Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences最新文献_第3页

Small Firms, Institutions and Interactions: Low-Technology Innovations fromthe Perspective of Critical Realism 小企业、制度与互动:批判现实主义视角下的低技术创新

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.07

M. Nouman, M. Yunis, Owais Mufti

{"title":"Small Firms, Institutions and Interactions: Low-Technology Innovations from\u0000the Perspective of Critical Realism","authors":"M. Nouman, M. Yunis, Owais Mufti","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Sectors or industries characterized by limited or no use of technology to innovate are called lowtechnology (LT) sectors. They are usually dominated by small firms. Identifying a dearth of academicand practitioner work, this paper helps explain how institutions within a small-firm sector and interactions of these firms with institutions influence the occurrence or non-occurrence of LT innovation. Marble sector firms primarily located in north-west Pakistan have been selected for this purpose. Advocating the need for critical realism that has been an often ignored paradigm in management research, this paper offers a unique perspective on the paradigm's fundamental tenets which are events, objects, mechanisms and causal powers through an extensive and robustqualitative analysis using case study methodology. Findings reveal strong normative and cognitive institutions but weak regulative institutions with varying levels of consistencies or otherwise in terms of small firms' interactions with these institutions. Interestingly, cognitive institutions emerge as the main barrier to LT innovation which is a key contribution of this paper along with a hard tofind critical realist perspective. \u0000Keywords: Low-technology innovation, LT innovation, institutions, interactions, critical realism","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134449247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Resilience of Central Bank Interest Rate on the Association of FinancialLeverage and Firm Performance 中央银行利率弹性对财务杠杆与企业绩效关系的影响

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.11

A. Ahmad, Pir Bilal, I. Khan

{"title":"The Resilience of Central Bank Interest Rate on the Association of Financial\u0000Leverage and Firm Performance","authors":"A. Ahmad, Pir Bilal, I. Khan","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the moderating effect of the Central Bank's interest rate on the relationship between financial leverage and firm profitability. The study uses panel data of Pakistani firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period 2009-2016 with fixed effect regression analysis. Firm profitability is used as a dependent variable and is measured by EBIT and ROE while leverage andCentral Bank's Interest Rate (SBIR) are used as Independent variables. Results show that leverage isnegatively associated and statistically significant with firm performance (FP) while SBIR is negativelyrelated but this relation is statistically not significant. This imply that SBIR has no direct effect on firm performance. The important factor is the composite effect of leverage and SBIR on FP, which isnegative and statistically significant. These results imply that the central bank's policy of discountrates has an indirect effect on FP as this policy affects lending decisions of the firm. All these findings are consistent with previous studies. The study adds to the existing literature of banks interest rates and leverage in the sense that when government increases interest rates, it indirectly affects the firm performance as a firm may or may not be able to get credit from these financial institutions. Thus,government and policy makers are to take into account firms' performances and overall capitalmarket while changing he interest rates of the country. \u0000Keywords: Financial leverage; Central bank interest rate; Profitability; Moderating effect","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134304128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing Mediating Role of Creative Self –Efficacy between Climate forCreativity and Creativity: Empirical Evidence from R&D of IT Sector, Pakistan 创新自我效能感在创新氛围与创造力之间的中介作用:来自巴基斯坦IT行业研发的经验证据

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.10

Sajeela Rabbani, M. Sarmad

{"title":"Revealing Mediating Role of Creative Self –Efficacy between Climate for\u0000Creativity and Creativity: Empirical Evidence from R&D of IT Sector, Pakistan","authors":"Sajeela Rabbani, M. Sarmad","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study disclosed the mediating role of creative self-efficacy (CSE) between climate for creativitydimensions and creativity. The dyadic relationship between boss-subordinate is considered to assess the constructs in time lags. The study sample was drawn from 408 research and development (R&D) employees from information technology (IT) sector, Pakistan. The adopted and adapted questionnaires were utilized to collect the data. The data were analyzed through partial least squares, structural equation modeling technique through SMART PLS 3.2 software. The findingsrevealed significantly positive effects of major dimensions of climate for creativity on employees' creativity. Moreover, creative self-efficacy is proved as a mediator between various dimensions of climate for creativity and creativity except for organizational encouragement, challenging work andorganizational impediments. Thus, practical and theoretical implications are provided for academicians and managers; particularly related to IT sector and generally related to other sectors in Pakistan. \u0000Keywords: Creativity, Climate for creativity, Creative Self-Efficacy","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132234492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Momentum Effect in Stock Market: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan StockExchange 股票市场的动量效应:来自巴基斯坦证券交易所的经验证据

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.02

Shahid Rasheed, Umar Saood, Waqar Alam, Muhammad Imran Ullah

{"title":"Momentum Effect in Stock Market: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan Stock\u0000Exchange","authors":"Shahid Rasheed, Umar Saood, Waqar Alam, Muhammad Imran Ullah","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the momentum effect presence in selected stocks of Pakistan stock market using data from Jan 2007 to Dec 2016. This study constructed the strategies includes docile, equal weighted and full rebalancing techniques. Data was extracted from the PSX – 100 index ranging from 2007 to 2016. STATA coding ASM software was used for calculating momentum portfolios, finally top 25 stocks were considered as a winner stocks and bottom 25 stocks were taken as a loser stocks. In conclusion, the results of the study found a strong momentum effect in Pakistan stock exchange PSX 100- index. As by results it has been observed that a substantial profit can earn by the investors or brokers in constructing a portfolio with a short formation period of three months and hold for 3, 6 and 12 months. There is hardly a study is present on the same topic on Pakistan Stock Exchange as preceding studies were only conducted on individual stock markets before merger of stock markets in Pakistan while this study leads the explanation of momentum phenomenon in new dimension i.e. Pakistan Stock Exchange.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Momentum, Portfolio, Winner Stocks, Loser Stocks","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121310383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Trade Openness, Institutions and Industrial Growth in Pakistan: AnApplication of Bayer and Hanck Cointegration Test 贸易开放、制度与巴基斯坦产业增长:Bayer和hank协整检验的应用

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.04

Abdul Farooq, A. R. Chaudhary, A. Nawaz

{"title":"Trade Openness, Institutions and Industrial Growth in Pakistan: An\u0000Application of Bayer and Hanck Cointegration Test","authors":"Abdul Farooq, A. R. Chaudhary, A. Nawaz","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Per Capita Income and productivity of industrial sector are very low in developing nations including Pakistan as compared to developed nations. Three reasons have been mentioned in the literature for this difference; geographical differences, role of international trade and the quality of institutions.This study examines the short run and long run impacts of trade openness, and quality of institutions, on the growth of industrial sector of Pakistan, using time series data over the period of 1984-2013.TheCobb- Douglas production function has been augmented by adding quality of institutions, trade openness, and financial development variables to probe their impacts on the industrial growth. The most recently developed combined cointegration technique by Bayer and Hanck (2013) has been usedto check the cointegration among the variables. Long run empirical results show that trade openness, and quality of institutions positively contributes to the growth of industrial sector. These resultssuggest that better quality and well-functioning of the institutions is a pre requisites to boost the foreign trade, and the growth of industrial sector of Pakistan. \u0000Keywords: Trade Openness, Institutions, Industrial Growth, Pakistan","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114809818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Exploring the Relationship among University Teachers' Emotional Intelligence,Emotional Labor Strategies, and Teaching Satisfaction 高校教师情绪智力、情绪劳动策略与教学满意度的关系探讨

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.03

Imtiaz Arif, A. Umer, Syeda Wajiha Kazmi, M. Khalique

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship among University Teachers' Emotional Intelligence,\u0000Emotional Labor Strategies, and Teaching Satisfaction","authors":"Imtiaz Arif, A. Umer, Syeda Wajiha Kazmi, M. Khalique","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we investigated the impact of emotional intelligence on university teacher satisfaction with emotional labor strategies as mediators. In order to evaluate this relationship, three scales were used WLEIS, TELSS and TSS for emotional intelligence, emotional labor strategies and teaching satisfaction respectively. The data was collected from 449 university teachers including both adjunct and permanent. Structured equation model and phantom model were utilized to analyze the mediating effect of emotional labor strategies on emotional intelligence and teaching satisfactions. In this study second-order factor of emotional intelligence was used and findings showed that emotional intelligence has a significant positive relationship with teaching satisfaction whereas surface acting and deep acting have negative impact on teaching satisfaction. However, expressions of naturally felt emotions have a positive insignificant relationship with the dependent variable. Surface acting and deep acting when worked as a mediator, they resulted in negative association between emotional intelligence and teaching satisfaction. Generally, this research revealed that\u0000emotional intelligence was critically important for the satisfaction of teachers with their work. This study would also help the university management to incorporate those emotional labor strategies which would in turn enhance teaching satisfaction.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Emotional labor strategies, Teacher satisfaction, University, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126362485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Performance of Women Entrepreneurshipin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 影响开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省妇女创业绩效的社会经济因素

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.16

Faryal Raheem, Qadar Bakhsh Baloch, S. Shah

引用次数: 5

The Casual Chain of Relationship Among the Antecedents of Brand Equity inPakistan's Higher Education Sector 巴基斯坦高等教育部门品牌资产前因之间的因果关系链

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.15

Muhammad Shafiq Gul, F. Jan, Kashif Amin

{"title":"The Casual Chain of Relationship Among the Antecedents of Brand Equity in\u0000Pakistan's Higher Education Sector","authors":"Muhammad Shafiq Gul, F. Jan, Kashif Amin","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The stud aims at investigating brand equity along with its relevant determinants specifically thestudents' preferences as proposed in earlier literature then institutes of higher studies will be not onlyattract a mass number of students' but be able to serve the society in a far better manner. In addition,the objective of this study is also to examine the causal chain of a relationship among the antecedentsof brand equity like students preferences, brand meaning, students' satisfaction, trust, andcommitment with the mediating role of attachment strength in the higher education sector ofPakistan. A survey questionnaire was used for the collection of data from graduate level students ofPakistani Universities from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK) and GilgitBaltistan. A sample of 255 students was analyzed using SmartPLS3.2.7. The findings of the studyrevealed that there exists a causal chain of a relationship among the constructs of the conceptualmodel. Furthermore, attachment strength fully mediates between brand meaning and therelationship factors like Students' satisfaction, and trust while partially mediates amid brand imageon student commitment. This paper is an effort to provide ample guidelines to the policymakers inthe higher education sector. \u0000Keywords: Brand Meaning, Relationship Factors, Attachment Strength, Higher Education","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134608985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of Authentic Leadership Questionnaire in Pakistani Context:Evidence form Higher Education Institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 巴基斯坦背景下真实领导力问卷的验证:来自开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦高等教育机构的证据

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.08

F. Akbar, Zakia M I Ali, I. Ahmad

{"title":"Validation of Authentic Leadership Questionnaire in Pakistani Context:\u0000Evidence form Higher Education Institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","authors":"F. Akbar, Zakia M I Ali, I. Ahmad","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the validity of Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) in the context of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of Pakistan. Although, the ALQ has been used worldwide in different organizational fields, however, little is known about its psychometric features in the context of HEIs. This study is therefore an endure to explore its psychometric features in Pakistani context taking evidences form HEIs of KP, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was applied to know about the leaderships style in HEIs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Data were collected from 1437 employees of HEIs through convenient sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approaches. A factor loading of .40 was set as the item selection criteria for retaining in the scale. Using Principle Component Analysis (CFA), the four factor structure was assessed. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through AMOS, the results of this study showed that the four dimensional ALQ is a reliable and valid instrument in HEIs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The construct validity provided evidences concerning applicability of the ALQ in the same context. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the ALQ may be tested in other organizational cultures in Pakistani context to enlarge its scope in other fields of research. Leadership style, associated with working behavior of employees, is considered a significant predictor in the overall organizations' performance. \u0000Keywords: Authentic Learning, Scale Validation, Higher Education","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128189084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Empowering Leadership and Proactive Behavior: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Leader-Follower Distance 授权领导与主动行为:心理授权的中介作用和领导-从者距离的调节作用

Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-21 DOI: 10.34091/AJSS.12.1.05

M. A. U. Haq, M. Ahmed, Muhammad Usman, Shaista Khalid

{"title":"Empowering Leadership and Proactive Behavior: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Leader-Follower Distance","authors":"M. A. U. Haq, M. Ahmed, Muhammad Usman, Shaista Khalid","doi":"10.34091/AJSS.12.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34091/AJSS.12.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of empowering behavior of leader on followers' proactive behavior. It was also proposed that such an effect will be mediated by psychological empowerment, whereas, leader-follower distance was proposed to inversely moderate the direct effect of empowering leadership. The setting for this study was the Hospitality industry in Pakistan. Survey data was collected from managerial level employees working in hotels in Islamabad and Lahore,Pakistan. Dyadic data were gathered from 311 1-1 supervisor-subordinate dyads. Data were analyzed in two steps. First, the measurement model was assessed for reliability and validity. Common method variance was assessed with the help of common latent factor method. Second, direct and indirect effects were tested using structural regression. Test of moderation was performed using Process Macro in SPSS. Results show that empowering leadership had a significant effect on proactive behavior. The effect of empowering leadership was partially mediated by psychological empowerment. It was found that leader-follower distance had an inverse moderating effect. In the end, implications for theory and practice have been discussed. \u0000Keywords: Empowering leadership, Proactive behavior, psychological empowerment, leaderfollower distance","PeriodicalId":114167,"journal":{"name":"Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130167708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8