null,"abstract":"Portoviejo, capital of the province of Manabí, founded on March 12, 1535, is one of the oldest cities on the Ecuadorian coast. It is characterized by a stable temperate climate with an annual average temperature of around 24⁰C. The average rainfall for the years 2000 to 2009 is 596.20 mm per year, the wettest years are 2000 with 733 mm and 2008 with 823 mm; while the driest are 2001, 2003, and 2009 with rainfall below 500 mm. Maximum precipitation values ​​in 1997 and 1998 for the El Niño phenomenon. The city is located in a valley, whose average elevation has been estimated at 40.00 meters above sea level, and in the northeast and southwest areas it is limited by hills whose maximum levels oscillate between 250 ~ 300 meters above sea level. The parishes of Progreso, Pacheco, San Pablo and Briones are located in the lower part of the hills of the northeast sector. During the rainy season they experience landslide problems, with consequent flooding due to surface runoff and water erosion. zone. \u0000For the control of runoff there is a sewer system, which is insufficient, since the lower area is flooded, causing year-to-year urban problems of vehicular and human traffic, in addition to material losses. \u0000With the purpose of contributing with design elements that allow to diagnose the current situation of the runoff and its control works, in the present work, based on the methodology proposed by the Soil Conservation Service of the United States (Soil Conservation Service - SCS), complemented with the techniques of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), runoff was estimated by sector for return periods 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years. \u0000Index Terms — Hydrology, rainfall, return periods, climate change, runoff control","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125535924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realidad actual del sector eléctrico ecuatoriano","authors":"Anthony Vera Vera, Ney Raúl Balderramo Vélez, Gabriel Enrique Pico Mera, Eliece Rodríguez Indarte, M. Cedeño","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1939","url":null,"abstract":"The present work has as objective to make an approximation to the description of the Ecuadorian electrical sector, in its beginnings of creation and conformation until its current reality, to contextualize the Ecuadorian electric panorama. In this sector, it will modernize according to new technological trends that seek to optimize the use of natural resources to provide electric power service with the responsibility and regulations required for the care of the environment. \u0000Index Terms— electric market, economic deficit, electricity generation, new technologies.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128253085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empleo del software smart view 4.3 como clasificador de escenarios para detección de puntos calientes","authors":"I. Navarrete, Marco Bastidas, D. Díaz, Yolanda Llosas, S. Cano","doi":"10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33936/riemat.v4i1.1940","url":null,"abstract":"En el trabajo se aborda la detección de puntos calientes en líneas de distribución que se presentan en las líneas de la parroquia Crucita, realizándose el estudio en los alimentadores Crucita y San Clemente a 13.8 kV. Se describe cómo detectar la existencia de puntos calientes en los diferentes elementos de las estructuras que conforman las líneas eléctricas citadas, a partir del empleo de tecnologías novedosas como es la incorporación de cámaras termográficas para la obtención de las imágenes que corresponden a diferentes escenarios de trabajo, así como el empleo del software Smart View 4.3, permitiendo clasificar la existencia de puntos calientes y datos de gran interés para el trabajo de predicción, para indicar los elementos que necesiten mantenimiento ya sean preventivos, predictivos o correctivos aplicando las medidas de actuación requeridas para garantizar una mejor calidad del servicio eléctrico con seguridad de suministro eléctrico. \u0000Palabras clave: seguridad de suministro, puntos calientes, cámara termográfica, software, mantenimiento, líneas de transmisión.","PeriodicalId":114933,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Investigaciones en Energía, Medio Ambiente y Tecnología: RIEMAT ISSN: 2588-0721","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115369165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}