Eating behaviors最新文献

{"title":"Dietary restraint and emotional eating mediate the relationship between negative body image and diet quality in U.S. Army Soldiers","authors":"Bridget A. Owens ,&nbsp;Julianna M. Jayne ,&nbsp;Renee E. Cole ,&nbsp;J. Philip Karl","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body composition requirements for U.S. Army Soldiers may increase risk of negative body image and unhealthy dietary behaviors, which may in turn lead to poor nutrition. This study aimed to determine whether negative body image was associated with worse diet quality in U.S. Army Soldiers and whether dietary restraint and emotional eating served as mediators. A cross-sectional study of U.S. Army Soldiers who completed the Military Eating Behavior Survey was conducted (<em>N</em> = 427, 93 % male, 23 ± 5 years of age). Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) to assess total HEI, adequacy, and moderation components. Linear regression models were used to examine associations between body image, dietary restraint, emotional eating, and diet quality. Mediation models were tested to measure the indirect effect of dietary restraint and emotional eating on the association between body image and diet quality. Results demonstrated that higher concern with body image was associated with higher dietary restraint (<em>B</em> = 0.12, <em>p</em> &lt; .0001) and higher emotional eating (<em>B</em> = 0.07, <em>p</em> = .0001). Dietary restraint was positively associated with Total HEI-2015 score (<em>B</em> = 1.10, <em>p</em> &lt; .0001) and HEI-2015 moderation (<em>B</em> = 0.32, <em>p</em> &lt; .0001) and adequacy (<em>B</em> = 0.78, <em>p</em> &lt; .0001) scores. In mediation analyses, there was a significant indirect effect of body image on diet quality through restraint (<em>a:</em>0.25, <em>b:</em>0.41<em>, c’:</em>-0.12, <em>ab:</em>0.10; 95 % bootstrap CI: 0.06, 0.15) and emotional eating (<em>a:</em>0.18, <em>b:</em>-0.15, <em>c’:</em>0.05<em>, ab:</em>-0.04; 95 % bootstrap CI: −0.07, −0.01). Findings suggest that dietary restraint and emotional eating may be differentially associated with body image and diet quality. Whether these relationships persist over time is unclear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food addiction and personality traits: A three-levels meta-analysis of correlational studies","authors":"G. Rogier ,&nbsp;C. Ameglio ,&nbsp;G. Penco ,&nbsp;C.S. Pace ,&nbsp;S. Muzi ,&nbsp;A. Cornil ,&nbsp;P. Velotti","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Epidemiological and clinical studies highlighted that food addiction is a clinically relevant phenomenon. A large number of studies investigated its link with personality traits. However, a systematic overview and a meta-analysis of these results is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched for studies investigating the link between food addiction and personality traits on several academic databases. For each personality trait, we performed a three-level meta-analysis estimating the strength of its association with food addiction severity. The role of moderators was tested employing meta-regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The screening process led to the selection of 37 studies. Most contributions investigate impulsivity or the Cloninger's dimensions with the Impulsive Behavior Scale or the Temperament and Character Inventory respectively. An insufficient number of observations were retrieved to evaluate the association between food addiction severity and some personality traits such as those measured by the five-factor model. The highest effect sizes observed linked food addiction to low levels of self-directedness (<em>r</em> = −0.26), to high levels of both negative (<em>r</em> = 0.33) and positive (<em>r</em> = 0.27) urgency and to attentional impulsiveness (<em>r</em> = 0.31). Age and gender significantly moderated some of the effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>More research is needed to increase our knowledge regarding the association between food addiction severity and some personality traits. Results suggested that food addiction may be associated to the same personality traits that characterized addictions and eating disorders (e.g. harm avoidance and impulsivity), also revealing its specificity (i.e. the lack of significant association with reward dependence).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploration of generational status and enculturation as putative protective factors for disordered eating behaviors and cognitions among college students","authors":"Julia Yermash ,&nbsp;Tatyana Bidopia ,&nbsp;Yvette Karvay ,&nbsp;Haruka Minami ,&nbsp;Shane W. Kraus ,&nbsp;Natasha L. Burke","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Youth from immigrant families navigate multiple cultures concurrently, and culture largely influences how disordered eating behaviors and cognitions (DEBC) present. Enculturation (i.e., maintaining one's heritage traditions, values, beliefs, etc. while living within the dominant culture) may – in contrast to acculturation – function as a protective factor against DEBC and body-image issues. Considering eating disorders' deleterious outcomes, understanding whether enculturation can be leveraged to protect against DEBC is important; however, there is a dearth of research in this area. To address this gap, associations among generational status, enculturation, and DEBC (assessed by the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI)) were investigated in 467 college students using analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression models. Enculturation and generational status were associated as hypothesized, but positively, which was contrary to hypotheses. Generational status and enculturation did not individually influence DEBC, but generational status moderated the relationship between enculturation and Negative Attitudes toward Obesity, an EPSI subscale. Among the first-generation group, enculturation was positively associated with Negative Attitudes toward Obesity while for the third- and fourth-generation groups, enculturation was negatively associated with Negative Attitudes toward Obesity. The association between generational status, enculturation, and DEBC is nuanced and complex, but certain aspects of DEBC may be particularly important factors for first-generation individuals. Future research should investigate these relationships within specific cultural, racial, and ethnic groups and among non-college populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Eating Disorders-15 (ED-15) in Mexican patients across levels of care: Psychometric properties in a clinical sample","authors":"Eva Trujillo-ChiVacuán ,&nbsp;Emilio J. Compte ,&nbsp;Glenn Waller","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to validate the Eating Disorders-15 (ED-15) in a clinically diverse sample of Mexican patients with eating disorders (EDs). Given the increasing prevalence of EDs in Latin America and the need for validated assessment tools, this study evaluated the psychometric properties of the ED-15 in this specific cultural and clinical context.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 286 individuals diagnosed with EDs were recruited from a specialized treatment center in Mexico. Participants completed the ED-15, alongside the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire 7, the Body Shape Questionnaire-8, the Body Appreciation Scale-2, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Clinical Impairment Assessment. Confirmatory factor analyses tested four models, including the original two-factor model, a higher-order model, and a bi-factor model. Internal consistency, as well as convergent validity, were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The original two-factor model showed excellent fit and was retained as the final solution based on model parsimony, goodness-of-fit indices, and theoretical considerations. The ED-15 demonstrated high internal consistency (ω &gt; 0.80), strong positive associations with ED psychopathology, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and clinical impairment, and strong negative associations with body appreciation.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These findings support the reliability and validity of the ED-15 in a Mexican clinical sample. The study provides robust psychometric evidence for the use of the ED-15 in clinical and research settings in Latin America and highlights the importance of culturally validated brief instruments for assessing eating disorder symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medications as precipitating factors for potential eating disorders: A disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reports","authors":"Liyun Zheng ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Compared to psychosocial factors, medications remain less well recognized as precipitating factors for eating disorders. This study aims to identify medications potentially associated with eating disorders using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>FAERS reports related to potential eating disorders from January 2004 to December 2024 were retrieved. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to detect disproportionate signals, with Fisher's exact test and Bonferroni correction applied for adjustments in multiple comparisons. Drugs exhibiting significant positive signals (ROR 95 % confidence interval lower bound &gt;1, adjusted <em>p</em>-value &lt; 0.01) with over 100 reports were selected for LASSO regression analysis. Logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, and reporter type, was employed to identify precipitating drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 20,145 reports, 62.7 % involved females, with a median age of 59 years (interquartile range: 42–71). Thirty drugs showed significant positive signals. Nine potential precipitating medications were identified through LASSO and logistic regression, including octreotide, ribociclib, sunitinib, rivastigmine, everolimus, quetiapine, palbociclib, esomeprazole, and pregabalin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identifies certain medications that may act as precipitating factors for potential eating disorders, particularly in middle-aged and older populations. Clinicians should monitor these medications that affect appetite, weight, or carry abuse potential to prevent harm, especially in patients with eating disorders or at-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body dissatisfaction, ruminative thinking, food and alcohol disturbance, and alcohol use outcomes among college students","authors":"Javiera A. Hernandez Puelma ,&nbsp;Katherine A. Berry ,&nbsp;Luke Herchenroeder ,&nbsp;Alison Looby ,&nbsp;Adrian J. Bravo ,&nbsp;Stimulant Norms and Prevalence 2 (SNAP2) Study Team","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research shows that body dissatisfaction can contribute to risky alcohol use and negative alcohol-related consequences among college students. The present study examined if rumination and engagement in food and alcohol disturbance (FAD; i.e., disordered eating behaviors used to compensate for alcohol-related calories [FAD-calories] or enhance alcohol's effects [FAD-intoxication]) are potential mechanisms indirectly linking body dissatisfaction to alcohol use and related consequences in college students. Specifically, we tested whether higher body dissatisfaction relates to greater alcohol use/consequences via greater ruminative thinking (i.e., problem-focused thoughts, anticipatory thoughts, counterfactual thinking, and repetitive thoughts) and FAD frequency by motive (FAD-intoxication and FAD-calories). College students (<em>N</em> = 3362; M_age = 19.47, <em>SD</em> = 2.24; 70.2 % female; 61.5 % White non-Hispanic) from six U.S. universities who reported past-month alcohol use completed measures of body dissatisfaction, rumination, FAD, alcohol outcomes, BMI, and negative affect. Our estimated path model (i.e., body dissatisfaction → rumination facets → FAD frequency by motive → alcohol use quantity/consequences; covarying for BMI and negative affect) showed two significant double-mediated associations. Specifically, greater body dissatisfaction was associated with more alcohol use quantity/consequences via greater endorsement of problem-focused thoughts and both FAD motives. These findings suggest that those who experience body dissatisfaction may ruminate more (particularly engaging in problem-focused thoughts); which in turn may relate to more frequent engagement in FAD-intoxication and/or FAD-calories, which subsequently may contribute to more alcohol use and related consequences. Interventions looking to reduce FAD and alcohol-related harms should target both body image dissatisfaction and ruminative thinking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minority stress and eating pathology among sexual minority undergraduate women","authors":"An Pham ,&nbsp;Taryn Henning ,&nbsp;Junpei Tarashi ,&nbsp;Chelsea Derlan Williams ,&nbsp;Suzanne Mazzeo","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to compare eating pathology between heterosexual and sexual minority (SM) undergraduate women and explore the relation between eating pathology and minority stress in SM undergraduate women. Undergraduate women at a Southeastern university (<em>N</em> = 547; 38 % SM, 62 % heterosexual) completed a one-time online survey (2023–2024) measuring eating pathology, internalized stigma, and stigma concealment. We analyzed descriptive statistics and Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVAS). SM undergraduate women reported more body dissatisfaction and shape/weight overvaluation (<em>p</em> &lt; .001) and no difference in dietary restraint (<em>p</em> = .78) compared with their heterosexual counterparts. For SM undergraduate women, dietary restraint was linked to stigma concealment (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). These findings suggest that although SM undergraduate women experience unique stressors related to eating pathology, they are at similar risk of restrictive eating pathology to heterosexual undergraduate women. In addition to typical university life stressors, providers should be aware of the potential impact of stigma on SM female students' eating behaviors/cognitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food literacy in preschool-aged children - influencing factors, programmes, and outcomes: A scoping review","authors":"Aileen Mc Donnell Gillic,&nbsp;Aileen Kennedy,&nbsp;John M. Kearney","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Food literacy, encompassing knowledge, skills and behaviours related to food, is crucial for establishing healthy eating habits in children. However, the understanding of food literacy as it relates to preschool-aged children and their caregivers remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and grey literature sources was conducted. 21 studies met the inclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Key findings revealed an association between low socio-economic status and lower food literacy among parents. Higher food literacy was positively associated with an authoritative parenting style, but not with less restrictive feeding practices. Parental education was positively correlated with higher food literacy, but the role of parental occupation was less clear. However, the research mainly uses data from mothers only. Food literacy programmes demonstrated positive impacts on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to healthy eating, but lacked a theoretical foundation in some instances and longitudinal follow-up in all cases. Programmes mainly focused on nutrition knowledge and skills, neglecting broader food literacy components, like interpersonal competencies. Several different measurement tools were used across studies, hindering cross-study comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review identifies critical gaps in the literature, including the need for longitudinal studies, exploration of paternal influence, standardised measurement tools and a more comprehensive approach to food literacy interventions that incorporates interpersonal competency development and addresses the broader food system. Foundational knowledge exists; however, additional research is necessary to define and understand food literacy, including its development, implications, and impact on preschool-aged children and their caregivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous patterns of restrained eating in young women: A latent profile and network analysis","authors":"Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Congrong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Restrained eating, characterized by persistent and relatively stable subjective intention and behavioral tendency to restrict calories, is prevalent among young women and has commonly been linked to adverse health outcomes. Its heterogeneity and psychological correlates remain underexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the categories and characteristics of restrained eating in a community student-based sample of young women. A total of 506 participants completed six scales assessing restrained eating, appearance perfectionism, body shame, body surveillance, media exposure, and media internalization. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct subgroups: low restrained eating (25 %), moderate restrained eating (46 %), and high restrained eating (29 %). Network analysis further revealed distinct patterns in the relationships between appearance perfectionism and body-related factors. In the low restrained eating subgroup, the correlation between appearance perfectionism and body shame was notably weaker compared to the moderate subgroup. Furthermore, the moderate restrained eating subgroup exhibited a stronger association between appearance perfectionism and body surveillance than the high restrained eating subgroup. Finally, the correlation between appearance perfectionism and media internalization was more pronounced in the high restrained eating subgroup than in the low and moderate subgroups. These findings highlight the need for tailored prevention and intervention strategies to address restrained eating behaviors, which can have a profound impact on improving both the mental and physical health of young women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the muscularity-oriented eating test: Factor structure and psychometric properties among university athletes and across sexes","authors":"Kaitlin Hanss ,&nbsp;Dominic M. Denning ,&nbsp;Rachael E. Flatt ,&nbsp;Christina M. Sanzari ,&nbsp;Stuart B. Murray ,&nbsp;Jason M. Lavender ,&nbsp;Emilio J. Compte ,&nbsp;Aaron J. Blashill ,&nbsp;Jason M. Nagata ,&nbsp;Pamela K. Keel ,&nbsp;Jennifer Harriger ,&nbsp;Riley Nickols ,&nbsp;Jonathan Mond ,&nbsp;Tiffany A. Brown ,&nbsp;Sasha Gorrell","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The Muscularity-Oriented Eating Test (MOET) was developed to measure muscularity-oriented eating pathology among young men; however, this construct is relevant across sexes and may be particularly applicable to athletes. Thus, this study sought to validate the MOET among male and female athletes and non-athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Students (<em>N</em> = 2189) from three U.S. universities completed an online survey. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) testing two MOET versions (12-items, 15-items) were conducted in male and female athletes and non-athletes. Chi-squared tests and invariance analyses were used to evaluate the fit of each model across groups. Convergent validity of the MOET was assessed with Spearman correlation tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A one-factor CFA displayed adequate fit for 12-item and 15-item versions across all groups, except the 15-item version in the full sample. Chi-squared tests indicated superior fit of 12-item MOET CFAs among male and female athletes, female non-athletes, and all participants compared to 15-item models (<em>adjusted p</em> &lt; .050); no difference in fit was evidenced between 12-item and 15-item CFAs for male non-athletes (<em>adjusted p</em> = .062). Both versions showed similar convergent validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A 12-item MOET may provide improved screening for muscularity-oriented eating pathology in male and female athletes and female non-athletes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}