Eating behaviors最新文献

{"title":"Community norms of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) in transgender and gender-diverse adults","authors":"Jason M. Nagata ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Otmar ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Lee ,&nbsp;Emilio J. Compte ,&nbsp;Jason M. Lavender ,&nbsp;Tiffany A. Brown ,&nbsp;Kelsie T. Forbush ,&nbsp;Annesa Flentje ,&nbsp;Micah E. Lubensky ,&nbsp;Mitchell R. Lunn ,&nbsp;Juno Obedin-Maliver","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals are at a higher risk for eating disorders, yet existing community norms for many eating disorder measures predominantly derive from cisgender populations. This study aimed to establish community norms for the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) among TGD adults (Forbush et al., 2013). The sample included 1206 gender-diverse people, 599 transgender men, and 293 transgender women from The PRIDE Study, a national longitudinal cohort of sexual and gender minority adults in the United States. We report mean scores, standard deviations, medians, interquartile ranges, and percentile ranks for the eight EPSI scales within TGD populations. Transgender women exhibited significantly higher scores on the Cognitive Restraint, Excessive Exercise, and Negative Attitudes Toward Obesity scales compared to transgender men and gender-diverse people. Conversely, transgender men showed significantly higher scores on the Muscle Building scale relative to transgender women and gender-diverse people. These findings suggest distinct patterns of eating pathology symptoms among TGD individuals and emphasize the need for clinicians to consider gender identity when assessing eating disorder symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond thinness: The contribution of muscularity-oriented disordered eating to clinical impairment across cultures","authors":"Lisa Y. Zhu ,&nbsp;Taylor N. Breddy ,&nbsp;Reza N. Sahlan ,&nbsp;Kerstin K. Blomquist ,&nbsp;Lindsay P. Bodell","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Muscularity-oriented disordered eating (MODE) has been linked to negative outcomes, even when controlling for thinness-oriented disordered eating; however, its contribution to clinical impairment across demographic groups remains understudied. This study examined whether MODE independently contributes to clinical impairment while accounting for cognitive restraint, restricting, and purging, and whether this relationship differs by gender and country. Female (<em>n</em> = 1575) and male (<em>n</em> = 906) students from Canada, the United States, and Iran completed self-report measures of MODE, thinness-oriented disordered eating, and clinical impairment. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with gender and country as moderators. Analyses were pre-registered on Open Science Framework. The addition of MODE to the model significantly accounted for 11 % of unique variance in clinical impairment. No significant moderation effects of gender and country were found. Results suggest that across women and men from both Western and non-Western cultural contexts, the unique aspects of MODE are associated with disruptions in daily functioning in multiple domains. These findings challenge the belief that dieting for muscularity is inherently beneficial for well-being. More clinical attention on MODE is warranted, such as targeted prevention and treatment efforts that address MODE specifically, rather than conceptualizing it as an extension of thinness-oriented eating disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency medical reviews and medical admission transfers during psychiatric inpatient eating disorders unit treatment","authors":"Natalie Seiler ,&nbsp;Benjamin Ziegeler ,&nbsp;Natalie Sacco ,&nbsp;Nardine Elzahaby ,&nbsp;Karen Gwee","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There is limited information regarding emergency medical reviews (EMRs) and medical admission transfers for psychiatric eating disorders inpatients. We aimed to describe (i) EMRs during psychiatric inpatient eating disorders treatment at the Eating Disorders Unit (EDU), Austin Hospital in Melbourne, Victoria, and (ii) medical admission transfers during EDU admissions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective review of patient files was undertaken for inpatients aged 18–65 years with an eating disorder who resided within the Body Image &amp; Eating Disorders Treatment &amp; Recovery Service (BETRS) catchment area and were admitted to EDU between 01/01/21 to 30/10/23.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 177 EDU admissions there were 33 EMRs and 17 medical transfers. On average, inpatients with EMRs or medical transfers were older with greater medical multimorbidity or polypharmacy, and a higher proportion of atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa – binge/purge subtype. EMR indications included postural tachycardia, hypotension, sinus tachycardia, hypokalaemia, hypoglycaemia, altered conscious state, and chest pain. Medical admission indications included refeeding in the setting of vital sign derangement, intravenous potassium, vital sign derangement or falls attributed to antipsychotic use, infection, abdominal pain, and self-harm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early medical assessment and intensive monitoring are recommended for older patients with greater medical multimorbidity/polypharmacy, orthostasis, or higher risk of electrolyte instability. Caution should be undertaken regarding antipsychotic use in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived effects of body positive social media content and correlations with trait body image","authors":"Rachel F. Rodgers ,&nbsp;Genevieve P. Nowicki ,&nbsp;Eleanor H. Wertheim ,&nbsp;Susan Paxton","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body positive social media content has been described as less detrimental for body image as compared to idealized body-focused social media content. However, little work has explored who finds these posts helpful. This is an important gap, as individuals who are positive towards such content are more likely to engage with it and thus find more of it in their recommended content. The aims of the study were to examine (1) reactions to body positive social media content and (2) their associations with dimensions of body image among young women. A sample of 135 undergraduate women completed an online survey. Participants viewed two different body positive social media posts and for each indicated their reactions on visual analog scales before completing measures of trait body image. One post included only text while the other featured a group of diverse women. Findings revealed that, across dimensions and posts, favorable and positive reactions were more common than negative ones. However, the group image elicited higher ratings of feeling happy, good about one's body, and ok with one's looks, and lower feelings of anxiety and embarrassment. Correlational analyses revealed trait indices of positive body image were associated with higher positive reactions to posts (happy, good about body, OK with looks) and lower negative reactions (embarrassed, anxious, bad about body, motivated to change looks), while indices of poor body image were associated with lower positive and higher negative reactions. Findings suggest body positive social media might be most useful for maintaining positive body image.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfectionism and disordered eating in exercise and nutrition professionals: The role of self-compassion","authors":"Maryam Marashi ,&nbsp;Danika A. Quesnel ,&nbsp;Erin K. O'Loughlin ,&nbsp;David M. Brown ,&nbsp;Catherine M. Sabiston","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disordered eating (DE) is more prevalent among exercise and nutrition professionals (ENPs) which may be partially due to heightened levels of perfectionism. Self-actualizing strategies such as self-compassion may offer protection against DE but are not well-understood among health and wellness professionals. This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between multidimensional perfectionism (self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented perfectionism) and a two-factor model of DE: (i) weight and shape concerns and (ii) food preoccupation, among ENPs (<em>N</em> = 93; mean age = 33.5; 88.2 % women). Self-compassion was tested as a potential moderating factor. All three dimensions of perfectionism were positively associated with both DE factors. Self-compassion significantly moderated the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and weight and shape concerns (b = −0.51, SE = 0.22, <em>p</em> = .023). Similarly, self-compassion moderated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and food preoccupation (b = −0.39, SE = 0.19, <em>p</em> = .05). Findings suggest that self-compassion may help reduce the impact of perfectionism on DE risk in ENPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acculturative stress, body image ideals, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology among Black, Asian, and Latina women","authors":"Taryn Henning ,&nbsp;Drew M. Parton ,&nbsp;Marisol Perez ,&nbsp;An Pham ,&nbsp;Ann F. Haynos ,&nbsp;Suzanne E. Mazzeo","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research supports the relation between acculturative stress and eating pathology across racially and ethnically diverse groups of women. However, relatively few studies have examined mechanisms of this link. The current study addressed these gaps by examining the potential roles of thin-, muscular-, and hourglass-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction as mediators of the relation between acculturative stress and eating pathology among Asian, Black, and Latina women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult women from across the United States (Asian <em>N</em> = 308; Black <em>N</em> = 389; Latina <em>N</em> = 234) completed measures of acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology. Analyses investigated the direct and indirect roles of body image ideal internalization (thin-, muscular-, hourglass-) and body dissatisfaction as mediators of the relation between acculturative stress and eating pathology in each racial and ethnic group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results identified a significant association between acculturative stress and eating pathology among all three groups of women (Asian, Black, and Latina). Also, across all groups, thin-, muscular-, and hourglass-ideal internalization mediated the relation between acculturative stress and eating pathology. Finally, body dissatisfaction mediated the relation between acculturative stress and eating pathology within the subsamples of Asian and Black women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Interventions addressing eating disorder symptoms and body image could benefit from incorporating content related to acculturative stress and the impact of diverse body ideals, including thin, muscular, and hourglass, to enhance support for Black, Latina, and Asian women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic identity, body appreciation, and intuitive eating in a national sample of U.S. adults","authors":"Mengyuan Xia ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Harriger ,&nbsp;Khanh Bui ,&nbsp;Loan P. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current research on eating behaviors and body image has shifted from an emphasis on disordered eating and body dissatisfaction to a broader approach that incorporates adaptive eating and positive body image. This study explored the direct relationships among body appreciation, intuitive eating, and ethnic identity in a representative sample of U.S. participants, while also examining whether ethnic identity moderated the link between body appreciation and intuitive eating. A total of 1018 U.S. adults were recruited through Qualtrics to complete an online survey. Zero-order Pearson correlations were used to analyze the direct relationships among the variables, and multiple regression was conducted to investigate the potential moderating role of ethnic identity. The findings revealed that higher levels of body appreciation were associated with greater intuitive eating, aligning with previous research and confirming this relationship within a representative U.S. sample. Furthermore, individuals with a stronger ethnic identity tended to have a slightly more positive body image and engage in intuitive eating. However, ethnic identity did not moderate the relationship between body appreciation and intuitive eating. These results highlight the importance of promoting body appreciation as a means to foster healthier eating behaviors across diverse groups. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples are needed to further examine how ethnic identity relates to body image and eating behaviors across different racial and ethnic groups. Despite its limitations, this research underscores the potential benefits of body appreciation in improving individuals' relationships with food, regardless of their background.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of hyper-palatable foods in energy intake measured using mobile food photography methodology","authors":"Daiil Jun ,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Girard ,&nbsp;Corby K. Martin ,&nbsp;Tera L. Fazzino","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hyper-palatable foods (HPF) contain nutrient combinations that are hypothesized to maximize their rewarding effects during consumption. Due to their strong reinforcing properties, HPF are hypothesized to lead to greater energy intake within a meal. However, this premise has not been tested in free-living conditions. The current study examined the association between within-meal HPF intake and 1) measured energy intake and 2) self-reported overeating, assessed within eating occasions using smartphone-based food photography methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 29 participants reported food intake and eating experiences (<em>N</em>=345 total eating occasions) in real-time for 4 days using smartphone-based food photography methodology. HPF were identified using a standardized definition. Bayesian multilevel modeling was conducted to investigate the within-person effects of proportional calorie intake from HPF (%kcal from HPF) on total energy intake and subjective overeating. Pre-meal hunger and proportional energy intake from high energy dense (HED) foods were included as covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results revealed that when participants consumed more %kcal from HPF than their average, they consumed greater total energy during eating occasions, even when controlling for pre-meal hunger and %kcal from HED foods (median β = 0.09, 95% HDI [0.02, 0.16], pd. = 99.56%). Additionally, consuming more %kcal from HPF than average was associated with greater eating despite feeling full, when controlling covariates (median β = 0.15, 95% HDI [-0.02, 0.34], pd = 96.45%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings supported the premise that HPF themselves may yield greater energy intake and eating despite satiation, measured in real-time and free-living conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A formative study of grandparent caregivers' grandchild feeding responsibilities and practices","authors":"Elder Garcia Varela ,&nbsp;Michelle E. Clayson ,&nbsp;Heidi M. Weeks ,&nbsp;Carmen Ramos ,&nbsp;Kira S. Birditt ,&nbsp;Melissa N. Laska ,&nbsp;Jess Haines ,&nbsp;Alison L. Miller ,&nbsp;Katherine W. Bauer","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In the US, grandparents are increasingly living with their grandchildren in multigenerational households and/or providing their grandchildren with regular childcare. However, our understanding of the potential for these grandparents to influence children's nutrition and weight status is limited. This formative study aimed to 1) describe the scope of caregiving grandparents' grandchild-focused food responsibilities and practices, including agreement and discordance with parents' food parenting practices, and 2) assess the internal reliability and acceptability of an adapted CFPQ to measure grandparents' food parenting practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-two grandparents residing with and/or providing regular childcare for their 3 to 5-year-old grandchild enrolled. Data from interviews and closed-ended survey questions were analyzed to identify prevalent food-related responsibilities and practices. Grandparents also completed an adapted version of the CFPQ and provided feedback on applicability and face validity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over 80 % of grandparents were at least “sometimes” responsible for planning, preparing, and serving meals and snacks to their grandchild. Cooking, baking, and eating together were common. While many grandparents reported agreeing with their grandchild's parents' food parenting practices, others felt parents were either too lax or too strict. Only 5 of 12 subscales of the CFPQ demonstrated strong internal reliability when used with grandparents; some grandparents reported difficulty completing the CFPQ as they were not with the grandchildren for all eating occasions, and their feeding practices varied over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Many caregiving grandparents have significant responsibility for their grandchildren's nutrition environments. Identifying how grandparents' food responsibilities and practices influence children's nutrition and weight status, independently and in conjunction with parents' practices, is a high priority. Grandparent-specific measures of food parenting are needed to advance this research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unhealthy app use and dietary restraint among young adults: The moderating role of body appreciation","authors":"Selena G. Courtness,&nbsp;Alexis R. Foulstone","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Health and fitness apps that integrate wearable-device data have increased in popularity for self-monitoring of body appearance and weight goals. However, limited research has explored their potential to promote unhealthy eating behaviors. This study assessed body appreciation as a moderator of the relationship between health and fitness app use and dietary restraint.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 126 young adults (<span><math><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>age</mi></msub></math></span> = 20.8 <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 2.2 years, 65.9 % women) completed an online survey incorporating the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) and frequency of app usage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that app use significantly and positively predicted dietary restraint, explaining 33.2 % of the variance (<span><math><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span>= 0.33, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), with a combined large effect (<span><math><msup><mi>f</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> = 0.50). Body appreciation moderated this relationship, accounting for an additional 3.2 % of the variance (<em>p</em> = .018). Further analysis indicated for individuals with higher levels of body appreciation (above 2.95; 70.6 % of the sample), app use was significantly associated with dietary restraint.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate that dietary restraint was associated with one-third of young adults who use health and fitness apps. Unexpectedly, young adults with high body appreciation who actively engage with these apps report intentions to restrict food intake. It remains unclear whether app-related goal-setting features influence caloric restriction. Incorporating health warnings in apps and personalizing app interactions to discourage extreme goal setting may help protect those individuals at risk of developing eating disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}