ECS Meeting Abstracts最新文献

{"title":"Probe Growth and Degradation of SEI at Multivalent Battery Systems","authors":"Niya Sa","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-01482549mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01482549mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) has not been widely reported for multivalent battery systems. Question such as whether there’s a SEI growth at the interface of the metal anode and the multivalent electrolytes is unclear. How the SEI is formed and its evolution with the electrochemical process is not known. Our lab has spent a great deal of efforts of understanding the role of SEI, its composition and evolution for multivalent electrolyte systems, and this work aims to give an overview of the recent research efforts with the use of the operando electroanalytical methods that reveal the SEI evolution for multivalent battery designs.","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Invited) Understanding Ion-Ion Correlations: From Liquid Electrolytes to Polymer Electrolytes","authors":"Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-01452455mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01452455mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Mass transport in electrolytes is one of the most important design focuses of electrochemical devices such as batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. Compared to the infinitely dilute solution, ion-ion correlations play a central role in determining the structure-property relationships in the concentrated solution. Therefore, disentangling ion-ion correlations and establishing their impact on transport coefficients is a fundamental and pressing issue in the field of electrolyte materials. In this talk, I will present the recent works of my group and collaborators on using molecular dynamics simulations to understand ion-ion correlations. In particular, we looked into this issue by exploring the synergy between liquid electrolytes and polymer electrolytes following the physical chemistry route started by Onsager. This has led to a number of interesting results on the relationship between the ion-pairing and the deviation from the Nernst-Einstein relation [1-3], and shed light on resolving the controversy of the negative transference number found in polymer electrolytes [4]. References: [1] Y. Shao, M. Hellström, A. Yllö, J. Mindemark, K. Hermansson, J. Behler, and C. Zhang, “Temperature effects on the ionic conductivity in concentrated alkaline electrolyte solutions”, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys . 2020 , 22: 10426. [2] Y. Shao, K. Shigenobu, M. Watanabe, and C. Zhang, “Role of viscosity in deviations from the Nernst–Einstein relation”, J. Phys. Chem. B , 2020 , 124: 4774. [3] H. Gudla, Y. Shao, S. Phunnarungsi, D. Brandell, and C. Zhang, “Importance of the ion-pair lifetime in polymer electrolytes”, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2021 , 12: 8460. [4] Y. Shao, H. Gudla, D. Brandell, and C. Zhang, “Transference number in polymer electrolytes: mind the reference-frame gap”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2022 , 144: 7583.","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible SOFC/SOEC System Development and Demonstration","authors":"Jenna Pike, Dennis Larsen, Tyler Hafen, Jeffrey Lingen, Becca Izatt, Michele Hollist, Abel Gomez, Ainsley Yarosh, Jessica Elwell, S Elangovan, Joseph Hartvigsen","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-0154254mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154254mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"The OxEon Energy team continues its 30+ year solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) development history with the design, fabrication, and installation of two reversible solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC)/SOFC demonstration modules (rSOC), at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and a private, stand-alone microgrid, scheduled for installation and commissioning in early 2023. OxEon’s SOEC/SOFC technology builds on the success of the SOEC stack installed on NASA’s Mars Perseverance Rover that has produced high-purity O2 by electrolyzing Mars atmosphere CO2 nine times to date. OxEon Energy’s technology space integrates cross-sector coupling to produce hydrogen or syngas from SOEC, electricity via SOFC, and transportation fuels from syngas through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. A low energy plasma reformer provides an alternative approach of producing syngas from low value hydrocarbons. OxEon’s four complementary technologies enable a flexible approach to leveling fluctuating energy from renewables and converting it to accessible, storable, and higher value fuels and chemicals. The reversible SOEC/SOFC systems described in this work demonstrate the opportunity to generate and store H2 fuel as a method to stabilize and capture excess production from renewable or nuclear energy sources. The two demonstration units described in this work integrate OxEon’s reversible SOEC/SOFC stacks with an effective and reliable balance of plant (BOP) system. The high temperature electrolysis (HTE) systems produce hydrogen through electrolysis using solid oxide cell (SOC) technology derived from OxEon’s heritage stack technology and the advancements made during the development of stacks for NASA’s Mars2020 mission. The two demonstration units described in this work use the same modular system design based on 4-stack quad assemblies. The INL system consists of three 4-stack quad assemblies to meet the 30 kW SOEC/ 10 kW SOFC target. OxEon also designed the manifold and plenum assembly to interface with INL’s existing 50 kW test stand and scaled the hot section unit (HSU) to enclose the system. Pressure drop across the system is minimized by supplying even flow to each of the three stack quads, and allows for air delivery in SOFC mode with a blower rather than an air compressor. INL system installation and testing is scheduled for early 2023. A previous 10 kW SOEC system demonstration at INL exceeded project objectives with 14.5 kW system power output, with uniform performance measured from each of 4 stacks. OxEon is scheduled to deliver a 20 kW SOEC/ 10 kW SOFC system to the private microgrid at Stone Edge Farm in early 2023. The system is comprised of 2 quad modules and BOP that will connect with onsite hydrogen storage and renewable energy generation plant. The system will generate hydrogen in SOEC mode using renewable energy supplied by the farm’s solar array. Hydrogen produced in SOEC mode will be compressed and stored by a system designed by HyET Hydrogen B.V. During times of low renewabl","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Digital Presentation) Ethanol Electro-Oxidation Kinetics Using Activated Carbon-Supported Pt-Ag Catalysts in Alkaline Media","authors":"Sarmistha Baruah, Akshai Kumar, Nageswara Rao Peela","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-01402879mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01402879mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Due to scarcity of fossil fuels and their severe environmental consequences, the development of high efficiency energy conversion devices such as fuel cells (FCs) have gained considerable attention. The specific energy conversion efficiency of FC is highly influenced by the activity of the electrocatalysts. The Pt is widely used as an electrocatalyst due to its high activity and stability, but its high cost and depletion of resources hinder its commercialization. One of the workable strategies for the practical application of Pt is to reduce its content by alloying with some non-precious metals and simultaneously maintain its electrochemical performance. In this context, we developed a low Pt-loaded Pt-Ag/C alloy electrocatalyst via a gradual reduction process. The electrochemical performance of the as-synthesized catalyst was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using the three-electrode electrochemical workstation at room temperature. The electrocatalytic investigations reveal that the resultant alloy has an activity of 32.7 mA cm -2 , which is significantly higher than that of Pt/C (17.6 mA cm -2 ) in an alkaline electrolyte and makes it a very efficient electrocatalyst for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The partial electron transfer from Ag to Pt in Pt-Ag alloy, which weakens the CO binding and poisoning effect on the surface, may be partly responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity of Pt-Ag/C. The activated carbon support also favors charge transport by transferring charge from catalytic active sites to external circuits. The stability and durability studies reveal that Pt-Ag/C performs significantly better than Pt/C, making it a viable electrocatalyst for EOR. Keywords: Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry, Alloy.","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Electrochemical Migration and Growth of Isolated Metal Particles","authors":"Shakul Pathak, Martin Z. Bazant","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-01442416mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01442416mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Electrokinetic phenomena within complex structures are relevant in microfluidics. For example, ion concentration polarization is used for electrokinetic trapping for enhanced biosensing using molecular probes 1 . Concentration polarization near ion-selective membranes also plays an important role in separation systems for desalination 2 . Aside from microfluidics, electrochemical growth-dissolution phenomenon has been reported in lithium ion battery systems where lithium plating and subsequent growth of dendrites can exacerbate the loss of cyclable lithium through the formation of isolated Lithium (i-Li) islands 3 . Initially thought to be “dead”, these islands were shown to migrate from one electrode to the other through a deposition-dissolution mechanism 3 . We present a mathematical solution for the growth and migration of an electrochemically active metal particle in a background current. A broad range of phenomena such as viscous fingering 4 , diffusion-limited aggregation 4 and electrochemical deposition 5 follow Laplacian growth and have been traditionally described using conformal map-dynamics in two dimensions. Some non-Laplacian phenomena like electrochemical transport 6,7 and advection-diffusion-limited aggregation 6 fall into the conformally invariant category 8 and can still be simplified using conformal-mapping techniques. Our solution applies conformal mapping to the non-Laplacian growth of the metal particle to evaluate the role of particle morphology in the evolution of the phase boundary. In addition to migration, dissolution-deposition was found to lead to formation of cusps on the phase boundary under certain conditions. The solution is applicable for a general class of problems with a reactive post or particle in an applied background flux. Analytical solutions such as the one presented here are expected to augment numerical simulations and lead to expressions that capture conditions for the onset of morphological instabilities. References S. Park, B. Sabbagh, R. Abu-Rjal, and G. Yossifon, Lab Chip , 22 , 814–825 (2022) https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2022/lc/d1lc00864a. D. Deng et al., Desalination , 357 , 77–83 (2015). F. Liu et al., Nature 2021 600:7890 , 600 , 659–663 (2021) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04168-w. J. Mathiesen, I. Procaccia, H. L. Swinney, and M. Thrasher, Europhys Lett , 76 , 257 (2006) https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1209/epl/i2006-10246-x. D. A. Kessler, J. Koplik, and H. Levine, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00018738800101379 , 37 , 255–339 (2006) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00018738800101379. M. Z. Bazant, J. Choi, and B. Davidovitch, Phys Rev Lett , 91 , 045503 (2003) https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.045503. Z. Gu et al., Phys Rev Fluids , 7 , 033701 (2022) https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.033701. M. Z. Bazant, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engine","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency Optimization of SOFC Subject to Degradation and Minimum Power Constraint","authors":"Hangyue Li, Minfang Han","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-0154134mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154134mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a developing energy conversion technology featuring high efficiency, power density, durability, and fuel compatibility. With these advantages, SOFCs are combined frequently with heat engines such as gas turbines, for higher system efficiency and power density. In practice, SOFCs are often required to deliver certain power. Considering economical aspects, power generation efficiency is critical to the running cost of energy conversion systems. However, high power and high efficiency are likely reached under different operating conditions. For example, to meet peak power demands, higher operating currents and fuel flowrates are necessary, while SOFCs are generally more energy efficient at lower current densities and fuel flowrates. Hence, the ideal operating condition is the solution to a power-constrained efficiency optimization problem. Moreover, SOFCs degrade as they operate, introducing gradual changes to SOFC characteristics. Thus, the optimization needs to be solved dynamically. To analyze the above-mentioned problem, a 10 cm by 10 cm planar SOFC was repeatedly tested for polarization characterizations and electrochemical impedance spectra. A 2-dimentional multi-physics model was developed and calibrated using both polarization and impedance data. To account for the lower open circuit voltage at lower fuel flowrates, an equivalent leakage current is included in the model. The model was thereafter employed for efficiency optimization given power constraints. At each required power output, the optimal fuel flowrate and the corresponding voltage, current, and efficiency was calculated. The electrical efficiency peaks globally at around 0.1 Standard Liter per Minute (SLM) hydrogen flowrate, while at higher power, the optimal efficiency is reached at fuel utilizations between 65% and 90%. Accounting for degradation in terms of growing ohmic resistance and decreasing electrode exchange current densities, the optimal efficiency is reached at lowering fuel utilization and lowering voltage, which may result in local oxidization of the anode. Moreover, an easy and straight-forward way was proposed to estimate the optimal fuel flowrate given polarization data. Further studies involving the safety constraints will be carried out in the future. Figure 1","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechano-Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Undoped and Mn²⁺ Doped Cspb(Br_1-xCl_x)₃ Halide Perovskite for Light Source Application","authors":"Ivy Krystal Jones, Uwe Hommerich, Kesete Ghebreyessus, Vadivel Jagasivamani, Demetris Geddis, Kabir Al Amin, Sudhir Trivedi, Amanda Tiano, Seth Fraden, Amir Moore, Khalid Hampton","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-01321827mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01321827mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"All-inorganic halide perovskites (HPs) continue to be of current interest for light source applications (e.g. lasers, LED’s) because of their high emission quantum yields and wide wavelength tunability due to compositional engineering [1]. The development of red and near-IR emitting lead halide perovskites, however, has been hampered by low emission efficiency and instability of iodine based compositions at room temperature. Recent studies employing transition metal or lanthanide doping have demonstrated an alternative approach to achieve red and near-IR emitting HPs structures [2-4]. In this study we report results of the mechano-chemical synthesis of undoped and manganese (Mn) doped CsPb(Br 1-x Cl x ) 3 halide perovskites as emitting materials for light source development. Mechano-chemical synthesis is considered a green chemistry method avoiding the use of complex and time-consuming reactions, energetic-enabled conditions, expensive precursor sources, and hazardous reagents, catalysts, additives, and surfactants. Mechano-chemical synthesis experiments were performed employing a high energy ball-mill and 5N purity lead halide and cesium halide powders. The prepared HPs were evaluated by optical microscopy, SEM, TEM, XRD, and fluorometric measurements. Under UV optical excitation a Mn doped CsPbCl 3 sample exhibited a broad red emission band centers at ~615nm, which was slightly red-shifted compared to the emission from a melt-grown Mn: CsPbCl 3 crystals (see Figure 1). Post synthesis optimization strategies for HPs were also explored including thermal treatment, high-pressure studies, and solvent dependency. Comparative studies of the emission properties of undoped and Mn doped CsPb(Br 1-x Cl x ) 3 prepared by mechano-chemical synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and melt-synthesis will also be presented. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Army Research Office (grant W911NF1810447) and National Science Foundation (grant NSF-DMR 1827820-PREM). References [1] R. Babu, L. Giribabu, S. P. Singh, \"Recent Advances in Halide-Based Perovskite Crystals and Their Optoelectronic Applications\", Cryst. Growth Des. 18, 2645 (2018). [2] B. Su, G. Zhou, J. Huang, E. Song, A, Nag, Z. Xia, “Mn 2+ doped metal halide perovskites: structure photoluminescence, and applications”, Laser and Photonics Reviews, 15, 2000334 (2021). [3] U. Hommerich, J. Barnett, A. Kabir, K. Ghebreyessus, K. Hampton, S. Uba, I. Uba, D. Geddis, C. Yang, S.B. Trivedi, S. Fraden, A. Aghvami, \"Comparative steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy of Mn doped CsPbCl 3 perovskites nanoparticles and bulk single crystals for photonic applications \", SPIE Proceedings Volume 11682, Optical Components and Materials XVIII, 116821J (2021). [4] U. Hömmerich, D. Hart, A. Kabir, C. Yang, S. B. Trivedi, \"Materials development and mid-infrared emission properties of Dy-doped TlPb 2 Br 5 and CsPbCl 3 ,\" Proc. SPIE 11276, Optical Components and Materials XVII, 112761D (2020). Figure","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructured LSC Thin Film Electrodes with Improved Electrochemical Performance and Long-Term Stability","authors":"Katherine Develos Bagarinao, Ozden Celikbilek, Gwilherm Kerherve, Sarah Fearn, Stephen J Skinner, Haruo Kishimoto","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-0154113mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154113mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Nanostructured La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ (LSC) thin film electrodes exhibit exceptionally high oxygen surface exchange properties, surpassing those of conventional microscale electrode structures, which are desirable for application in solid oxide cells (SOC) [1-2]. On the other hand, the LSC nanostructures also tend to undergo significant morphological changes at typically high temperatures required for SOC operation, leading to rapid degradation in performance. Here, towards the goal of improving the long-term stability of electrochemical performance of nanostructured LSC thin films, a systematic investigation of the effect of processing temperatures on long-term stability was carried out [3]. By varying the deposition temperature (500 °C to room temperature), the as-grown characteristic nanostructures of LSC thin films prepared using pulsed laser deposition can be tuned from highly dense nanocolumnar grains to nanofibrous structures with high porosity. Variations in the deposition temperature also resulted to differences in the proportion of surface-bound/lattice-bound Sr and Co 2+ /Co 3+ at the surfaces of the as-grown LSC thin films; however, prolonged annealing at 700 °C in air essentially transforms the surfaces to a final state with mostly lattice-bound Sr and Co 3+ . Nevertheless, LSC films with initially nanofibrous structures are found to be less prone to the grain sintering effect occurring at high temperatures and exhibit less degradation of the electrode polarization resistance as compared to well-dense films. Using lower deposition temperatures, cation interdiffusion occurring at LSC/GDC interfaces is also significantly suppressed, thus leading to better interfacial stability as compared to those prepared at higher deposition temperatures. These results highlight the relationship between characteristic nanostructures of thin film electrodes and electrochemical performance and provide guidance on designing electrodes with improved long-term stability. [1] J. Januschewsky, M. Ahrens, A. Opitz, F. Kubel and J. Fleig, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2009, 19, 3151–3156. [2] J. Hayd, L. Dieterle, U. Guntow, D. Gerthsen and E. Ivers-Tiffee, J. Power Sources, 2011, 196, 7263–7270. [3] K. Develos-Bagarinao, O. Celikbilek, R. A. Budiman, G. Kerherve, S. Fearn, S. J. Skinner and H. Kishimoto, J. Mater. Chem. A, 10, 2445-2459 (2022).","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal Composite Nano-Catalyst Enhanced Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anodes for Improved Performance and Stability with Hydrocarbon Containing Fuels","authors":"Saad Waseem, Matthew Barre, Katarzyna Sabolsky, Richard Hart, Seunghyuck Hong, Edward Sabolsky","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-015477mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015477mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Implementation of nano-catalyst materials into solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes to improve performance and stability has been widely studied. Addition of the nano-catalysts into an electrode structure serves to enhance the electrochemical performance of the SOFC by increasing the Triple Phase Boundary (TPB) area, improving redox stabilization, and modifying reaction kinetics of hydrocarbon gasses that cause anode degradation due to carbon deposition. SOFCs operating upstream of a reformer need to exhibit good tolerance to any hydrocarbon components that may make their way to the stack. Typical Ni-based cermet anodes suffer from anode deactivation due to carbon build up under hydrocarbon flows. Carbon builds up and covers the TPB area which results in poor electrochemical performance. Larger carbon deposits can block pores within the anode microstructure which leads to gas diffusion issues. Carbon buildup also causes mechanical stresses to the electrode due to volumetric changes which can lead to fracture and complete failure of the cell. This work studied nano-catalyst decoration of the Ni-based cermet anodes with catalysts that promote internal reforming to protect against coking. Addition of active metal components (such as Co, Ge, Sn), and ceramic reforming promoters (such as CeO 2 , MgO) were investigated. Multi-component systems with several catalysts were also examined. Uniform incorporation of nano-catalyst into the anode microstructure was achieved through a patented liquid phase surfactant assisted process (using various catechol surfactants). Deposition loading densities and distribution of nanoparticles was controlled by altering the surfactant and catalyst solution concentrations. Nano-catalyst depositions were characterized through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for imaging, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for topographical analysis, and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) for chemical characterization. Figure 1 shows SEM imaging of nano catalyst distribution of cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) and cobalt oxide (CoO) co-deposition within an anode structure. A uniform distribution of nano-sized catalyst materials is observed. Accelerated evaluation of nano-catalysts for SOFCs was completed through symmetrical anode tests, where a symmetrical anode cell was subjected to hydrocarbon impurity at SOFC operating temperatures and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization was done over time. The best catalyst systems were down selected and long-term SOFC tests were completed with current-voltage-power (I-V-P) and EIS evaluation. Post-mortem microstructure and chemistry characterizations were also used in analysis. Uniform nano catalyst distribution of CeO 2 and CoO within the anode structure demonstrated greater than 50% sustained improvement in harsh environment, long-term tests where the cell was subjected to 40% CH 4 for 50+ h. Figure 1","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale Modelling of Solid Oxide Cells Validated on Electrochemical Impedance Spectra and Polarization Curves","authors":"Giuseppe Sassone, Eduardo Da Rosa Silva, Manon Prioux, Maxime Hubert, Bertrand Morel, Aline Léon, Jérôme Laurencin","doi":"10.1149/ma2023-0154103mtgabs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154103mtgabs","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Oxide Cells (SOCs) are high temperature energy-conversion devices which have attracted a growing interest in the recent years. Indeed, this technology presents a high efficiency and a good reversibility in fuel cell (SOFC) and electrolysis (SOEC) modes. Thanks to its flexibility, SOCs can offer technical solutions for the development of a clean hydrogen economy. Nevertheless, SOCs durability is still insufficient for large scale commercialization. Therefore, it is still required to improve the SOCs lifetime by maintaining high performances. For this purpose, it is necessary to better understand the impact of global operating conditions on the local processes taking place in the cell components. Besides, the role of the electrode microstructure on the reaction mechanism is still not precisely understood. From this point of view, the modelling can be an efficient tool to unravel and better analyze all the microscopic processes involved in the cell operation. In this context, a physical-based model has been proposed to investigate the impact of operating conditions on the electrodes reaction mechanisms and cell performances. This model takes into account (i) a 3D representation of the electrode microstructure [1], (ii) a description of the reaction mechanisms in full elementary steps [2,3] and (iii) the SOC geometry with the gas flow configuration [4,5]. This multiscale model has been developed considering a typical cell composed of a dense electrolyte in Y 0.148 Zr 0.852 O 1.926 (8YSZ) sandwiched between an O 2 electrode in La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3- d -Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2-δ (LSCF-GDC) and an H 2 electrode made of Ni and YSZ (Ni-YSZ). The model has been validated using a specific experimental setup which was developed to measure the local polarization curves along the cell length. For this purpose, a specific design of the interconnect has been proposed in order to probe the local current density on the standard studied cells (Fig. 1a) [6]. It has been found that the model is able to reproduce accurately the global and local polarizations curves in SOFC and SOEC modes (Fig. 1a and 1b). The stationary model has been also extended to compute electrochemical impedance spectra by keeping the full description of the reaction mechanisms in elementary steps. This dynamic model, which is able to compute the impedance diagrams at Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) and under polarization, has been compared to the experimental data. As shown in Fig. 1c and 1d, a reasonable agreement has been found between the measurements and the simulations without any fitting. The validated stationary and dynamic model has been used to analyze the cell operation in electrolysis and fuel cell modes. The activated reaction pathways associated with the elementary steps in the active layers have been investigated depending on the position along the cell length. The different contributions arising in the impedance spectra have been also identified and discussed. References [1]","PeriodicalId":11461,"journal":{"name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135089133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}