The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Warburg: father of the metabolic approach to cancer.","authors":"Chris Wortley","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00282-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00282-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"911"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Badass.","authors":"Peter Ranscombe","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00283-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00283-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"910"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research in Brief.","authors":"H. Baker","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00279-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00279-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"7 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131290247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procalcitonin-guided reduction of antibiotic use in acute pancreatitis.","authors":"Gabriele Capurso, Enrique de-Madaria","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00231-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00231-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"896-897"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40526284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yu Ri Im,&nbsp;Rukmini Jagdish,&nbsp;Damien Leith,&nbsp;Jin Un Kim,&nbsp;Kyoko Yoshida,&nbsp;Amir Majid,&nbsp;Yueqi Ge,&nbsp;Gibril Ndow,&nbsp;Yusuke Shimakawa,&nbsp;Maud Lemoine","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00201-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00201-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite growing concerns about transmissibility and clinical impact, occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has received little attention in the hepatitis elimination agenda. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of occult HBV infection at a global and regional scale and in specific populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, and Web of Science databases for articles published in any language between Jan 1, 2010, and Aug 14, 2019. We included original articles and conference abstracts of any study design that reported the proportion of HBsAg-negative adults (aged ≥18 years) who are positive for HBV DNA (ie, people with occult HBV infection). The prevalence of occult HBV infection was pooled, using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model, in the general population and specific groups defined by the type of study participants (blood donors; other low-risk populations; high-risk populations; and people with advanced chronic liver disease), and stratified by HBV endemicity in each country. We also assessed the performance of anti-HBc as an alternative biomarker to detect occult HBV infection. The study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42019115490.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>305 of 3962 articles were eligible, allowing a meta-analysis of 140 521 993 individuals tested for HBV DNA. Overall, only two studies evaluated occult HBV infection in the general population, precluding unbiased global and regional estimates of occult HBV infection prevalence. In blood donors, occult HBV infection prevalence mirrored HBV endemicity: 0·06% (95% CI 0·00-0·26) in low-endemicity countries, 0·12% (0·04-0·23) in intermediate-endemicity countries, and 0·98% (0·44-1·72), in high-endemicity countries (p=0·0012). In high-risk groups, occult HBV infection prevalence was substantial, irrespective of endemicity: 5·5% (95% CI 2·9-8·7) in low-endemicity countries, 5·2% (2·5-8·6) in intermediate-endemicity countries, and 12·0% (3·4-24·7) in high-endemicity countries. The pooled sensitivity of anti-HBc to identify occult HBV infection was 77% (95% CI 62-88) and its specificity was 76% (68-83).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>A substantial proportion of people carry occult HBV infection, especially among high-risk groups across the globe and people living in highly endemic countries. Occult HBV infection should be part of the global viral hepatitis elimination strategy.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None.</p>","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"932-942"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9630161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40609660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximal serrated polyp detection rate and interval post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer risk.","authors":"Ravishankar Asokkumar,&nbsp;Han-Mo Chiu,&nbsp;Tonya Kaltenbach,&nbsp;Takahisa Matsuda,&nbsp;Roy Soetikno","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00237-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00237-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"907"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating bile acid diarrhoea with liraglutide.","authors":"Julian R F Walters","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00213-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00213-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"897-899"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximal serrated polyp detection rate and interval post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer risk - Authors' reply.","authors":"Joep E G Ijspeert,&nbsp;David E F W M van Toledo,&nbsp;Evelien Dekker","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00273-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00273-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"907-908"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33458261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Gillian Watermeyer,&nbsp;Yaw Awuku,&nbsp;Ernst Fredericks,&nbsp;David Epstein,&nbsp;Mashiko Setshedi,&nbsp;Smita Devani,&nbsp;Wisdom Mudombi,&nbsp;Chris Kassianides,&nbsp;Leolin Katsidzira","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00048-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00048-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is generally considered a disease of high-income countries and is regarded as rare in sub-Saharan Africa. However, this assumption is almost certainly an underestimate, and the high burden of communicable diseases makes IBD in sub-Saharan Africa difficult to detect. Furthermore, some gastrointestinal infections can closely mimic IBD, contributing to delays in diagnosis and complicating therapeutic decision making. Constraints in endoscopic capacity alongside a scarcity of qualified diagnostic pathologists add to the difficulties. Implementing evidence-based guidelines recommended by international societies is challenging, mostly due to high costs and unavailability of medication. However, cost-effective approaches can still be implemented to manage IBD in sub-Saharan Africa as the predominant disease phenotype is mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis, which often responds to treatment with basic medication. In this Series paper, we summarise the current management of IBD in sub-Saharan Africa and propose how it can be tailored to suit the epidemiological and socioeconomic specificities of the region. We also discuss measures required to address existing challenges, such as educating health-care workers about the diagnosis and management of IBD or improving endoscopic capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"962-972"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40465405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of occult hepatitis B virus infection: where we are and what to do.","authors":"Teresa Pollicino","doi":"10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00238-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00238-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114609,"journal":{"name":"The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":"899-900"},"PeriodicalIF":35.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40609661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}